
外研版高中英语选修7Module4Introduction.ppt
24页Introduction,Introduction,,music,light music,folk music,classical music,jazz,gospel music,soul music,blues,a black male gospel choir,a black female soul singer,A white male singer-song writer, (accompanying himself on guitar and harmonica),A white male student jazz band,1. What is the difference between a choir and a band?,A choir is a large group of singers. A band is a small group of musicians. They play music and may also sing.,Look at the photos and answer the questions.,2. What instruments do jazz musicians play?,In the picture we can see saxophones, drums and a double bass, although other instruments, piano, trumpet, etc. are also common.,3. What’s the difference between the soul singer and the blues singer?,The woman is a black soul singer. Her music is often quite loud, and people often dance to it. The man is probably a white blues singer who is singing as well as playing a guitar and a harmonica. Blues is often quieter than soul music, and people don’t usually dance to it.,Gospel music,Soul Music,Jazz,Blues,Gospel Music:,church,southern United States,rhythmic,nineteenth century,作为被剥夺文化的奴隶,早期非洲-美国黑人认为只有教堂才是他们能抒发和抚慰在新处境里心境的地方,并通过寓言和歌唱形式传播单纯的“转世投胎”的理论,使黑人教堂在19世纪异常繁荣。
他们早期通过口耳传播非洲化的基督教圣歌,由此转化、形成了黑人精神——和谐的福音音乐(GOSPEL MUSIC)福音音乐(GOSPEL MUSIC),Read the passage and match the types of American music with their features. Some types of music have the same features as others.,Blues:,guitar, piano and harmonica,southern United States,African American,nineteenth century,布鲁斯是一种黑人民歌,以吉他或其他乐器伴奏源自黑奴的劳动歌曲,内容多表现黑人的不幸生活和、哀怨及渴望幸福的情绪最著名的布鲁斯歌手是B.史密斯,她的富有特色的演唱(包括各种滑音和颤音的运用),对早期爵土音乐风格的形成有很大影响她演唱的《圣路易斯布鲁斯》是广为流传的经典性的布鲁斯之一拉格泰姆(曾译散拍乐)是一种钢琴音乐,可能是从饼步舞(美国南方种植园中农奴们的一种舞蹈)、班卓琴曲与欧洲的舞曲、进行曲等综合、演变而来。
重要代表人物是作曲家S.乔普林,他最著名的作品是《枫叶拉格泰姆》布鲁斯音乐(blues),Jazz:,making it up as you play,using unusual rhythms,New Orleans,African American,Soul music:,sophisticated,,爵士音乐 (Jazz) 19世纪末20世纪初在美国新奥尔良发展起来的一种流行音乐其形成与发展经历了比较复杂的过程爵士乐来自非洲音乐17-18世纪,非洲黑人被贩运到北美,过着非人的奴隶生活,音乐成为他们抒发内心痛苦、寻求精神慰藉的主要工具黑人奴隶保持了非洲音乐的传统,同时又逐渐受到欧洲音乐的影响,于是产生出许多美国黑人的音乐形式,如布鲁斯、拉格泰姆、灵歌、福音歌等其中以布鲁斯和拉格泰姆对爵士乐的形成影响最为明显,它们的一些艺术特征迄今仍保留在爵士音乐中灵歌(Soul Music) 北美黑人的宗教礼拜歌曲内容大多反映黑人遭受残酷奴役、痛苦无告、只好把希望寄托在宗教上的悲惨处境用英语演唱,旋律朴素,多数为五声大调式(如么溜回去入《没有人知道我的痛苦》、《下来,可爱的马车》)或七声小调式(如《去吧、摩西》、《钉十字架》),富于切分节奏,和声近似美国基督教会的赞美诗。
由于经常即兴演唱,几乎没有定语可以遵循南北战争后,由于菲斯克大学黑人歌唱团等黑人歌手的传布,以美国最有代表性的黑人民歌闻名于世,并成为爵士音乐的重要素材北美白人演唱的民间赞美诗亦称灵歌Rap: 扣击责骂使着迷发敲击声交谈理解 也叫说唱乐 (美国人说)说唱乐在早期的时候被称作“旧式说唱乐”而其形式也总是由DJ刮擦唱片或播放连续的鼓曲从而产生多变的和节奏感极强的音乐,伴着这种音乐MC在一旁快速地,极富节奏感地用语言诠释着自己对生活的感悟或精神状态说唱乐就是这样默默地,却是极生动地开端了它发展的坎途随后,乐器的搭配上说唱乐融入了硬式摇滚吉他,第一支“硬核说唱乐(HardcoreRap)”组合Run—D.M.C.也将“hard—hittingbeats”引进了说唱乐的表现方法里,而旧式的刮擦唱片的技术也经由声音采样技术的提高和普及取而代之1. rhythm n. rhythmic adj. rhyme n./v. 韵, 押韵 play the same tune in/with a different rhythm 用不同的节奏演奏同一个曲子 She started moving to the rhythm of the music.,Language points,the rhythm of his heart 他的心跳的节律the rhythm of the tides, seasons 潮汐的涨落, 四季的循环rhyming couplets 押韵两行诗,2. sophisticated 1) 复杂的, 高级的, 精良的, 尖端的 sophisticated modern weapons 精良的现代武器2) 世故的, 老练的, 高级时髦的 sophisticated tastes 高雅的口味 sophisticate n. 老于世故的人(常做反语),3. improvise v. 1) 即兴创作, 演奏, 讲话, 表演 an improvised speech 即席的演讲 The pianist forgot his music and had to improvise. If an actor forgets his words, he has to improvise. 如果一个演员忘了台词, 他必须临时现编。
2) (临时就现有的条件)做某事 We improvised a sandpit(沙坑) for the children to play in. We improvised a dinner for the unexpected guests. 为不速之客准备晚餐4. consist of 由……组成 The committee consists of ten members. The British Parliament consists of / is composed of the House of Commons and the House of Lords.,。
