(完整版)人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习.pdf

1 Grammar 宾语从句与表语从句 名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词， 因此 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语 主语从句： Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句： I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句： The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句： The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词 (不充当从句的任何成分 )：that ,whether ,if 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词： when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 请对应写出句子成分 I know him. （ ）（） （） I know who he is. （ ） （）（） 请用横线画出下面句子的宾语从句部分。

1、I know him. 2、Do you have the time? 3、I think that she is beautiful. 4、Why don t you pay attention to me? 总结： 宾语通常位于谓 _____________ 或者_____________ 后 一、宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后 句子结构：主句+连词 (引导词 )+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 2 连接词 +主语+谓语+其他成分 练习： 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词 (不充当从句的任何成分 )：that ,whether ,if 1） 、 I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2） 、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 注： 1、由 that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel 等动词后。

连词 that 只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的 成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是 在笔试中 例：I told him that he was wrong. 2、 用 it 做形式宾语的宾语从句时， it 常可以放在动词 think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语， 而真正的宾语 that从句则放在句尾）（此时 that 一定不可 以省略） I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. We heard it that she would get married next month. 3、that从句位于句首时， that 不可省略 That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe. 4、if 和 Whether 的区别 1） 、由 连词 if、 whether 引导的表示 “ 是否” 的宾语从句 Whether,if 在从句中不做句 子的成分，一般情况下， whether和 if 可以替换。

例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. 2） 、下面几种情况只能用whether 和不定式连 (whether to do sth.) 用作宾语时不用 if 引导. 3 例：Whether to go there hasn t been decided. They asked me whether to go shopping. 宾语从句中有 or not 时不用 if 引导. 例：I dont know whether the star will come or not. 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if 引导 例：I m thinking of whether we should go fishing. 宾语从句提前时： 例：Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 练习： 1. I asked her _____________ she had a bike. 2. Were worried about __________ he is safe. 3. I wonder ______________ he is well. 4. I dont know ___________ or not he is well. 5. I dont know __________ to go. 2、连接代词和连接副词 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why 因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不 可省略。

Do you know what he said just now? I don t remember when we arrived. I asked him where I could get so much money. Please tell me who (whom) we have to see. 练习： 1. Wang Hai told me _______ he didnt go hiking yesterday afternoon. （how, why） 2. Can you tell me ________ else is going to be on duty today?（who, whom） 3. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who） 4. They dont know _________ we are going hiking. (when, what) 5. I dont know ________ so many people crowding round him. (how, why) 6. Do you know ________ shirt it is? (whose, whos) 三、时态 1. 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定 I know that he lives here. I know that he lived here ten years ago. I have heard that he will come tomorrow. 2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相 4 对应的过去的某种时（一般过去时，过去进行时,过去将来时，过去完成时） I knew who lived here. I saw that she was talking with her mother. He said that his father had gone to Beijing. 3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。

He told the boy that three and three is six. He told me that the earth moves around the sun. 练习：单项选择 1. The young man asked _____ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2. We dont know ______ they did it. A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time. A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not. A. if B. where C. whether D. that 5. Could you show me ________ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 6. Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 7. My sister told him ________ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live 8. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _______. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long ________? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a mem。