年处理25万吨轻苯加氢精制车间初步设计.doc

摘要 轻苯作为中间体产品，本身用途极为有限，仅作为溶剂使用，但是精制后的焦化苯、焦化甲苯、焦化二甲苯等产品，是有机化工、医药和农药等的重要原料，在国、国际上都有很好的市场本设计总结了国外的苯精制工艺，列出了各工艺的优缺点，选择的溶剂萃取低温加氢工艺的加氢温度、压力较低，产品质量好，已被广泛用于石油重整油、高温裂解汽油、焦化粗苯为原料的加氢生产中设计中对主要设备纯苯塔做了详细计算，对其他以及辅助设备进展了选型，同时绘制了平立面布置图、纯苯塔设备图、工艺流程图等附图，最后进展了简单的经济计算 本设计的产品有纯苯、甲苯、二甲苯、非芳烃，其中最主要的产品是纯苯、甲苯和二甲苯关键词 轻苯 加氢 精馏 苯. z.-AbstractLight benzene as the intermediate products, their use is e*tremely limited, only used as the solvent, but the product after refining coking benzene, coking benzene, coking *ylene, is an important raw material in organic chemical industry, medicine and pesticide, in the domestic, international have a very good market. The design summary of benzene refining process at home and abroad, lists the advantages and disadvantages of each process, hydrogenation temperature, pressure of solvent e*traction of low-temperature hydrogenation process selection is low, good product quality, has been widely used for the hydrogenation of reformate oil production, pyrolysis gasoline, coking benzene as raw materials in. The design of the main equipment of pure benzene tower is calculated in detail. On the other, and the au*iliary equipment selection, and draw the layout and facade, pure benzene tower equipment, process flow diagram, figure, finally calculated simple economy. The design of the products are benzene, toluene, *ylene, non aromatic hydrocarbons, the main products are benzene, toluene and *ylene.Key wordsbenzene hydrogenation distillation. z.-目 录摘要IAbstract II第1章 绪论11.1设计的目的和意义11.1.1毕业设计的目的和意义11.1.2本设计的目的和意义11.2产品的组成和成分及物性参数11.3产品的质量指标 价格 供需关系31.4设计地点，气候参数5第2章 工艺论证62.1国外工艺流线论证62.1.1粗苯加氢精制原理62.1.2粗苯加氢精制工艺62.1.3粗苯加氢精制工艺特点102.2主要设备论证 类型确实定122.2.1填料萃取塔122.2.2筛板萃取塔122.2.3脉冲筛板萃取塔132.2.4往复筛板萃取塔132.2.5转盘萃取塔及偏心转盘萃取塔142.3萃取剂选择的依据142.4结论15第3章 工艺详述163.1本设计选择的工艺163.1.1工艺原理163.1.2工艺流程163.2工艺参数列表17第4章 工艺计算194.1总物料衡算194.2纯苯塔的设计计算204.2.1计算数据204.2.2塔的物料衡算234.2.3气液负荷计算284.2.4精馏塔塔体尺寸计算334.2.5塔的工艺构造尺寸的设计与计算344.2.6塔板布置及浮阀数目与排列364.2.7塔板流动性能校核384.2.8塔板负荷性能图434.2.10纯苯塔热量衡算484.2.11塔的机械设计514.3设备一览表53第5章 设备布置575.1设备布置原则575.1.1满足生产工艺要求575.1.2符合经济原则575.1.3符合平安生产要求575.1.4良好的生产操作585.1.5便于安装与检修585.2几种设备布置的具体方式585.2.1塔的布置585.2.2反响器的布置595.2.3冷换设备的布置59第6章 非工艺局部616.1车间布置〔土建要求〕616.1.1厂址选择的根本原则616.1.2拟定选厂指标626.1.3总平面布置的要求636.2供水656.2.1循环冷却水系统656.2.2新鲜冷却水系统656.2.3软水配置656.2.4生活饮用水系统666.2.5排水系统666.3供电666.4采暖通风666.5劳动定员66第7章 经济效益分析687.1投资估算687.1.1建立费用687.1.2设备费用697.1.3转让、培训及试车费用727.1.4不可预见费727.1.5固定资产投资737.1.6建立期利息〔一年计)737.1.7固定资产总投资737.1.8铺底流动资金737.1.9工程总投资737.2年总本钱核算747.2.1单耗747.2.2能耗747.2.3加工费757.2.4设备维护折旧费757.2.5车间本钱767.2.6工厂管理费767.2.7工厂本钱767.2.8销售费用777.2.9销售本钱777.2.10年销售税金〔按17%计税，考虑抵扣项则为5-10%〕777.2.11年销售利润〔毛利〕777.2.12年所得税777.2.13年纯利润777.3经济效益分析787.3.1投资回收期〔静态/年〕787.3.2投资利润率787.3.3投资利税率78结论79致80参考文献81. z.-catalogue窗体顶端窗体底端Chapter 1 Introduction11.1The purpose and significance of design11.1.1The purpose and significance of graduation11.1.2The purpose and significance of this design11.2position and physical parameters of the product11.3Quality indicators of supply and demand price of the product31.4Design Location Climate parameters5Chapter 2 Technology Demonstration62.1Domestic and process streams Demonstration62.1.1Crude benzol hydrogenation principle62.1.2Crude benzene hydrogenation process62.1.3Crude benzol hydrogenation process characteristics102.2Major equipment demonstration Determination of the type122.2.1Packed e*traction column12 Perforated-plate e*traction tower122.2.3Pulsed sieve plate e*traction column132.2.4Reciprocating plate e*traction column132.2.5Rotating disccontactor (RDC) and eccentric rotating disc contactor (ARDC)142.3Based e*tractant selected142.4The conclusion15Chapter 3 Described in detail Process163.1This design choice process163.1.1Process principles163.1.2The process163.2The process parameter list17Chapter 4 Technological Calculation194.1Total material balance194.2Design calculations of pure benzene column204.2.1Calculate data204.2.2Material balance of tower234.2.3Load Calculation of Gas-liquid 284.2.4Distillation tower Size Calculation334.2.5Design and calculation The process of the tower structure size344.2.6Tray arrangement and the number of float valve arrangement364.2.7Flow tray performance check384.2.8Tray load performance chart434.2.10The tower heat balance of pure benzene 484.2.11Tower of mechanical design514.3Equipment List53Chapter 5Equipment Layout 575.1Principles of arrangement 575.1.1To meet the production process requirements 575.1.2In line with the principles of economy 575.1.3Meet the safety requirements 575.1.4Favorable manufacturing practices 585.1.5For easy installation and mainte。