高二英语学案units 3-4.doc

高中二年级英语学案Units 3-4 (B2)【知识网络】一、重点词汇与短语 1．impress （1）. impress作 “铭刻” 讲时, 是及物动词. 常用于impress sth on/upon sb “使某人铭记某事物”. 例如: His words impressed themselves on my memory.他的话铭刻在我的记忆里. （2）. impress还可以表示 “给某人留下深刻印象”, 常用于被动语态. 例如: We were deeply impressed by his words.他的话给我们留下了深刻的印象. His acting impressed me as being somewhat artificial.他的演技给我的印象是有点做作. （3）. 习语: impress sb with sth.使某人牢记某事. be impressed on one’s mind/memory被印在脑海里; 留下很深的印象. （4）. 同义词: affect vt给……以印象; 影响. 2．close 与closely 的区别close 和closely 用作副词意义上有差别。

Close 是指距离、场所、地点等的“接近，靠近”，可以说是一种实际意义上的“接近”Close to有“接近，几乎，大概，差不多”的意思例如：We live close to the church.我们住在教堂附近They sat close together.他们紧挨着坐在一起He came close to losing his temper.他差一点发脾气了Closely 是指抽象意义上的“接近”，多用比喻意义，有“亲密地，严密地，仔细地”等意思例如：The secret must be closely guarded.这个秘密要严加保守He is looking at the bill closely.他正仔细地看着帐单 [拓展] 由close 和closely这种意义上的区别，我们可以很轻松地区别high和highly、wide和widely等一类词带-ly的副词往往用作抽象意义或比喻意义，而不带-ly的副词多用作实际意义例如： He threw the ball high into the air. 他把球高高地抛向空中high 是指实际意义上的“高”） They spoke highly of his behaviour. 他们高度地赞扬了他的行为。

highly 用作比喻意义“高度地”） The dentist asked me to open wide. 牙医要我张大嘴巴wide 是指实际意义的“大、阔”） He is widely read. 他博览群书widely 是指抽象意义上的“广泛地”） 3．recommend （1）. recommend作 “推荐; 介绍”解时, 是及物动词. 与to搭配, 表示 “将……推荐给……”, 与for搭配, 表示 “推荐……做……”, 与as搭配, 表示 “推荐……为……”.例如: I can recommend this dish. 我可以推荐这道菜. Will you recommend a good dictionary to me? 你能推荐(介绍)一本好字典给我吗? He will recommend you for the job. 他将会推荐你担任那项职务. I recommend her as your secretary. 我推荐她当你的秘书 （2）. recommend表示 “建议; 劝告”讲, 可以用于以下结构: recommend doing sth指 “建议/劝告做某事”: recommend sb to do, 指 “劝某人做某事”: recommend后还可加that从句, 表示 “建议……”. 例如: I recommend going by airplane 我建议搭飞机去. The doctor recommended me to take a long rest 医生劝我长期修养. He recommended that the prisoners (should) be released. 他建议释放俘虏. [注意] recommend引导宾语从句时, 从句动词需要用虚拟语气形式, 即 “ should +do”或者do. （3）. 同义词: advise/suggest vt.建议. 二、词义辨析 1．如何正确使用“offer，provide, supply”？ offer 指主动提供。

常构成“offer sb. sth.；offer sth. to/for sb.”结构 provide 提供，供应，供给（有用的或必需的物品）常构成固定结构“provide sth.(for sb.; provide sb. with sth.” supply 供应，供给（所需要或所要求的物品）常构成固定表达“supply sth. to sb.; supply sb. with sth.” [例如] The police are offering a big reward for any information about the murder. 警方悬赏一大笔赏金给提供有关这一谋杀案情况的人 The firm has provided me with a car. 公司提供给我一辆车 They supply gas to consumers. 他们向消费者供应煤气 2．although, though, as, in spite of和despite的区别 这几个词都有 “虽然, 尽管”的意思. 前三个词是连词. 而in spite of和despite是介词. （1）. although和though是从属连词, though更为常用, 而although则更为正式一些. although和though引导的句子既可以放在主句前, 也可以放在主句后面. 两者在句中经常可以互换. 例如: Although (though) he is a little child, he knows a lot. [注意]although和though引导的句子不能与but和however连用. 例如: （误）Although he is rich, but he is not happy. （正）Although he is rich, he is not happy. （2）. though引导的从句还可以用倒装语序, 即把句子中的表语, 状语提前放到句首. 而as引导的让步状语从句则必须把句子中的表语, 状语提前放到句首. 两者可以互换. 例如: Tired though （as） he was, he was still working hard. [注意]如果表语是单数名词, 提到句首时需要去掉冠词a.. 例如: Child though (as) he is, he knows a lot of knowledge. （3）. in spite of和despite是介词, 后面接名词或代词. 例如: He keeps working in spite of (despite) his illness. 他不顾有病, 坚持工作. In spite of (Despite) all this discomforts, the Curies worked on. 居里夫妇不顾一切困难, 继续工作着. 4．不同的 “表达”: illustrate, suggest, express 1．illustrate(以实物、例子、图解)说明，例证，阐明。

例如： The book was illustrated with color photographs. 这本书配上了彩色照片 Explain and illustrate the main use of the present perfect tense. 解释并举例说明现在完成时态的用法 2．suggest暗示，间接表明 例如: That girl’s sun- burned face suggests excellent health. 那个姑娘被太阳晒黑了的脸表明她身体非常健康 3．express (用语言、外表、动作)表达，明显地表示 例如： He can express himself in good clear English now after four years’ hard learning. 经过四年的艰苦学习，现在他能用清楚流畅的英语表达自己的意思了 A smile expressed her joy at the news. 微笑表达了她对这个消息的喜悦心情三、重点句型 1．Besides, no matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. 另外, 不管翻译得多好, 也会丢掉原著中的某些精神. no matter后接疑问代词或疑问副词, 引导让步状语从句, 意为 “不管……; 无论……”. 如:If that idea was wrong, the project is bound to fail, no matter how good all the other ideas might be. 2．Usually remembered for other work than their poetry are eighteenth century poets such as Pope and Johnson. 不是因为诗, 而是因其他杰作让人不能忘怀的还有18世纪的蒲柏和约翰逊等. 为了强调, 此句的语序颠倒了. 正常的语序是:Eighteenth century poets such as Pope and Johnson are usually remembered for other work than their poetry. be remembered for “因……被人怀念, 纪念或尊敬” Mr. Smith will be remembered for his generosity to the poor. 比一比 be remembered as than此处意为 “除……之外; 除……以外”, 常放在other, otherwise, else等词后. 如: I have no other friends than you. other than [常用与否定句]除了: 除……之外 You can’t get to the island other than by boat. 3．Viewed from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel and it looks just like a bird’s nest m。