中考阅读与长难句.pdf

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2. 猜词题技巧⑴通过因果关系猜词because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, thereforeYou shouldn't have blamed him for that, for it wasn't his fault.⑵通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词同义词and, or反义词but, however, while，与 not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.⑶通过定义或释义关系来推测词义But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought.2013年北京中考It's a lot easier to hold your ground with a stranger than with someone you love.But the more important the relationship is to you than the more important it is to be assertive.（ 坚定而自信的）54. The expression “ hold your ground ” probably means " ” .A. reach an agreement.B. insist on your point.C. keep your words.D. keep on fighting.The following day I ask her how the test went and she just says "OK, I got a nine".Now, well done!” I say, before she finishes with "But I never get a ten!”"According to James, this obsession with getting top marks has been a bad development, which encouragespeople to think of education in terms of work and money. To test this, I asked my daughter why she was soworried about her tests. She looked at me as if I was thick. "Well, if I don't get good grades, I don't get intouniversity. Then I probably won't get a good job and I won/t be able to afford nice things like a car and stuff/57. What does the word “obsession“ in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A plain and unavoidable fact.B. A satisfied and very proud state.C. A potential and widely-used way.D. A fixed and often unreasonable idea.中考c 篇Reading something difficult文章主旨内容Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesn't make sense to you.54. The underlined phrase“ run into“ meansA. work out （ 算出） B. comes across （ 遇到）C. look into （ 调查） D. pass by （ 路过）中考D 篇Some young Koreans have taken to the theory.A recent study showed 76 percent of Koreans aged between 13 and 64 believing in the blood-type personalityconnection.58. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. It was lightly believed.B. It was brought to them.C. They liked and accepted it.D. They stole the idea from others.中考c 篇Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the waythat they do, called psychologists.55. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your_ .A. illness and abilities.（ 疾病和能力）B. thoughts and behaviour.C. mind and nervous system （ 头脑和神经系统）D. physical activity and daily exercise （ 体力活动和日常锻炼）课标卷Peanuts are very highly nutritious and are hiqh in protein （ 蛋白质）.What dose the underlined word "nutritious" mean? AA. Good for health （ 有益于健康）B. Helpful to the poor （ 有助于穷人）C. Delicious and tasty （ 美味可口）D. Rich in fat and oil （ 富含油脂）北京卷The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain （ 链条）of peoplethey know. Another name of this chain is degrees of separation. Each degree is a step that separates a personfrom someone he or she does not know. There are zero degrees of separation between a person and the peoplehe or she knows directly. This means that there are zero degrees between Ben and his mom.What is the meaning of '"degrees of separation'; in paragraph 2? AA. The chain to connect people.B. The relations between people.C. The steps of knowing strangers.D. The separation between strangers主旨题“ 能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局”一 主旨题1 .主旨题首段 找核心词尾段 看作者观点各段的首句2 . 主旨题可以忽略的地方显性例证for example, such as隐形例证数字3 . 主旨题思路第一步：找文章的核心词第二步：比较选项差异去同较异作者态度逆向思维主旨题(1) Which is the best title of the passage?(2) Which of the following is this passage about?(3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us t hat .(4) The passage tells us t hat .(5) This passage mainly talks a b o u t .难度指数★关键词不同时2011 ~ 2012年度西城区初三期末考试( 首段)The secret in re-remembering is to ...( 尾 段 ) This memory method … no matter what you have forgotten, there is a chance to solve any memorymystery ( 谜团) .What can be the best title for the passage?A. Forgetting - You can never really forgetB. Drawing - The better way to remember thingsC. Re-remembering — Remember what you have forgottenD. Replacing -- Forgetting something instead of remembering难 度 指 数 ★★关键词相同时一1 . 看作者态度、观点2 . 比全面60. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used Language on InternetB. Is Netspeak : Harming the English Language?C. Is Netspeak : Helpful in Language Learning?D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages首段：She was only about five feet tall and probably never weighed more than 110 pounds, but Miss Bessie was atowering presence in the classroom. She was the only woman tough enough to make me read Beowulf andthink for a few stupid days that I liked it. From 1938 to 1942, she taught me English, history -and a lot morethan I realized.尾段：No child can get all the necessary support at home, and millions of poor children get no support at all. This iswhat makes a wise, educated, warm-hearted teacher like Miss Bessie so essential tothe minds, hearts and souls of this country's children.60. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? CA. Dreams Go with EducationB. An Unforgettable LessonC. Unforgettable Miss BessieD. Reading Makes a Full Man首段：The book, Bring Your Book To Life, by William John Mills, points out that the secret to meaning in life, and inwork, depends on how you relate to yourself, how you relate to others and to your relationship with highervalues or purpose in life.尾段：That can make the difference between just living and feeling fully alive. You have to work at living, not just atworking. Mills' book just has excellent guides for such a journey.57.The best title for the passage is C .A. Love What You Do and What You HaveB. Live a Life with Higher Values or PurposeC. Find Meaning in Your Work and Your LifeD. Build Relationships Between Your Work and Life段首：Stress（ 压力， 紧张） is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life.When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical calledadrenaline（ 肾上腺素）What can you do about stress?尾段：The link（ 关系） between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal withstress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It's important to get enoughsleep and eat nutritious meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you cando is daily exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chanceto burn up some of that adrenaline. Of course, a person who isn't used to much physical activity should startslowly. Anyone with a continuing physical problem should check with a doctor before starting any exerciseprograms.58. What is probably the best title for this passage? AA. The Body-Brain LinkB. The Causes of StressC. The Advice on HealthD. The Nervous System首段：Many textbooks are not written in the kind of English that we speak every day. In fact, sometimes the readingis so difficult that it almost seems like a foreign language. In a way, it is the language of science. You should notexpect to be able to read a difficult science passage the same way you read an interesting story; you should notexpect to read it easily and all at once. Instead, you may have to read it several times through, catching on themeaning of difficult words, going back over difficult sentences, and finally putting the whole thing together. Donot be discourages if the whole passage don't make sense to you at first. You need to pick it apart patiently untilyou can understand it.段首：These are the steps to follow when you are reading something difficult:56. The massage is mainly about A.A. steps of studying scienceB. difficulties in reading scienceC. ways of reading science passagesD. researches on science and English推断题1.推断题答案来自于原文但不等同于原文。

答案必须忠于原文，不能主观臆断1) We can infer from the text t hat .(2) From the story we can g ue s s ,东晋诗人陶渊明曾经写过这样一句诗” 采菊东篱下，悠然见南山 ”问：从这句诗中我们可以推断出什么？A .作者在东边的篱笆下采菊花B .作者是斜眼C .作者在山间怡然自得D .作者被贬，厌倦官场生活，隐居山林所感世界上有两种人，一种是男人，一种是女人说张三这个东西，不是女人那么我们可以推断：A .张三是男人B .张三是女人C .张二不是女人D .张三是女人是不可能的A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.3. From the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer that.A. it's difficult to change a stressful situationB. it's not stressful when a good change takes placeC. a big change will cause another stressful situationD. a stressful situation can't be changed without any effort总结阅读理解题取材广泛，但仍然有规律可循。

1 .平时要多阅读并善于总结，积累解题技巧2 . 考试时要研读好文本，不放过文本中细节3 . 做完题后要仔细检查，每篇材料应有完整情节长难句定语从句先行词+ 关系词+ 从句Kind-hearted and open-minded,my aunt was the onewho played baseball with me,who took me horse-back riding,who took me to the father-son dinners,and who gave me lessons on how to drive.Kind-hearted and open-minded,my father is the onewho plays basketball with me,and who gives me lessons on how to study.Today, thanks to modern transportation and well-organized society, thousands of people willingly and eagerlyleave the surroundings where they were born, and the oftener they do so, the less sentiment they are likely tohave for those surroundings.宾语从句时态+ 陈述语序宾语从句They have always complained that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they do not trusttheir children to deal with problems; that they talk too much about certain problems, and that they have to nosense of humor, at last in parent-child relationships.We remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.The thing that amazed me most was that the first time I read these works on my own some of them seemeddead, but the second time, after his explanation, I couldn't believe that I hadn't seen the humor.状语从句时间/ 条件/ 结果A great many people, when they speak of home, then to connect it with a certain atmosphere, certainphysical surroundings, and certain emotional attitudes within themselves.Although our situation was very bad, it's difficult to feel too sorry for yourselfwhen you look at what's happening elsewhere.If you can't at least try to put yourself in someone else's shoes, how can you understand their situation, theirproblems and issues?长难句练习1. She never failed to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I want it, if I only tried hardenough.2. Nowadays, nobody could have failed to notice the fact that *** has become more and more important.3. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered and that we failedto react with love when it was gentle.4. A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car , as the owner; you have to pay for any damage done to the car ,even if your dog has been killed in the accident.记叙文六要素：时间、人物、地点、事件、经过、结果开头：好/ 坏中间：坏/ 好结尾：好 （ 提升）“Will you give my kite a lift?" asked my nephew to his sister. Lucy took it up and threw it into the air; but herbrother didn't pay attention and ran off, so the kite fell down. "Try again, children/ I said.Lucy once more took up the kite. But John ran off so suddenly that the kite flew out of her hand and it fell flatas before. "Try again,“ said I.They did, and with more care, but a side wind came suddenly. As Lucy let go the kite, it was blown againstsome bushes and the tail was caught. Meanwhile, I went to the kite' s assistance and set the tail free from thebushes. I told them to find a more open area and then try again.We found an open area. I threw the kite up as John ran off. It rose up and promised a high flight. But John wasso pleased that he stopped short to look upward. The string became loose. The kite shook and came down tothe ground. "I won' t try anymore. The kite won' t fly .s a id he angrily. I replied, uA few disappointmentsare not supposed to discourage us. And now try again. ”And he tried and succeeded, for the kite was carried upward on the breeze as lightly as a feather. He was veryexcited to enjoy the sight. John began to roll up the string slowly. uShall we come out tomorrow and tryagain?”I smiled, “Yes, dear children. I wish to teach you the value of keeping trying. Whenever you fail, remember -TRY AGAIN!”50. How many times did they fly the kite?A. Five. B. Four. C. Three. D. Six.51. How did John feel when he finally flew the kite up?A. Angry. B. Hopeful. C. Excited. D. Worried52. The writer wants to tell us.A. the ways of flying kitesB. the pleasure of flying kitesC. the cost of making mistakesD. the importance of keeping tryingIt was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, wasbeautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea.My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. I' m so glad I did.Being on the boat, we found there was something meters away. When moving nearer, we saw it was amother whale with her baby. We couldn, t believe it - there aren' t any whales along the coast. The stormmust have driven them there, where the sea water was so dirty that nothing could live in it.The little baby whale-actually as big as our boat—was stuck and could not move. The mother went downinto the water and came up suddenly, making big waves. "She' s trying to help her baby, but on the wrongside, “ my father said. At this point, my father moved our boat to the other side and, heading the boat towardsthe baby whale, pushed it gently. With our several gentle pushes the baby whale turned over and disappearedunder water. Then it swam up right beside its mum. They made great efforts to swim towards the deep sea butfailed and started heading in the wrong direction. We hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them to the sea.Slowly, they let us lead them, sometimes rising from the water right beside us to breathe —and to give us atrusting look with those huge eyes. Once they hit their first part of clean water from the sea, the mum gave us awave with her tail and off they swam into the deep sea.In the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals foralmost an hour and a half. That was the simple and lasting beauty of the day. Today, I still look back to thatgolden day at sea.54. The story happened on a day.A. rainy B. stormyC. sunny D. cloudy原文：It was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, wasbeautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea.55. In Paragraph 2, the writer says "I' m so glad I did." because .A. he knew where he could see whalesB. he liked fishing in the sea very muchC. he experienced how the whales were savedD. he spent the whole weekend with his family原文： My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. I' msopladldid.57. By telling the story, the writer wants to tell us that .A. saving lives makes people happyB. it' s a good experience to go fishingC. we should live with animals happilyD. keeping sea water clean is important原文：In the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals foralmost an hour and a half. That was the simple and lasting beauty of the day. Today, I still look back to thatgolden day at sea.科普说明文阅读第一篇文章In the West, some people believe that personality can be predicted according to the time of the year theperson was born. From China comes the belief that the year of birth influences one's personality. In the pastcentury, a new belief has arisen: the idea that personality is related to one's ABO blood type. People with bloodtype A, for example, are considered more likely to be serious, hard-working, and quiet, while people with bloodtype 0 are likely to be popular and outgoing, yet often unable to finish what they start. Though this beliefcontinues to be strong, some people question whether it is true.The blood-type personality theory （ 理论）started in Japan in 1927 when Furukawa Takeji noticedpersonality similarities and differences among his workers. The idea soon went out of fashion, but was broughtback by a Japanese television host named Toshitaka Nomi in the 1970s. The belief is still strong in Japan and isincreasingly popular in neighboring countries. Some voun, Koreans have taken to the theory. A recent studyshowed 76 percent of Koreans aged between 13 and 64 believing in the blood-type personality connection.Though most Asians might believe in the blood-type theory, for many it seems harmless and not something tobe taken too seriously.There is also the possibility that people are influenced to change their personality to match the expectedstereotypes （ 思维定式） . A survey of studies made in Japan over a 10-year period found that while in the 1970sthere was no relationship between blood type and personality. Later studies in the 1980s found that therelationship increased a little. Researchers concluded that as the belief in the stereotypes increases, people maybe changing their personality to follow the bold-type theory.Is the belief true? The scientists in Asia largely dismiss the belief as a modern-day superstition （ 迷信） . Moststudies have failed to find any strong connection between blood and personality. Generally, scientists warnagainst making predictions or important decisions based on this questionable theory.57. The writer uses blood type A and 0 as an example to e x p l a i n .A. the difference between the two blood types.B. the relationship between the two blood type.C. the influence of blood type on one's behavior.D. the connection between personality and blood type.原文：In the past century, a new belief has arisen: the idea that personality is related to one/s ABO blood type.People with blood type A, for example, are considered more likely to be serious, hard-working, and quiet, whilepeople with blood type 0 are likely to be popular and outgoing, yet often unable to finish what they start.Though this belief continues to be strong, some people question whether it is true.58. What does the underline sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. It was lightly believed.B. It was brought to them.C. They liked and accepted it.D. They stole the idea from others.原文：The belief is still strong in Japan and is increasingly popular in neighboring countries. Some voung Koreanshave taken to the theory. A recent study showed 76 percent of Koreans aged between 13 and 64 believing inthe blood-type personality connection.59. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Most scientists in Asia don't believe in the theory.B. The blood-type theory began in Japan in the 1970s.C. The blood-type personality theory is about blood type.D. People don't change their personality to match the theory.原文：A 选项对应原文： Is the belief true? The scientists in Asia largely dismiss the belief as a modern-day superstition（ 迷信） .B 选项对应原文: The blood-type personality theory （ 理论） started in Japan in 1927 when Furukawa Takejinoticed personality similarities and differences among his workers.C 选项对应原文：In the past century, a new belief has arisen: the idea that personality is related to one's ABOblood type.D选项对应原文： Researchers concluded that as the belief in the stereotypes increases, people may be changingtheir personality to follow the bold-type theory.59. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Most scientists in Asia don/t believe in the theory.B. The blood-type theory began in Japan in the 1970s.C. The blood-type personality theory is about blood type.D. People don't change their personality to match the theory.60. What is the best title for the passage?A. Is the blood-type theory popular?B. Is the personality changeable?C. Is it in your blood?D. Is it in your mind?Key WordsThe blood-type personality theoryAttitudeMost studies have failed to find any strong connection between blood and personality. Generally, scientistswarn against making predictions or important decisions based on this questionable theory.文章结构提出理论the idea that personality is related to one's ABO blood type.举例说明The blood-type personality theory （ 理论） started in Japan..The belief is still strong in Japan and is increasingly popular in neighboring countries.结论Is the belief true? The scientists in Asia largely dismiss the belief as a modern-day superstition （ 迷信） . Moststudies have failed to find any strong connection between blood and personality.第—篇文早Diet drinks may taste good, but they might not bring happiness. A new study finds that people who drinkdiet sodas or fruit drinks are more likely to be diagnosed （ 诊断） with depression.The study doesn't show that diet drinks cause depression and the researchers stress their findingsdon't provide an explanation. They looked at more than 263,900 U.S. adults ages 50 to 71 who answeredquestions about their beverage （ 饮料） consumption （ 摄入量） between the years 1995 and 1996. About 10years later （ from 2004 to 2006） , the same people were asked if a doctor had diagnosed them with depressionsince the year 2000.People who regularly drank four or more cans of any type of soda a day were 30 percent more likely tohave received a diagnosis of depression than people who did not drink soda, said Dr. Honglei Chen of theNational Institutes of Health, who led the study. The risk of depression was especially high for people who drankdiet soda - a 31 percent increased risk compared to a 22 percent increased risk for those who drank regularsoda, the researchers said.Those who drank four or more cans of diet fruit drinks were 51 percent more likely to be diagnosed withdepression compared to those who did not drink diet fruit drinks.By contrast, people who drank four or more cups of coffee a day were 10 percent less likely to have beendiagnosed with depression compared to non-coffee drinkers.The study only found an association, and did not determine （ f用定） whether diet soda or fruit drinkscaused depression. Although the researchers took into account factors that could affect the results, such as age,sex, education, smoking status, physical activity, body mass index （ BMI） and energy intake, it's possible othercircumstances, such as a family history of depression or stressful life events, could explain the association.A family history of depression and stressful life events are some of the biggest predictors of depression,said Emma Robertson-Blackmore, assistant professor of psychiatry at the University of Rochester Medical Center;who was not involved in the study. In addition, older people are more likely to experience stressful life events,including the death of a loved one, job changes or illnesses, Robertson-Blackmore said.However, the findings agree with those of a few previous studies that found a link between frequentconsumption of sweetened beverages and a higher prevalence （ 流行程度） of depression, the researchers said.（ Diet sodas and fruit drinks are sweetened, but their sweeteners contain no calories.）“More research is needed to confirm these findings, and people with depression should continue to takedepression medications prescribed by their doctors/ said Chen.56. People who drink four or more every day are the most likely to feel depressed.A. cups of coffeeB. cans of fruit drinksC. cans of diet sodaD. cans of regular soda原文：People who regularly drank four or more cans of any type of soda a day were 30 percent more likely to havereceived a diagnosis of depression than people who did not drink soda, said Dr. Honglei Chen of the NationalInstitutes of Health, who led the study. The risk of depression was especially high for people who drank dietsoda — a 31 percent increased risk compared to a 22 percent increased risk for those who drank regular soda,the researchers said.Those who drank four or more cans of diet fruit drinks were 51 percent more likely to be diagnosed withdepression compared to those who did not drink diet fruit drinks.57. The underlined phrase "took into account“ means.A. checked outB. went throughC. drew a conclusionD. paid attention to原文：The study only found an association, and did not determine ( 确定) whether diet soda or fruit drinkscaused depression. Although the researchers took into account factors that could affect the results, such as age,sex, education, smoking status, physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and energy intake, it's possible othercircumstances, such as a family history of depression or stressful life events, could explain the association.58. What can we learn from Dr. Honglei Chen's study?A. Diet drinks taste good but they don't always bring happiness.B. Drinking a lot of diet drinks regularly will lead to depression.C. There is a close connection between diet drinks and depression.D. Stressful life events can explain why people may feel depressed.原文：People who regularly drank four or more cans of any type of soda a day were 30 percent more likely to havereceived a diagnosis of depression than people who did not drink soda, said Dr. Honglei Chen of the NationalInstitutes of Health, who led the study. The risk of depression was especially high for people who drank dietsoda — a 31 percent increased risk compared to a 22 percent increased risk for those who drank regular soda,the researchers said.A family history of depression and stressful life events are some of the biggest predictors of depression, saidEmma Robertson-Blackmore59. What is the purpose of the writer writing the article?A. To find out why diet drinking leads to depression.B. To present findings on diet drinking and depression.C. To warn us against drinking diet soda or fruit drinks.D. To suggest a healthy way of drinking for a better原文："More research is needed to confirm these findings, and people with depression should continue to takedepression medications prescribed by their doctors/ said Chen.文章结构提出理论A new study finds that people who drink diet sodas or fruit drinks are more likely to be diagnosed ( 诊断) withdepression.举例说明People who drink four or more cans of diet fruit drinks every day are the most likely to feel depressed.结论“More research is needed to confirm these findings.......第匚篇文章Each year Ben is glad when school is closed on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Ben knows that this day honorsan important man, but Ben does not feel connected to him. However; the small-world theory ( 理论) connectsBen to Dr. King. Ben's mom (0) has a close friend, Amy (1). Amy's uncle, Mark (2), once met and spoke to JohnCarter (3), the son of President Jimmy Carter (4), Jimmy Carter knew Dr. King (5). In a way, Ben is only ”fivepeople awayw from Martin Luther King Jr.The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain ( 链条) ofpeople they know. Another name of this chain is degrees of separation. Each degree is a step that separates aperson from someone he or she does not know. There are zero degrees of separation between a person and thepeople he or she knows directly. This means that there are zero degrees between Ben and his mom. There isone degree of separation when just one person separates someone from a person he or she does not know. Benknows his mom, but he hasn't met her close friend Amy. Therefore, Ben is one degree away from Amy. As thechain continues, Amy's uncle, Mark, is two degrees. John Carter is three degrees, and his father is four degrees.Dr. King is five degrees away from Ben. The theory says that there are no more than six degrees of separationbetween any two people in the world.The small-world theory has a lot to do with math. The theory assumes ( 假定) that each person knows 100people. Each one of those 100 people knows 50 different people. Each of those 50 people knows another 50people, and so on. When someone continues the calculation to six degrees, it is like this: 100 x 50 x 50 x 50 x 50x 50 = 31.25 x 109. This number is greater than 31 billion (a billion = a thousand million). There are over 6billion people in the world. These numbers show it is possible that six degrees of separation could includeeveryone in the world.Does the small-world theory work? No one has ever proved it. Maybe the theory just invites people tothink a little more about their places in the world.52. Ben is two degrees away f r o m.A. Jimmy CarterB. John CarterC. AmyD. Mark原文：Therefore, Ben is one degree away from Amy. As the chain continues, Amy's uncle, Mark, is two degrees.John Carter is three degrees,53. What is the meaning of "degrees of separation" in Paragraph 2?A. The chain to connect people.B. The relations between people.C. The steps of knowing strangers.D. The separation between strangers.原文：The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain （ 链条） of peoplethey know. Another name of this chain is degrees of separation. Each degree is a step that separates a personfrom someone he or she does not know.54. What is the small-world theory mainly about?A. How far Ben is away from Dr. King.B. How many people one can get to know.C. How people are connected in the world.D. How the degrees of separation are set up.原文：The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain（ 链条） of people they know.55. We can learn from the article that.A. the small-world theory worksB. more research is needed to prove the theoryC. six degrees are needed to know the strangersD. the writer/s purpose is to help people find out their places原文：Does the small-world theory work? No one has ever proved it. Maybe the theory just invites people to thinka little more about their places in the world.文章结构提出理论The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain （ 链条） of peoplethey know.举例说明Therefore, Ben is one degree away from Amy. As the chain continues, Amy's uncle, Mark, is two degrees. JohnCarter is three degrees,结论Does the small-world theory work? No one has ever proved it.真题讲解Eleanlor Roosevelt, one of the most successful and beloved women in American history, once said that shehad one regret: she wished she had been prettier. Who hasn't felt the same way? We are all too aware of ourphysical imperfections. To overcome them, we spend billions of dollars every year-on cosmetics （ 化妆品） ， dietand plastic surgery.Why do we care so much about how we look? Because beauty is powerful. Because even when we learn tovalue people mostly for being kind and wise, we are still moved by beauty. There is simply no escape.Aristotle said, “Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction/' It's not fair; but it'strue. We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others. Attach a photograph of a beautiful author toan essay, and people w川 think that it is more creatively and more intelligently written than exactly the sameessay accompanied by the photo of a homely author.As children, beautiful people are more likely to become favorite with parents and teachers. Later, they'remore likely to get good jobs. Beautiful lawyers get more than their less attractive colleagues. Good-lookingcriminals are more likely to win the sympathy of judges and juries （ 陪审团） . These days, besides cosmetics,women and men both rely on advanced technology to improve their beauty. Special injections （ 注射） can makelips look attractively young and chemicals promise clear, glowing skin for men and women.Still, it's possible to go too far. At the end of the 19th century, some women even had ribs （ 肋骨） removedso they'd have that perfect narrow waist. Some people today have poison injected in the face to get rid ofwrinkles, even though this means that facial muscles will be unable to express certain emotions.Our sensitivity to physical beauty is not something we can control at will. We are born with it. Experimentsshowed that even babies prefer to look at attractive faces. Before they have opened up a single fashionmagazine, they are drawn to the same faces as adults have judged to be attractive.There are more important things in life than beauty. But as Nancy Etcoff says, “We have to understandbeauty, or we will always be enslaved by it." If you aim to be wise and kind and funny, it doesn't mean that youcan't try your best to look beautiful. There's no reason to feel guilty about being moved by beauty's power. Itmoves us all.47. By mentioning /zEleanlor Roosevelt^ the writer aims to.A. show people care much about their physical appearancesB. express her regret about imperfect physical conditionsC. persuade people not to pay attention to beautyD. attract people's attention to physical beauty48. Good-looking criminals are more likely to win the sympathy mainly b e c a u s e .A. the judges and juries are not fair sometimesB. beautiful people are generally better treatedC. wise lawyers mostly value people' beautyD. they tend to be creative and intelligent49. Babies are attracted to the charming faces because of.A. lack of controlB. the imitation of the adultsC. natural reactionD. the training in the experiments50. What is the main idea of the passage?A. It's not fair that beauty is accepted as an effective recommendation.B. Physically attractive people are much wiser than ordinary-looking people.C. Beauty is of great importance, although it is not the most important in life.D. A growing number of people choose advanced technology to improve appearance.做阅读文章第一步看文章标题、图片、中文提示词（ 化妆品、陪审团、注射、肋骨）做阅读文章第二步看文章后面问题，有重点的记忆47. By mentioning /zEleanlor Roosevelt”, the writer aims to.48. Good-looking criminals are more likely to win the sympathy mainly b e c a u s e .49. Babies are attracted to the charming faces because of.50. What is the main idea of the passage?做阅读文章第三步重…一文章定一一区间划……根据看一一转换重看文章Eleanlor Roosevelt, one of the most successful and beloved women in American history, once said that shehad one regret: she wished she had been prettier. Who hasn't felt the same way? We are all too aware of ourphysical imperfections. To overcome them, we spend billions of dollars every year-on cosmetics （ 化》 女品） ， dietand plastic surgery.Why do we care so much about how we look? Because beauty is powerful. Because even when we learn tovalue people mostly for being kind and wise, we are still moved by beauty. There is simply no escape.Aristotle said, “Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction/' It's not fail； but it'strue. We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others. Attach a photograph of a beautiful author toan essay, and people will think that it is more creatively and more intelligently written than exactly the sameessay accompanied by the photo of a homely author.As children, beautiful people are more likely to become favorite with parents and teachers. Later; they'remore likely to get good jobs. Beautiful lawyers get more than their less attractive colleagues. Good-lookingcriminals are more likely to win the sympathy of judges and juries （ 陪审团） . These days, besides cosmetics,women and men both rely on advanced technology to improve their beauty. Special injections （ 注射） can makelips look attractively young and chemicals promise clear; glowing skin for men and women.Still, it's possible to go too far. At the end of the 19th century, some women even had ribs （ 肋 ' 胃 '）removedso they'd have that perfect narrow waist. Some people today have poison injected in the face to get rid ofwrinkles, even though this means that facial muscles will be unable to express certain emotions.Our sensitivity to physical beauty is not something we can control at will. We are born with it. Experimentsshowed that even babies prefer to look at attractive faces. Before they have opened up a single fashionmagazine, they are drawn to the same faces as adults have judged to be attractive.There are more important things in life than beauty. But as Nancy Etcoff says, “We have to understandbeauty, or we will always be enslaved by it." If you aim to be wise and kind and funny, it doesn't mean that youcan't try your best to look beautiful. There's no reason to feel guilty about being moved by beauty's power. Itmoves us all.47. By mentioning 〃 日 eanlor Roosevelt”, the writer aims to.A. show people care much about their physical appearancesB. express her regret about imperfect physical conditionsC. persuade people not to pay attention to beautyD. attract people's attention to physical beauty原文：Eleanlor Roosevelt, one of the most successful and beloved women in American history, once said that shehad one regret: she wished she had been prettier. Who hasn't felt the same way? We are all too aware of ourphysical imperfections. To overcome them, we spend billions of dollars every year-on cosmetics （ 化妆品） ， dietand plastic surgery.Why do we care so much about how we look? Because beauty is powerful. Because even when we learn tovalue people mostly for being kind and wise, we are still moved by beauty. There is simply no escape.48. Good-looking criminals are more likely to win the sympathy mainly b e c a u s e .A. the judges and juries are not fair sometimesB. beautiful people are generally better treatedC. wise lawyers mostly value people' beautyD. they tend to be creative and intelligent原文：Aristotle said, "Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction/ It's not fair, but it's true.We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others. Attach a photograph of a beautiful author to anessay, and people will think that it is more creatively and more intelligently written than exactly the same essayaccompanied by the photo of a homely author.Good-looking criminals are more likely to win the sympathy of judges and juries （ 陪审团） .49. Babies are attracted to the charming faces because of.A. lack of controlB. the imitation of the adultsC. natural reactionD. the training in the experiments原文：Our sensitivity to physical beauty is not something we can control at will. We are born with it. Experimentsshowed that even babies prefer to look at attractive faces. Before they have opened up a single fashionmagazine, they are drawn to the same faces as adults have judged to be attractive.50. What is the main idea of the passage?A. It's not fair that beauty is accepted as an effective recommendation.B. Physically attractive people are much wiser than ordinary-looking people.C. Beauty is of great importance, although it is not the most important in life.D. A growing number of people choose advanced technology to improve appearance.文章结构引子提出理论举例说明结论一辆汽车驶进加油站为了做什么？为了驶出加油站， 驶向美好的未来!。