D2 The Bible and Christianity.ppt

Division TwoThe Bible and ChristianityThe ContentsI. The Bible•The Old Testament•The New Testament•The Translations of the BibleII. Christianity•General Introduction•The Rise of Christianity•The Spread of ChristianityI. The Bible p.52+↓ ↓God and the laws训诫 of GodHebrews - Jewsthe doctrine教义 of Jesus ChristChristiansthe Old Testament the New Testament“Testament”agreement between God and ManThe Old Testament God and the laws of God•39 books•the oldest and most important •the first five books •Pentateuch摩西五书-53-L2–How did the world begin?–How did life come to be?–What is man?Pentateuch摩西五书 p.52•1. Ge´nesis《创世纪》•2. E´xodus《出埃及记》•3. Le´viticus《利未记》•4. Numbers《民数记》•5. Deuteronomy《申命记》1.Genesis《创世纪》the origin of the Hebrew people•Creation of the world•Creation of Man and Woman•The Fall of Man 人的堕落•Noah’s Ark 诺亚的方舟2. E´xodus《出埃及记》•Ten Commandments 十诫 – God’s LawGenesis 1 – the first day1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. …3 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. … 5 And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day. How does God create Man?Genesis 1 – Creation of Man 26 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.Genesis 2 – Creation of Man•7 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.•8 And the LORD God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed.How does God create Woman?•One of Adam’s Ribs•P. 53? Names of Man and Woman•Hebrew•Ish(man)•ishshah (of / from) (woman)•Adam •→ the dust of the ground•Eve•P. 55 →the mother of all livingGarden of Eden: Paradise What did God say to Adam and Eve?The Fall of ManKey Terms•the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil•The Forbidden Fruit•the serpent / Satan•naked•the original sinThe punishmentp.55Expulsion from ParadiseMichelangelo: Fall / ExpulsionLater Generations•Descendants of Adam and Eve•wickedness•God: “´deluge” – a flood•Noah: "righteous in his generation" •an ark – p.57•… of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep them alive with thee; they shall be male and female …Noah’s Ark 诺亚方舟诺亚方舟After the Flood p.60 pa.2•1900 B.C. Noah’s descendents in Ur•Abraham – Canaan: the Promised Land•100 years later: a drought – Egypt – slavery•1300 B.C. Moses: the Hebrew leader: to leave EgyptE´xodus《《出埃及记出埃及记》》•40 years•the Hebrews → a great nation: Israel•Mount Sinai [´sainai] (西奈山) – to receive from God message•the Ten Commandments 十戒•Joshua: back to CanaanThe Ten Commandments十诫十诫 P.61•the unique and basic commandments•N.1: the strict belief in one God•N.4: the institution of the Sabbath安息日-Sunday•(rest and worship) •the fundamental laws of the HebrewsThe New Testamentthe doctrine of Jesus ChristChristian scriptures•P.77 Pa 2•the 1st century: •disciples – Jesus’s life and teaching•the end of the 4th century: four accounts•the beginning of Christianity•Matthew 《马太福音》/ Mark 《马可福音》/ Luke 《路加福音》/ John 《约翰福音》•the birth,teaching, death and Resurrection of Jesus ChristThe New Testament•Other Parts:•The Acts of the Apostles – Luke•使徒行传•The Epistles – Paul•使徒书信•The Book of Revelation 启示录Jesus of Nazareth p.74-1,2•Palestine•a poor carpenter’s family•the reign of the first Roman Emperor Augustus •a Jew, Judaism•30, receiving baptism, preaching on his own•a revolutionary preacher and dangerous reformer•betrayal by Juda, trial and death in JerusalemJesus Christ•1. the birth•2. the temptation•3. the sermon•4. the death – the last supper•5. the crucifixion1. The Birth of Jesus Christ P.78•Mary / Joseph•Child of Holy Spirit•the trough•Christ-mas Day2. the temptation by the Devil 79•Satan: 3 Temptations•Temptation 1•in the wildernessIt is written: ‘Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.' T 2: a Pinnacle of the Temple It is written again, ‘Thou shalt not tempt the Lord, thy God.'T 3: a high mountain for it is written, ‘Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.'3. the sermon on the Mount•a collection of sayings and teachings of Jesus, which emphasizes his moral teaching •the longest piece of teaching from Jesus in the New Testament4. the Death of Jesus Christ•a revolutionary preacher and dangerous reformer•The Last Supper 81•the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot to betray him •“and ye are clean, but not all”•“He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me.”•“that one of you shall betray me.”Judas’s betrayal - Judas’s Kissthirty silver coinssuicideThe Last Supper – Leonardo da Vinci4. The Last SupperAnd as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission宽恕 of sins.a new commandment P. 835. The Cruci´fixion 十字架刑罚 •Pontius Pilate (古代罗马的犹太总督)•Jewish law 83•a crown of thorns, a purple robe,•a title on the cross – Jesus of Nazareth the King of the Jews•Friday, 13Christ on the CrossMaryMary’s sisterThe Translations of the Bible p.86•Hebrew: The Old Testament•Greek: The New Testament•Latin: the Vulgate edition: 383 – 405–the official Bible of the Roman Catholic church•English: the most important and influential – King James’ version, in 1611; 1979, the New King James BibleII. Christianity – Introduction 51•______ constitutes one of the two major components of European Culture•Judeo-Christian tradition •It was _____ which gave birth to Christianity.•the Jewish tradition – Judaism 犹太教•the ancestors of the Jews – •the Hebrews: “wanderers” – traveling merchants•The History of the Hebrews•1900 B.C. Noah’s descendent – Abraham•Canaan: the Promised Land•a drought – Egypt – slavery – Exodus---------------------------------------------------------51-2•1300 B.C. settlement in Canaan 迦南 (Palestine)•small kingdoms – the united monarchy of Israel•King David: the capital – Jerusalem•926 B.C.: two kingdoms: Israel + Judah•580 B.C.: Baby´lonian Captivity• the Persian Wars – Return to Judah•332 B.C.: Roman Conquest •The 1st Century: Roman Di´aspora离散•Destruction of The Temple圣殿 and Wailing Wall哭墙The Rise of Christianity•Birth•2000 years ago, Hebrew roots – the Jewish tradition – JudaismThe Spread of Christianity 75•the reign of the first Roman Emperor Augustus (27 BC – 14 A.D ) – Jesus Christ – Palestine – the spread of Christianity•the reign of Nero (37-65 A.D.) – St. Peter and St. Paul – the Mediterranean region•313 – Constantine the Great – the Edict of Milan 《《米兰敕令米兰敕令》》– Christianity: religious freedom / legal•392 – Theodosius the Great –Christianity: the official religion of the empirethe 4th and 5th centuries – Christianity –the dominant religion of the Mediterranean worldSaint Peter’s Basilica (Cathedral)Vatican City梵蒂冈the spiritual center of Catholicism View of St. Peter's Square from the roof Summary: Main Points•The Bible: –Genesis + Exodus–Jesus Christ (the birth, the temptation, the sermon, the death)•The Christianity: Rise and SpreadNext Lesson•D 3 The Middle Ages•Pre-Class Work•P.91-92: I. General Introduction•P.92-100: II. Manor and Church。