阅读长难句分析.doc

1. 破折号分开主谓特点：主语+前破折号+解禅说明的内容+示破折号+谓语+其他例句：Continued sedimentation—the process of deposits' settling on the sea bottom—buries the organic matter and subjects it to higher temperatures and pressures, which convert the organic matter to oil and gas-分析： 主语：Continued sedimentation谓语：buries and subjects主T•: Continucd sedimentation buries the organic matter and subjects it to higher temperatures and pressures, which convert the organic matter to oi1 and gas.2. 插入语分开主谓特点：主语+逗号+插入内容+逗号+谓语+其他例仙 Tn addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, 1 ike huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Ein arsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.分析： 主语：Arthur Einarsen谓语:found主干：In addition to fin ding an increase of suitable browse, Arthur Einarsen found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.1. Totally without light and subjected to in tense pressures hun dreds of times greater than at the Earth" s surface, the deep一ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.（定语后逍in some ways…）由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表而人数百倍的极人压力，深海底部对人类而言 是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。

分句 1： Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures分句 2： hundreds of times greater than at the Earth" s surface分句 3： the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans分句 4： in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space分句2修饰分彳U 1结尾的短语intense pressures,分句1是分句3的原因状语分句3是整个长句子的主句分句4是分句3的后置定语,修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans整个句子结构是：原因状语+主句+后置定语这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句句子的核心意 思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的坏境2. Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country"s impressivepopulation growth.（倒装结构 Basic to any understanding・・・is…）要理解二战之示20年中的加拿人，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。

分句 1： Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the SecondWorld War分句2： is分句 3： the country，s impressive population growth分句1, 2, 3共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是3, 2, 1,即：该句的正常语序是The country" s impressivepopulation growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War.本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.3. As a result, claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease orprovides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.（同位语从句claims that…）结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些 民间说法的基础。

分句 1： that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or providesother benefits to health分句 2： claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore分句2嵌套分句b分句1作为分句2主语的同位语从句嵌套在分句2中因此本句的 主句是 claims havebecome widely publicized and form the basis for folklore-那些观点广为人知, 并成为一些民间说法的基础同位语从句是 that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease orprovides other benefits to health：只食川绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康4. There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilizedeggs are nutriti on ally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and thelike.（并列同位语从句reports that…，that…,that…）关于天然维生素优于人造维生素，受精蛋比未受精蛋的营养价值更高，未经熏蒸消毒处 理的谷物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜，但都没有得到证实。

分句 1： There are numerous unsubstantiated reports2分句2： natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones分句 3： that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs 分句 4： that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like 分句1是整个长句的主句，分句2、分句3和分句4是并列关系，共同构成分句1的同 位语从句本句的意思是有很多没有经过证实的报道，然后并列了三个未经过证实的报道的从句5 • The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in theNorth, though less spectacularly.（同位语从句fact that…）南方极为严重的困境使北方同样需要开始重建（尽管不像南方那么引人注口）这一事实 显得不太重要。

分句 1. The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact分句 2. reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North分句 3. though less spectacularly （省略）1和2嵌套1和3并列6 • The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of realestate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl.(宾语从句 what we now know as)现在可以获得这些坏绕几乎每个大城市边缘地区的土地，这一可能性激发了一场房地产 开发的热潮并造成了我们现在称为城区无计划扩展的现象分句 1： The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion ofreal estate development and fueled分句 2： what we now know as urban sprawl分句1恢套分句2,即分句1是主句，分句2是宾语从句，主句结构经过精简应该是The new accessibilityof land sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled urban sprawlo 本句的理解困难还來白于抽象词fuel,它作为名词的含义广为人知，是能源、燃料， 作为动词的时候的意思就可以引中为促使、造成。

7. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration ofpregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very cl。