郑大笔译真题11-18英语基础.pdf
34页
2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题学科、专业：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语(A) 考试科目代码：211答案一律写在考点统一发的答题纸上，否则无效LVocabulary and Grammar(30%)Below each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choosethe ONE answer that best completes each sentence.1 .Physics is the present-day equivalent of used to be called natural philosophy,from most of present-day science developed.A.which,what B.which,whichC. what,which D.what,that2 .The reason why he was accused and put into prison,as i t , wa s that he wasinvolved in a lot of illegal activities during the war.A.was turned out B.being turned outC.was being turned out D.turned out3 .,it is generally accepted as a favorite color for the wedding gown.A.Unpopular has as white beenB.White has been an unpopular colorC.Unpopular has been as white0.Unpopular ans white has been4 .Despite the threat of war,most people their work and life as usual.A.go for B.go afterC.go about D.go at5 .The jewelry shop was reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight lastnight.A.to have been robbed B.having robbedC.having been robbed D.to be robbed6 .She has to find a new apartment to live in, for she cannot the loud musiccoming from the room upstairs every night.A.come up with B.catch up withC.put up with D.keep up with7 .You cannot eat those apples they are not ripe yet.A.provided that B.lestC.as long as D.only if8 .Being in no great h u r r y , .A.did we take the long but scenic route.B .we took the long but scenic route.C.the long bur scenic route was our preference.D.our preference was taking the long but scenic route.9. The speaker was clever enough to wander from his topic to on a point thathad obviously caught his audience's attention.A.emphasize B. interruptC.elaborate D.introduce 10.When you take the medicine, be careful not to the recommended highestamount printed on the bottle.A.excel B.exceedC. surpas s D .overtake11 .Shortly after the earthquake, the local government began to food, clothing,and other daily necessities among those people who had lost their homes.A.distribute B.contributeC.attribute D.tribute12 .Fresh out of college, the young man is ready to take heavy responsibilitiesto improve himself in the shortest time possible.A.out B.onC.in D. after13 .We advise you to take a larger size for this cotton T-shirt as it is likely towhen it is washed.A.shrink B.decreaseC.decline D.withdraw14 .The seating for the new auditorium is 5000.A.ability B.capabilityC.capacity D.quantity15 .Danny left this message on my answering machine： ”I must see you. Meetme at seven o'clock."Did he mean early in the morning or in the evening ? I ampuzzled.A.contradictory B.ambiguousC.explicit D.considerate16 .The singers in this band are planning to go on a national tour to their newalbum.A.propose B .enhanceC .pro mote D .expand17 .Ever since the death of his wife, the lonely old man considered the loyal dog hisc l o s e s t .A.companion B .accompanyC.company D.peer18 .Human behaviors are a product of learning, the behavior of animalsdepend mainly on this instinct.A.otherwise B .neverthelessC. whereas D.unless19 .1n China it is quite common for the hostess to her way to entertain thevisiting relatives and guests.A.go out of B.go in fbrC.go with D.go back on2O .The annual fee fbr this medical club is , covering all the medicalexaminations, consultation and other services.A.Indicative B. indefiniteC.intensive D.inclusive 2 1.It is no good about the current situation. Why not try to work out a solutionto these problems ?A.to complain B.complainC.complaining D.complained22 .What the rising housing price and increasingly fierce competition in suchcities as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, many college graduates decided to goback to their hometowns to settle down.A.with B.forC.of D.if23 .1 was greatly surprised to know that these tow lovers had already with eachother and lived separately.A.broken out B .broken downC.broken off D.broken up24 .The interviewer managed to speak friendly in order that interviewees can feelA.at large B.at lengthC.at best D.at ease25 .He is learned and professor and earns all the students9admiration and love.A.respectful B.respectableC.respective D.respecting26 .come you can be so careless? Next time, do be careful with your work.A.Why B.WhatC.If D.How27. 1f you really want to lose some weight, it is advisable fbr you the intake ofmeat and sweets.A.cut in B.cut down onC.cut for D.cut up28 .As the plane will not take off until one hour later, we grab some food to eatin the snack bar at the airport.A.as well B.must as wellC.might as well D.should as well29 .Tom,s to his twin brother always made his friends mistook them for oneanother.A.resemblance B.reluctanceC.resistance D.reassurance3O .Many sports fans stayed up late to watch the broadcast of the World Cup.A.alive B.liveC.living D.livelyILReading Comprehension(40 %)Section A: Multiple Choice (30%)There are three passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questionsor incomplete sentences.Choose the ONE answer that best answers thequestion or complete sentences. Passage 1When we analyze the salt salinity of ocean waters, we find that it varies onlyslightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are of greatimportance. There are three basic processes that give rise to a change in oceanicsalinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means ofevaporation—conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity isincreased, since the salt stays behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, whitesalt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use isactually obtained.The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water isadded to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased.This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow intothe ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation,or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity issomewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as muchevaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity issomewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formationand melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are leftbehind.. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a highersalinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tendto decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctic,the densest water in the ocean is formed as aresult of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavywater sinks and is found in the deeper portion of the oceans of the world.l.What does the passage mainly discuss?A. the analysis of the salinity of ocean watersB. the importance of the changes in oceanic salinityC. the causes of the variation in oceanic salinityD. the different forms of salts in ocean waters2.I n the first paragraph the underlined word "conversion^most probably meansA.adaption B .transformationC.continuation D.subtraction3 .A 11 of the following processes decrease salinity except .A.evaporation B.precipitationC.runofif D.melting4 . What can be inferred about the water near the bottom of oceans?Alt is relatively warmB.It contains a large amount of saltC.It is formed by melting sea ice D.It does not move muchPassage 2People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by theprospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.In the years following 1820, after several decades of relative stability, the economyentered a period of sustained and extremely rapid growth that continued to the end ofthe nineteenth century. With a growth came a structural change that featuredincreasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force fromagriculture to manufacturing and other non-agricultural pursuits.Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenthand early nineteenth century, the population roughly doubled every generation duringthe rest of the nineteenth century. As the population grew, its makeup also changed.Massive waves of immigration brought new ethnic groups into the country.Geographic and social mobility — downward as well as upward — touched almosteveryone. Local studies show that nearly three -quarters of the population ---in theNorth and South, in the emerging cities of the Northeast, and in the restless ruralcounties of the West—changed their residence each decade. As a result, historianDavid Donald has written, "Social atomization affected every segment of society/and it seemed to many people that "all the recognized values of orderly civilizationwere gradually being eroded.Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth centuryhad special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify socialdistinctions. As the roles of men and women played in society became more rigidlydefined, so did the roles they played in the home. In the context of extremecompetitiveness and dizzying social change, the household lost many of its earlierfunctions and the home came to serve as a haven of tranquility and order. As the sizeof families decreased, the roles of husband and wife became more clearlydifferentiated than ever before. In the middle class especially, men participated in theproductive economy while women ruled the home and served as the custodians ofcivility and culture. The intimacy of marriage that was common in earlier periods wasbroken, and a gulf that at times seemed unbridgeable was created between husbandsand wives.5 .What does the passage mainly discuss?A. the economic development of the United States in the eighteenth century.B. ways in which economic development led to social changes in the United States.C. population growth in the western United States.D. the increasing availability of industrial jobs for women in the United States.6 .According to the passage,the economy of the United States between 1820s and 1900wa s .A.expanding B.on sharp declineC. unsteady D.disorganized 7.As the nineteenth century progressed,the people of the United StatesA.emigrated to other countries to seek better jobsB.often settled in the restless rural countries of the westC.tended to be mobile and constantly change the place in which they livedD.had a higher rate of birth than ever before8.In the second paragraph,the underlined word “eroded'can best be replaced by whichof the following words?A.maintained B.strengthenedC .integrated D .weakened9.According to the passage, which of the following is true?A.Economic development exerted no influence on the roles men and women playedin their homes.B.Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility tended to increase thesocial distinctions.C.The home ceased to function as a quiet and safe place when social changeoccurred in the nineteenth century.D.Both husband and wives went out to work,increasing the stability and intimacy oftheir relationship.Passage 3As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth-centuiy North American Colonies,the silversmith and the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it. Only a fewsilversmiths were available in New York or Boston in the late seventeenth century, butin the eighteenth century they could be found in all major colonial cities. No othercolonial artisans rivaled the silversmiths9 prestige. They handled the most expensivematerials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Theirproducts, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testifiedto their customers9 prominence.Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time before neighborhoodbanks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articles werereadily identifiable. Often formed to individual specifications, they always carried thesilversmith9 s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved.Customers generally secured the silver for the silver object they ordered. They savedcoins, took them to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmithscomplied with these requests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit ofcopper to form a stronger alloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. Theyhammered these ingots to the appropriate thickness by hand, shaped them and presseddesigns into them for adornment. Engraving was also done by hand. In addition toplates and bowls, some customers sought more intricate products, such as silverteapots. These were made by shaping or casting parts separately and then solderingthem together. Colonial coppersmithing also come of age in the early eighteenth century andprospered in northern cities. Copper9 s ability to conduct heat efficiently and to resistcorrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it was expensive in colonialAmerica, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copper worked bySmiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copper wasused for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employedit to fashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner assilver or melted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to makebrass for maritime and scientific instruments.10.According to the passage, which of the following eighteenth-century developmentshad strong impact on silversmiths?A. a decrease in the cost of silver.B. the lack of existence of neighborhood banks.C. the growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants.D. the development of new tools used to shape silver.11 .The underlined word "exalted^in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning toA.unusual B.differentC.suspicious D.superior12.1n colonial America, where did silversmiths usually obtain the material to makesilver articles?A. From customers.B. From importers.C. From other silversmiths.D. From the mine.13 .The underlined word “ingots"in Paragraph 3 refers toA.coins that people savedB.blocks of silver mixed with copperC.tools used to shape silver platesD.casts in which parts of silver article can be shaped14 . According to the passage, silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America weresimilar in which of the following ways?A. The amount of social prestige they had.B. The way they shaped the metal they worked with.C. The cost of the goods they made.D. The practicality of the goods they made.15.Based on the information in Paragraph 4,which of the following was probably trueabout copper in the colonies?A.The copper used by colonists was far from effective in conducting heatB.The copper was abundant in supplyC.The copper from the mine could be exported as sheetsD.The copper items created by colonial coppersmiths were not skillfully made .Section B. Answering Questions(10%) There is only one passage in this part.Read the passage carefully and answer thefollowing questions in accordance with the passage.When formulating business decisions, Japanese business do not depend only on theopinions of a few at the top of the company; rather, reliance is placed on the opinionsof opinions of everyone, at all levels. In the United states business people are skilledat handling strong disagreements in meetings. The Japanese , on the other hand, areadroit at avoiding such confrontations.The Japanese business person tries to create a situation in which all people presentfeel comfortable. Only in such an atmosphere of harmony are decisionsmade.Consensus decision-making, a process by which action is taken only aftereveryone is in agreement, is an important part of Japanese business practices. Themajority of people in Japan are literate. Because most people are able to readnewspapers and magazines, they generally have opinions on most important matters.In addition, they are quite articulate and therefore able to state their ideas clearly totheir superiors.People are more likely to change jobs in the United States than they are in Japan.There are several possible explanations for the greater job stability n Japan in contrastto the great job mobility in the United States. The Japanese are often exasperated bythe seriousness with which Americans approach time limits. Similarly, Americans areoften impatient with the Japanese seeming lack of concern for deadlines. BecauseJapanese workers willingly stay after hours to finish work, they are well known fortheir dedication to their company. In return, some Japanese firms offer theiremployees company-paid health insurance. Unlike the United states, where manydifferent nationalities make up the population, Japan's population is quitehomogeneous.Use your own words while answering Marks will be reduced if the same words arecopied from the article.1 .According to the article, who are involved in making business decisions in Japan ?2.What does the word Consensus mean by context ?3 .How are the Japanese and the Americans different in their altitudes towarddeadlines ?4 .What is the Japan's population made up of compared with that of the United States ?IH.Writing (30%)In this section, you are supposed to write a passage about 400 words on thefollowing topic.My View on Internet as a Double-edged Sword. 2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题学科、专业：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语( B 卷) 考试科目代码：211答案一律写在考点统一发的答题纸上，否则无效LVocabulary and Grammar(30 points)Part A: Multiple Choice(20 points, 1 point each)Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write thecorrect answer on your Answer Sheet.l.The local government leaders are making every effort to the problem ofpoverty.A. remove B.abolishC.confront D.tackle2 .1f you are unable to understand a word while reading,you should look for cluesto help you before turning to a dictionary.A.transient B .promisingC.contextual D.casual3 .The of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical outgrowth of some physicalaspect in the life-style of the people.A.display B .manifestationC.exhibition D.manipulation4 .The main responsibility of the executive branch is to see that all citizenswith the law.A.adhere B.accordC.abide D.comply5 .The magician picked several persons from the audience and asked them to helphim with the performance.A.by accident B.on occasionC.at random D.on average6 .Communication is the process of a massage from a source to an audience viaa channel.A.switching B .transformingC.transmitting D.submitting7 .More than one third of the Chinese in the United States live in California inSan Francisco.A.exceptionally B.absolutelyC.permanently D. predominantly8 .One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical work hadbeen with the theoretical aspects of the subject.A.alternated B .adjustedC .integrated D. embraced9.1t was found that the diet of older people is often in vitamins.A.deficient B. short C.inadequate D.failing10.With all its advantages,the computers is by no means without its A.boundaries B.restraints C.confinements D. limitations11.Because he was very hungry,he ate a amount of the homemade bread.A.prodigious B. moderate C.slight D.tiny12 .A lot of people think that he his father .A.takes over B.takes out on C.takes after D.takes in13 .Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication theadvertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A.in which B.in order that C.in that D.in the way14 .His extreme nervousness his ability to speak in front of large groups ofpeople.A.initiated B. impeded C. accelerated D. fostered15 .The city officials called for an immediate to determine the causes of theaccident.A.inspection B.check C.scan D.scrutiny16 .The greater the population there is in l o c a l i t y , f o r water,transportation,anddisposal of refuse.A.the great need B.greater needC.is there great need D.the greater the need there17 .When choosing a job,don't be by false promises of future high earnings.A.affected B.swayed C .judged D.effected18 .Daniers hometown is about twenty miles the east of Chicago.A.in B.by C.on D.to19.1 n general,matters which lie entirely within state borders are the concern ofstate governments.A.extinct B.excluding C.exclusive D.excessive2O.The energy gained from the sun can then be used during the night to enable thenecessary chemical reactions to in his body.A. progress B. proceed C.conduct D.practicePart B:Error Correction(10 points/ point each)Identity one error in each numbered sentence, write out the error and give the correctword(s)on the Answer Sheet.Some people even feel very nervous when they fly in airplanes. No matter how hardthey try, they cannot lower their anxiety. (l)Some of them enjoy talking about theirfears while other resent to be asked to discuss their personal feelings.Many are awarethat they feel anxious⑵ but only a few are conscious that the way they express theirtension. (3)Some people try to hide their nervous;they try to disguise their anxietyby telling jokes.Others become loud and aggressiv已© attacking people by makinghim the target of cruel jokes.(5)Sometimes making someone else the joking stuff is an attemd to controllingone's own fbars- to master anxiety. (6)A number of factors must take into accountin explaining why some people have a fear of flying: early childhood experiences, general sense of security, fear of heights, trust in others, percentage of alcohol inblood, etc. But the crucial factor seems to be a feeling of no control.(7)Usually, we are unable to suppress our feelings so that they do not affect ourbehavior. By smiling foolishly and talking loudly, (8)we may succeed to repress therising feeling of fear so that it does not affect the way we behave.Most of us learn very young in life to control basic drives such as sex,hunger,andaggression.⑼Sometimes the tension produced by our fears is very great that wecannot suppress it.At such time,(10)we need to discharge the tension by laugh andcrying.ILReading Comprehension(40 points)Part A:Read the following three passages,and choose the correct answers fromthe four choices given and then write it on the answer sheet.(30points,2 points each)Passage OnePeople have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors areformed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, orwhy one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions.They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certainbehaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on thematter have been developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are verydifferent from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents ofeach theory. The controversy is often referred to as nature/nurture .Those who support the "naturen side of the conflict believe that our personalitiesand behavior, patter, ns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors. Thatour environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, andbehavior, is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that ourbehavior, is predetemiined to such a degree that we are almost completely governedby our instincts.Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists claimedthat our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts indetermining how we will act. A behaviorist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beingswhose behavior, is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists*view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines,humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of the behavior.Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quitelikely that the key to our behavior, lies somewhere between these two extremes. Thatthe controversy will continue for a long time is certain.1 .Which of the following statements would supporters of "nurture^theory agree with? A.Behavior theory is not correct.B.Environment has little to do with behavior.C.A person character is greatly influenced by his environment.D.Biologically based instincts are important in how we act.2 .Which of the following statements would proponents of the "nature^theory agreewith?A.Biological reasons have a strong influence on how we act.B.The behaviorists\iew correctly explains how we act.C.A person's instincts have little effect on his actions.D.Environment is important in determining a person's behavior and personality.3 .According to the passage,B.F.SkinnerA.believes instincts govern behavior.B.supports the nature theory.C.believes in the importance of genes in determining character.D.thinks the environment plays an important role in determining character.4 .Concerning the nature/nurture controversy,the writer of this articleA.supports the nurture theory.B.supports the nature theory.C.thinks that the correct explanation of human behavior will take from both theories.D.believe both are completely wrong.5.In the United States,Black people often score below White people on intelligencetests.With this in mind,which one of the following statements is not true?A.Nurture proponents would disagree that Blacks are biologically inferior to Whites.B.Supporters of the nature theory would say Whites score well because they have asuperior environment.C.Behaviorists would say that Blacks often lack the educational and environmentaladvantages that Whites enjoy.D.Nature proponents would say that Whites are genetically superior to blacks.Passage TwoFried foods have long been frowned upon. Nevertheless, the frying pan is abouthandiest and most useful piece of kitchen equipment.People engaged in active laborrequiring 4,000 calories per day or more will take approximately one third of theirrations prepared in this fashion. Meat, eggs, and French toast cooked in this way areserved in millions of homes daily. Apparently the consumers are not beset with moresigns of indigestion than afflict（ 使痛苦）those who insist upon broiling, roasting, orboiling. Some years ago one of our most eminent physiologists investigated thedigestibility of fried potatoes. He found that the pan variety was more easily brokendown for assimilation （ 吸4攵、1肖化）than when deep fat was employed. The latter,however, dissolved within the alimentary tractG肖化道）more readily than the boiledtype. Furthermore, he learned, by watching the progress of the contents of the stomach by means of the fluoroscope, that fat actually accelerated the rate ofdigestion.Now all this is quite in contrast with "authority." Volumes have been written onnutrition, and everywhere the dictum has been accepted- no fried edibles of any sortfor children. A few will go so far as to forbid this style of cooking wholly. Now andthen an expert will be bold enough to admit that he uses them himself, the absence ofdiscomfort being explained on the ground that he possesses a powerful gastricapparatus. We can of course sizzle（ 煎炒）perfectly good articles to death so that theywill be leathery and tough. But thorough heating, in the presence of shortening, is notthe awful crime that it has been labeled. Such dishes stimulate rather than retardcontractions of the gall bladder. Thus it is that bile（ 胆汁）mixes with the nutrimentshortly after it leaves the stomach. We don't need to allow our foodstuffs to becomeoil soaked, but other than that, there seems to be no basis for the widely heraldedprohibition against this method. But notions become fixed. The first condemnationprobably arose because an "oracle” suffered from dyspepsia（ 消化不良）which heascribed to some fried item on the menu. The theory spread. Others agreed with him,and after a time the doctrine became incorporated in our textbooks. The belief is nowtradition rather than proved fact. It should have been refuted long since, as experiencehas demonstrated its falsity.6 . This passage focuses on.A. why fried foods have long been frowned upon.B. the digestibility of fried foods.C. Why the frying pan is a handy piece of kitchen equipment..D. how the experts can mislead the public in the area of food preparation.7 .The author5main idea isA.fried foods have long been rejected by people.B .contrary to popular opinion,fried foods are more easily assimilated than broiledfoods.C.fried foods are more easily digested than broiled or boiled foods.D.despite the traditional condemnation of fried foods,they are easily digested asfoods cooked in other ways.8. Apparently much fried food is eaten b e c a u s e .A. it is easily digested.B. it betters one's state of health.C.people engaged in active labor need a certain amount of calories.D. it is easily prepared9.The author draws a conclusion that the publicA.should deep fry foods.B.should avoid fried foods if possible.C.should prepare some foods by frying.D.should cook all foods by frying. 10. When the author says that an "oracle suffered from dyspepsia which has ascribedto some fried item on the menu"， he is beingA. humorousB. bitterC. SarcasticD. factualPassage ThreeIntensive requirement,rather than content,distinguish mastery-level courses fromundergraduate courses in British Commonwealth or European universities.First-yearAmerican graduate students are,in a sense,catching up.Yet they are also learning towork under more pressure than undergraduates in the United States of elsewhere.It is not quite accurate to equate first-year graduate study with the master'sdegree program,for many students bypass the master's -degree;in addition,mostmaster's programs require more than a year's work and more than course work.Theycan be equated in their purpose:to acquaint the student with the literature,the currentideas,the methodologies,etc,of his or her field.The first year of graduate study is bestcharacterized,then,as a reading program.All in all, the master's program is less easily defined than undergraduate curricula.Thenumber of residence credits may be effectively determined by an accrediting agencyand will vaiy from field to field.In some curricula(e.g. Clinical psychology ),amandatory internship or practical training leads to 2 to 3 years of study,whereas anM.B.A.may be completed in 18 months.The final requirement in a master's programmay be a thesis,a comprehensive exam,or both ,or course papers collected and boundas a thesis-substitute,There may or may not be a foreign language requirement.The master's degree itself may be defined as a certificate of competence in areasonably specialized field.We may note here that many American educators opposenarrow specialization at master9s and even at doctoral level;they complain of highlytrained engineers who know nothing of the the social sciences,of physicians whodon't understand human psychology,and of literature Ph.D/s who are ignorant ofscience.Effective graduate education,in this view, is the process of learning to finddata,to evaluate it,and to organize it meaningfully.11 .First-year American graduate studentsA.are catching us with European UniversitiesB.are enduring much less pressure than beforeC.are catching up with undergraduates elsewhereD.are learning to work under more pressure than undergraduates12.lt is suggested in the passage thatA.the first year graduates read a lotB.the first year graduates are just having course workC.the first year graduates reading English literatureD.the first year graduates are working fbr the master's degree 13.1n order to get an M.B.A.,you mustA.study 2 or 3 yearsB.study a foreign languageC.study 18 monthsD.have internship or practical training14.1 n order to get a master's degree in America,one of the following tasks is requiredEXCEPTA.a comprehensive exam B.a course summary C.course papers D.a thesis15.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.American educators complain of literature Ph.D/s who are ignorant of science.B.American educators complain of highly trained engineers who don't knowanything about social science.C.American educators complain of the physicians who don't understand humanpsychology.D.American educators complain of the graduate education, which is the process oflearning to find data,to evaluate it ,and to organize it meaningfully.Part B:Short-answer Questions(10 points,2 points each )Read the following passage,and then answer the question on the answer sheet.Our school system has developed as it has because the American people valueeducation highly.Some of the traditional values which have developed over the yearsare： ?1 .Public education should be free.There should be no hidden charges to preventany citizen from receiving a good education at the public expense.?2 .Schooling should be equal and open to all.No one should be treated badlybecause of race,religion,or financial question.?3 .The public schools should be free of any belief or religion.The schools of theUnited States are open to all Americans regardless of their religious beliefs.TheSupreme Court has held that no special prayer or Bible reading shall berequired.However,religious schools are permitted outside of the public school system.4 .Public schools are controlled by the states and local governments within whichthey lie.Local school boards run the public schools under laws passed by the statelegislature.The State Board of Education helps the local schools,but does not giveorders to the district board.The United States Office of Education also helps withadvice and information,but the actual control lies in the local school district,where thepeople know the local situation.?5 .Attendance at school is compulsory. Parents cannot decide to keep theirchildren out of school.Each state enforces the attendance of young people,usuallybetween the age of 7 and 16.6 .Schooling should be enriched and not just limited to the basic rules.MostAmericans believe that schools should be places where young people can grow in body,mind and spirit.Athletics,clubs,social events and creative arts are a part of eachperson's education.Schools should be lively places where everybody is encouraged todevelop their greatest potential.1. According to the article,who have the right to go to school,and how much theyshould pay for public education?2. How do the public schools treat the religious students and non-religious students?3. What role do the State Board of Education and the United States Office ofEducation play in running the local public schools?4. Do you agree that schooling should not be only limited to learning the basicknowledge ?And why?Answer it with your own words.5. What is your opinion of these six values in American education?(Make a briefcomment)IILWriting(30 points)In a few months^ime.you will graduate from university.How do you thinkyour college life has helped you grow and change?Write an essay of about400words based on the following topic on the answer sheet.How I Have Benefited from My University Life2013年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题学科、专业：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语 考试科目代码：211答案一律写在考点统一发的答题纸上，否则无效I .Vocabulary and Grammar(30 points)Part A: Multiple Choice(20 points, 1 point each)Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write thecorrect answer on your Answer Sheet.l.An ideal is a standard people judge real phenomena.A.what B.whichC.by which D.by what2 . A lawyer by training he was,he proved himself to be a greater novelist.A.if B.asC.while D.since3 .The girl was lying on the lawn,her hands under her head.A.were crossing B.were crossedC.crossing D.crossed4 .There is denying that Moyan,winning the Nobel Prize for Literature,is aninfluential Chinese writer.A.no B.not C.nothing D.none5 .The tension between the two countries is that any provocative action on eitherside might lead to a full-scale war.A.as B.likeC.such D.so6 .We will keep close contact with you and you of any change in the plan.A.report B.announceC.inform D.propose7 .The trade agreement between the two companies will next month.A.deprive B.descendC.expire D.exploit8 .She is determined to carry on with her plan of any objection.A.regarding B.regardlessC.disregarding D.with regard9 .Your wish to go out for a walk does not your leaving the baby alone in thehouse.A.justify B. terrifyC.dignity D.exemplifylO .China has a large rural population,and thus our government has greatimportance to protecting farmers, interests.A.abstained B .accessedC.avenged D. attached1 l.We had known each other fbr over twenty years and considered each other as a______friend.A.chest B. breastC.bosom D.body12 .He fainted while climbing the mountain alone.When he consciousness,it wasalready in the middle of the night.A.revised B.regainedC.resolved D.revolved13 .Talking and are not the same,for to talk and to talk well are two differentthings.A.eloquence B.endowmentC.elopement D.engagement14 .To get a higher profit,the magazine is trying to get more readers to to.A.ascribe B.subscribeC.describe D. prescribe15 .Now that all the eye witnesses are dead,it is really difficult to whether hisalibi is true or not.A.imprint B.confirmC.overlook D.reinforce16 .Energetic and,college students are in the best period of their life.A.imaginary B. imaginativeC.imaginable D.imagied 17 .As an environmental activist,she gave numerous public speeches to alower-carbon life to protect the environment.A.champion B.commandC.conceive D.convert18 .The three western countries have 0.3,0.4 and 0.6 hectares of cropland perp e r s o n .A.respectfully B.relativelyC.respectively D. respect ably19 .Hot metal as it cools down gradually.A.reduces B.condensesC.compresses D. contracts20 .Radio reception isn't very good because of a disturbance in the atmosphere,and theannouncer's voice sounded ver y.A.disputed B.distortedC.discarded D.dismissedPart B:Proofreading and Error Correction(10 points,! point each)Identity one error in each numbered sentence^write out the error and give thecorrect word(s)on the Answer Sheet.Usually merchants sell objects that people need, that make their lives better.(l)However, the salespeople iromote cigar6tte smoking among young people may bemaking American a ,merchant of death.” More and more American cigarettecompanies make their advertisement not in the U.S., but overseas. Outside the U.S.,advertising shows is presented as part of the American lifestyle. (2)In these ads,cigarettes stand up for American, and smokers are shown as rich, attractive, andromantic. These ads are meant to appeal to young people, (3)and as a result theseromantic pictures, children around the world are being lured into cigarette smoking ata very young age.⑷ Once they begin to smoke, they are likely to stop; cigarettesmoking becomes a habit. This nicotine addiction is very hard to break. (5)If childrengive in to this advertising and begin to smoke before they are 18 years old, he maybecome smokers foMife.Tobacco companies deny that they create new smokers; instead, they say that theyonly appeal to those who already smoke.(6) However, experts say that it is clear howadvertising encourages children to smoke.⑺The health effects on nations can be devastated: every year, millions of people diefrom the effects of smoking, and nations spend millions of dollars on related healthcosts.The problem for U.S. cigarette companies is that smoking in the United States isdecreasing. Stockholders want to see the companies they own make profit. Becausetheir sales in the U.S. have decreased, they are expanding their markets abroad.(8) Ifmore smokers create internationally, particularly young smokers, the stockholders willget rich.(9)Many nations realize the benefit of smoking and have tried to ban ads completelyso that children never see them, or at least shorten smoking advertisements so that they are not widespread. (10)But these controls are futile; by and by, they have notcurbed cigarette advertising.ILReading Comprehension(40 points)Part A:Read the following three passages,and choose the correct answer from the fourchoices given and then write it on the Answer Sheet.(30 points,2 points each)(1)When the wind blows, many things go. History is filled with stories of people whoused wind and air for fun and travel. One story that goes back about 3,000 years intohistory tells of two Greek men who escaped from prison by using wings made offeathers and wax. The story says the wax wings melted when one man flew too nearthe sun. His feathers fell off and he crashed into the sea. If those Greeks had usedhang glide or self-soaring wings for their prison escape, there wouldn't have been anywax fbr the sun to melt. Of course, no one believes they got near the sun, anyway.For self-soaring or hang gliding there should be wind, plenty of it. A wind of 20 milesper hour or more is good fbr flying. Before flying,a rider sets up his kite at the top of ahill.The kite must be unfolded and set up facing into the wind.If the front isn't facingthe wind,the kite may go flying without the rider.Hang-glide kites are made of tightly woven cloth, lightweight metal rods, and strongwires. The cloth is so tightly woven that it's almost airtight. The rods and wires shouldbe made of very strong material.People have always wanted to fly, and people have always wanted to add beauty totheir lives. Self-roaring people add beauty to their kites with colors and decorations.Quite often a person may have a kite custom-made by a professional kite builder. Thekite builder can let the buyer pick the cloth for colors and decoration. But when itcomes to the shape, the kite has to be built to fly. That is why the shape is important.After being strapped in, a hang-glide kite flier is ready to go. The flight starts with adownhill run into the wind. The wind catches the kite and gives the rider the liftneeded to fly. For the first part of the ride, the rider tries for speed and altitude.Without these, a flight may be over before it even starts. As soon as the kite gainsspeed and altitude, a flier can start to control the direction of flight. For a right turn,the rider leans to the right and moves the steering bar to the left. This tips the kite tothe right and it makes a turn. For a left turn, the rider leans left.1. Which of the following is true about the two Greeks in the story?A. One escaped and the other was captured B. One was killed and the other wascapturedC. One escaped and the other was killed D. Both of them escaped2. What is the hang glide made of ?A. Cloth,metal rods and wiresB. Wax and feathers.C. Cloth of different shapes and colors.D. A steering bar and a flier.3. How does one begin the flight of a hang-glide kite? A.By moving the steering bar. B. By running downhill into the wind.C.By letting the kite go with the wind. D.By giving it a hard pull.4. What is the most important for a successful flight if a glide kite?A. Altitude B. DirectionC. Speed D. Wind5. The best title fbr this passage may be.A. Flying a kite B.The importance of hang-glidingC. Flight if hang-glide kites D. Flying kites:add beauty to our lives(2)One of the earliest forms of money, borrowed from the Indians, was wampum, blackand white polished beads made from clam shells. Wampum circulated as legal tenderfor private debts in Massachusetts until 1661 and was used as money in New York aslate as 1701. In Maryland and Virginia, tobacco was initially the principal medium ofexchange, while other colonies designated as "country pay" (acceptable for taxes)such items as hides, furs, tallow, cows, com, wheat, beans, pork, fish, brandy, whisky,and musket balls.Hurried public officials were often swindled into receiving a poor quality of "countrypay."Clearly, one of the major problems in using commodity money, besidesinconvenience, spoilage, and storage difficulties, was quality control because it was inan individual's self-interest to make payments whenever possible with low-qualitygoods. One of the earliest domestically initiated regulations, the Maryland TobaccoInspection Act of 1747, addressed this issue. This move toward ultimately set firmstandards of quality control for tobacco money and raised the value of Maryland'stobacco exports.Despite the problems, commodity money was extensively used in the colonies in theseventeenth century. By the early eighteenth century, however, both specie (gold orsilver) and paper currency were common in the major seaboard cities, and by the endof the colonial period, commodities — particularly furs — were accepted only incommunities along the western frontier.Because of the sizable colonial trades with many overseas areas, the gold and silvercoins of all the important commercial countries of Europe and their dependencies inthe Western Hemisphere were freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboard.More important than English coins, which could not be legally exported from Britainto the colonies, were the sliver coins of the Spanish mint.These were struck in MexicoCity and Lima and introduced into the colonial economy via vigorous trading with theSpanish colonies. Spanish dollars were so common in the colonies that the coin waseventually adopted as the monetary unit of the United States.Although Massachusetts first attempted to mint coins of low bullion content as earlyas 1652, the colonies eventually turned to paper to increase their meager andundependable money supply. The promissory notes of well-known individuals andbills of exchange drawn on English merchants readily exchanged hands for severalmonths. In addition, treasures of the various colonies began to issue promissory notesin advance of tax collection and issue written orders to town officers requiring the payments of obligations from local stores; like other negotiable instruments, thesepieces of paper were exchanged as money.6 . According to this passage,which disadvantage of the commodity money troubledthe public official and led to the birth of Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act?A.The commodity money was borrowed which was of low quality.B.Many people paid with the commodity money which was of low quality.C.People would easily damage and spoil the commodity money.D.It was inconvenient to carry and store the commodity money.7 .The specie and the paper money didn't become widely used until as mentionedin the passage.A.the eighteenth century B.the seventeenth centuryC.around 1701 D.around 16528 .The silver coins of the Spanish mint had a greater importance than the English coinsb e c a u s e .A.this kind of coins had been widely used in the colonies at that timeB.this kind of coins could be freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboard.C.this kind of coins could be exported legally but the English coins could notD.this kind of coins was eventually adopted as the monetary unit of the United States9.In the last paragraph,the underlined parts "undependable money supply,9refersto.A.bills of exchange B.the commodity moneyC.promissory notes D.the gold and silver coinslO.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A.The earliest form of money in the world was a kind of wampum borrowed fromthe Indians.B.Tobacco had acted as the principal medium of exchange in Virginia and MarylandC.The coins of all the important commercial countries of Europe could be freelyexchanged throughout the eastern seaboardD.Sometimes certain kind of promissory notes and bills of exchange could beexchanged as the money(3)In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focuseda great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status ofwomen in various periods. Although much has been accomplished for the modernperiod, pre-modern cultures have proved more difficult., sources are restricted innumber, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is notparticularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has sofar gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bachofen's 1861 treatise on Amazons,women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.Starting from the premise that mythology and legend preserve at least a nucleusof historical fact, Bachofen argued that women were dominant in many ancientsocieties. His work was based on a comprehensive survey of references in the ancient sources to Amazonian and other societies with matrilineal customs-societies in whichdescent and property rights are traced through the female line. Some support for histheory can be found in evidence such as that drawn from Herodotus, the Greek“historian" of the fifth century B.C., who speaks of an Amazonian society, theSauromatae, where the women hunted and fought in wars. A woman in this societywas not allowed to marry until she had killed a person in battle.Nonetheless, this assumption that the first recorders of ancient myths havepreserved facts is problematic. If one begins by examining why ancients refer toAmazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek descriptions of such societies weremeant not so much to represent observed historical fact— real Amazoniansocieties— but rather to offer nmoral lessons'* on the supposed outcome of women'srule in their own society. The Amazons were often characterized, for example, as theequivalents of giants and centaurs, enemies to be slain by Greek heroes. Theircustoms were presented not as those of a respectable society, but as the veryantitheses of ordinary Greek practices.Thus, I would argue, the puipose of accounts of the Amazons for their makeGreek recorders was didactic, to teach both male and female Greeks that all-femalegroups, formed by withdrawal from traditional society, are destructive and dangerous.Myths about the Amazons were used as arguments for the male-dominated status quo,in which groups composed exclusively of either sex were not permitted to segregatethemselves permanently from society. Bachofen was thus misled in his reliance onmyths for information about the status of women. The sources that will probably tellcontemporary historians most about women in the ancient world are such socialdocuments as gravestone, wills, and marriage contracts. Studies of such documentshave already begun to show how mistaken we are when we try to derive our picture ofthe ancient world exclusively from literary sources, especially myths.11.A11 of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with thesources for knowledge of premodern cultures E X C E P T .A.partial completeness B.restricted accessibilityC.difficulty of interpretation D.limited quantity12.lt can be inferred from the passage that the probable reactions of many males inancient Greece to the idea of the Amazons could best be described as.A.wary and unfriendly B.confused and dismayedC.curious but fearful D.respectful and approving13.The primary purpose of the passage is to.A.introduce a new approach to understanding the role of women in ancient societiesB.analyze the nature of Amazonian society and compare it with the Greek worldC.criticize the value of ancient myths in determining the status of women in ancientsocietiesD.provide some information on ancient mythology and legend14.The main reason for the long-lasting influence of Bachofen^ work is t ha t .A.feminists have shown little interests in ancient societiesB.Bachofen^ knowledge of Amazonnian culture is ture and reliableC.reliable information about the ancient world is difficult to acquire D.ancient societies show the best evidence of women in positions of power15.The author's attitude toward Bachofen^ treatise is best described as.A.approving B.contradictoryC.neutral D.disagreeingPart B:Short-Answer Questions (10 points,2 points each)Read the following passage ,and then answer the questions on the Aftswer Sheet.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated andwhere many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of malesuperiority are hard to maintain.The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this inturn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to acceptthat equality more easily than their parents did and to prepare more fully forparticipation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the "battle of thesexes".If the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as less important and thathas happened in some cases - we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting alittle tired of'Momism” — but we don't want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”.What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves apartnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers,and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and thatthey have decided that women should not receive all the credits - nor all the blame.We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home. We arebeginning, however, to analyze man*s place in the home and to insist that he does havea place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development ef the child.The family is a cooperative enterprise fbr which it is difficult to lay down rules,because each family needs to work out its own way fbr solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts ortrousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only toa healthy democracy ,but also with a healthy family.(Please answer the following questions with your own words. Your answer should bebrief and relevant)l.How can the equality between the male and female be achieved in a family?2.If the man's role is undervalued,what will the result be?3 .What do"Momism^and^neo-Popism^mean respectively?4 .What does the underlined sentence at the end of the third paragraph suggest?5 .What is the main idea of the passage?IILWriting(30 points)Write an essay of about 400 words based on the following topic on the Answer Sheet.Honesty and Success2014 年 基英1 .2 0 道选择题，有考到一些专八词汇，语法题也有涉及，不过感觉难度在专四左右，可以用专四题来练2 . 改错难度也还好，但是想要全都改对并非易事。
专八改错可以练练郑大的答题纸是空白的，这个需要自己把错的部分和最后改的一并抄到答题纸上3 . 阅读难度为专四，四篇，最后一篇是问答4 .作文400words谈谈大学生所面临的压力郑州大学2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题学科、5业：英语笔译号试科目名称：珈年硕士英治考试科目代码：2】1福 一 律 写龙碧薇二•发的答题纸上，否则无效;I .Vocabulary and Granim ar ( 30 points )Part A: M ultiple Ctmicc (20 points, 1 point each)Choose the hest one from the fo u r choices given sentence and write the correctanswer on your Answer Sheet.£I. He had waited far_____ long beforbM w n International recognition.A. so 、 B. very D. that2. The accomplished scientist 评 佻 ^ person______ . .A. whom the state dinner wa^glven in honorB in whose honor the inner was givenC. fbr whom the st^J^lhncr was given honor&w hose lipnor<™^slate dinner was given fbr3. The wo ____ the marriage law w ill be amended In maA. w必 马 ・as C. that>noboby coming to visit, the snow-covcrcdB. had been£ ^ in ganything urgent happen, you can come to hiiB. should3no Ibotprint.改fQving beenA ide or solution.D. unlessdeveopment globally.A. capable B. degradable D. convertible7. It is a tradition in China to _____ (irecfiJa^^oiKleave o ff / J C.必 o ffm international conference was held to proiA. go offcelebrate the Spring Festival.d jc to fT8. The tent was tom badly b]___fbr the nightA. shadowB.C. shelterind, but what remains of it can still offer us^ s h ie ld第1页 共10页 郑 州 大 学 试 题 纸9. Gl o b a l i z a t i o n m ea n s t he_____ o f n a t i o n a l ec o n o m y i n t o t l i e wo r l d ec o n o m y.i n t egr a t i o n B. a l l i a n c eC. c o n n c c t i蝶以 D. a s s o c i ut i o n ^n HCA10. The o n l y s ur e t r ea t m en t fb r t hi s d i s ea s e i s a n t i b i o t i c s , pr efer a b l y b y ______ .AJffj ea i o n B. d efec t i o nC. i n fec t i o nD. d et ec t i o nII. O n ha z y wi n t er m o r n i n gs ,______ i s us ua l l y po o r a n d d r i v er s s ho ul d b e c a r eful .A. fl ex i b i l i t y ^^t i s i b i l i t yC. o r i gi n a l i t y12. Tho s e peo pl e c ur r en t l y ho l d i n g j o b s a r c n o tA. c d i hl cB. a r a b l et Xl i gi b l cD & ^ ibityfb r i r fl t i ppi o ym c n t b en efi t s .Di m o b i l e13. A n y pub l i c _____ o f t he s t a t e s ec r et s wi l l d o c o n s n ^St fl e ha n n t o n a t i o n a l s ec ur i t y.B. po s t ur e C. c l o s u w ^ ^ D. en c l o s ur eRem a n d s t o b e t r ea t ed wi t h d ue r es pec t ./^d pi c l o s ur e 114. She c l a i m s t o b eA. a s c en d ed I!fr o m r o ya l t i es a iB. c o n d es c en d ed Cr j l15. The n e w l ea d er s hi p pl ed ged t o m l^ A ^ c e t ot hey a r e i n .A. d ec ept i v e16. Ma r y, t he m o s t _____ o fK l ea v e:n d c deffo r t t ol i e i nD. c o n t en d edt he wel fa r e o f t he peo pl e.D. pa y o ff <, i s t he fi r s t o n e t o r ea l i z e t hea n d t i m i dput a t i v e C. r ec ept i v e XB ^r c c p t i v ei r e, t he gi r l t r em b l ed w h e n c a l l ed t o s pea k t o a IA. wi s t ful18. Si n c e<^j Mp^ha s q ui t hi s j o b ,po s i t i o n .ihfblC. fi t ful D. wa s t efulw e n eed t o fi n dB. v o i dC. ho l l o w跳: 央_ _ _t a l ks b et ween hi gh-r a n ki n g o ffi c i a l s i n Fj/ / o n h c l a t er a gr eem en t s i gn ed b y t he t wo pr es i i一夕pr i m i t i v e B. pr el i m i n a r y C. pr i m a20. No wa d a ys t he o f m o n e y wo r s hi ps ^;i a s er v ed a s t he b a s ea l m o s t a t hi n g o f t he pa s t^j )r c v a l c n呼灯 B. pr i o r i t y^Part B: ProofHadiog and ErjD. pr em a t ur e;i et y ha s r en d er ed n a ked m a r r i a gee dg h ^ D. p r o m i n e n c e ^Identify one error inword(s )on the A(10 points, 1 point each)red sentence, write out the error and give the correct第2页共1 0页 郑 州 大 学 试 题 纸Rea d i n g t o o n es el f i s a mode m a c t i v i t y whi c h wa s a l m o s t u n k n o w n t o t he s c ho l a r s o ft he c l a s s i c a l a n d m ed i ev a l wo r l d s , whi l e d ur i n g t he 15r t l c e呻* th e t er m "r ea d i n g”un d o ub t ed l y m ea n t r ea d i n g a l o ud . (1) On l y d ur i n g t he 1 铲 l ea d i n g be cam/、Qo m m o t wl a c e. n(2)Q n e s ho ul d b e c a ut i o us , ho wev er , fb r a s s ui n唾 少a t s i沁n【r ea d i n g c a m e a b o uls j r n pl y b ec a us e r ea d i n g a l o ud i s a d i s t r a c t i o n t o o t j ^ k ^fe^a m i n a t i o n o f fa c t o r s r el a t ed t ot he hi s t o r i c a l d ev el o pm en t o fs Uen t r ea d i n g r c ^a l t ^i a t i t b e c a m e t he us ua l m o d el o fr ea d i n g fo r m o s t a d ul t r ea d i n g t a s ks (3) b ec a us e t he t a 5ks i t s c If c ha n ged mc ha r a c t er . f T y(4)T h e l a s t c en t ur y s a w a s i mT Gr a d ua l i n c r ea s e i n l i t er a c v . en d t hus j namo un t o f r ea d er s . A s r ea d er s 呼 , t he n u m b e r o f po t en t i a l l i s t en er s d ec l i n ed ,t hus t her e w a s s o m e r c d i i c t i t n eed t o r ea d a l o ud . (5 ) A s r ea d i n g fb r t he b e咽t he fl o ur i s hi n g o f r ea d i n g a s a pr i v a t e a c t N改电d fb r i n R观1 3 引s uc h p u b l i c pld i s t r a c t i o n S MT owb o o kso ff t he c en t ur y, (7) t her e wa s s t i l l c o n s i d er a b l e⑻ Iwa y c a n i a ges a n d o ffi c esTW iIW i]v e r ya r gum en t r em a i n sl i t c m c Y c ul l wca s n ews pa per s w a s m en t a l l y wea ken i n g. 1II .Reading Comprehensi o息 pr t r ea t ed E)ec t fUl l y a n d o v e t w l ^ h e r t he r ea d i n gy b o o ks a n d per i o d i c a l si n ed uc a t i o n . Ho wev er , wha t ev er i t s v i r t ues ,(区 a n d r epl a c ed b y t he pr i n t ed m ed i a o n t he o nfb / a s pec i a l i z ed r ea d er s hi p o n t he o t her .— B y t he en d o f t he c en t ur y, (9) $t ud c n t 5b o o ks a n d t y us e s ki l l s i n r ea d i n g t hemo r a l r ea d er . (10) T h e s o c i a l , c ul t ur da l t er ed t he i m pl i ed m e a n i n g o f t he,c d t o a d o pt a t t i t ud es t o wa r di f n o t i m po s s i b l e, fo r t hen ges i n t he c en t ur y ha d gr ea t l yPart A:Read the following passage and choose the comet answer from the four choicesgiven and then wrM " on the Answer Sheet (30points, 2 points each)第3页共1 0页 郑 州 大 学 试 题 纸(1)A recent study in the United Stales showed (hat the average famit5Qgcm more moneyon its pels than on its children. Although this shpekin^^t^tics, jt should noisurprise anyone who has seen the doggy beauty parlors or the shady groves whereloved pets ofall varieties are laid to rest. It is possible thaulap Americans are unique intreatipg4i)eir little friendsin this way, but wlia: infbrrn 钞©We do have would suggest thatth^nglislyaie alscralavislHn their attention to the their pets.Tfiiscan becleSPIy-sccn when we look 4 (J)e rfb o i, which often contain morevitamins than human food or at least, less nutritious. They certainly cost asmuch. Last year, the British public s undred million pounds on pel food alone, tosay-nothing of veterinary bills andamount of money could do for viet^sunder【he collar.There are varieti
be logefher again. Too manypKySciaiis arc reluctant to admit their limi]小 to patients; too many patients andir is it true that everything has been triedpractice plans of the Kaiser FoundationfimHieTarc unwilling (o accept sqgand nothing works, as shown by theand at Puget Sound. In the main. r, such undertakings have been drowned by 为Hood o f public and private m o iw ^ v»iXh have supported and encouraged the continu^tia''of conventional'practiccsana^ibsidized their shortcomings on an trictcdrollowing asoffulbeost^cale. Except fbr thelistic and dedicated, there were no incentives toor to practice frugality. In this atmosphere, it is not faifailures ail att ^^pkperiments; it may be more accurate to say m. jrial_ge^K yo th o r mc.atiojia alliwurscmcnt fcX C E K f':ising opcratin^nw t^^一 C. overreliance on expensive eqvj^ment12. According to theparagraph te direclyfittrA. Jhere has been little real imxg/cxpcctations about healthyP jn a n y people find it impgssllt^spital facilitiesices for minoritiesmentioned in the 1st0 doctors arc now less13. 1( can be intercannot alwaysalth-care services.are sometimes unrealistic.fet access to health-care services,with patient care.\Hibt the underlined sentence “Humntv Dumnl、1k together 皿In” in the 3N g iragraph means第8页 共10页 郑 州 大 学 试 题 纸C some people should not become doctorsy . medical care is essential to good health^D^nedical science cannot cure every illness 「14. The t h a t廿UH)UD Drag^paragrap h S j^ crcy r p la n fb y \A. encouraging capital investment弋/Employing only dedicated and ideal令f la n s mentioned in the last£ providing incentives for cost con0 尹W j* primarily on public15. ThLion€>yf the passage cian%A t^“ light-hearted and amusec^X,indifferent anddescribed astBJobjective but concerned7 . enthusiastic and enlightened ZKPart B: Short -Anji^rQuestions (10 points, 2 points each )Read the passage, and then answer the questions on thJ R映沌in workshops, 1 asked:，“How many of you exp^^hotf^olds：hores fbr which they are not paid?** In a groupI'hcn:41 How many of your parents would h ^rrai^dX -4)jcslion?M Hands went up everywhere and peopl e( h/ just one generation, we have managM tn m⑼ 1 ^iymrtani”y-曲ME sh n * be 曲变学史经/ The ultimateQrpo^of raisin区 o、工 successful lives of mCfrown. Chorof^trovhje a sense of accojFe AtfShir Sheet,vdupcnildren to perform)no more than 50 handstheir hands to the same's no laughing matter. Intpctrinejpf cH Id-bearing:u{ q£4UlLliyc s and jnto—— 一 一〜—j —i --- w*mplishment, enlarging achil(Ts feqings 空％ worth.Parents should begitHojare eager to please and 好three-year-old can helproom QBjerjy. A six^/p^r-ollPMchorc time” e唠 tfa)SpTus rrun a home? DC abled iijiyn 纱阳 些 工y4thr码 At this age, kids^6 _ J p y o li] whiteyr thc;ir 通向值段i 咱 AaK bed and set the table. A fbur-or five-year old can kee^hist/an vacuum. A tcn-year-old should contribuie 45 minutes ofw。
hourejon Saturday. By age 18, a kid should kiioWlTow toto iron clothes, fix basic meals, clean bathrooms. All this第9页共10页 郑 州 大 学 试 题 纸but also develops an appreciation ibr2015 年翻硕英语:A typical child's home has toys scattered all over tiK Qolacc, yet children stillcomplain, * * ! am bored" They arc bored precisely because ( ^ ^ ^ jirovidcJhcm wim toomany things. A child cwn't decide what to da next bcc嗖*Me litter presents loo manyoptions.The child's 1一辿皿 also has a lot to do s of toys parents buy. In mostcases, they are mass-produced toys that stirnu ativejhinking. Worse, they are soone-dimensional, especially the popular clexpress imagingljpnTruly creative toys encoungames/THat they limit A£hjld'° ability loto use something tojepreseru somethina c]When a child takes a pine coue\s?(s it upright and calls it a tree, that's ihe_es:fantasy, which is jp l则 Q] D la Y flay. finger paints and colored pen史examples of creative tqy^hrfne hands of an imaginative child, so are everydi ”Jike岛gs、not to mention sticks, rocks and mud. 1rry that if their child doesn't own the latest " f夕糊、is friendsct will suffer. But self-respect is not a function of w^\many things welion of developing the gifts dial lie within. “it important ^octrjn^i has been / parents?bnts exerted in keeping aspoons, boxes andSome parehave, hisliavejiHI. Writing ( 30 pointsuld parents do?trds based on the following topic on the Answer Sheet.2/、How can we make children/appirciat^ the fifTohousehold?3. What does the underlined word4. To avoid hurting a child's seifesteern,5. What is the mainjdca of theWrite an essay of aboui*cp(udcnUt Responsibilities and Challenges第10页共10页作文：it is better to have only2016 年基础英语：o n e child in a family or have brothers and sisters?一、选择题，词义辨析10道，10分，二、15题，3 0 分，三篇阅读，今年的阅读比去年长的多，但是总体不难,可能比专四稍微难些。
三、完型，2 0 小题,四、15分，汉译英,五、15分，英译汉,10分关于政治的，一般难度关于语言学的，术语较多 六、作文，2 0 分关于大学生到底是参加社团活动好还是只学习好，说明你的看法与原因250字2017 年一、《 翻译硕士英语》共 100分1.选择题(15x1)2 . word-formation(5x2)五个句子，句子挖了个空，然后句末括号内是词汇原形，根据句意写适当形式今年新题型！3 . 改错(10x1)一篇文章划了十个句子，一句一处错误4 . 翻译(5x3)一篇文章里划五个句子英译汉文章是希拉里败选演讲5 . 阅读理解(10x2)两篇，一篇五题6 . 作文30 分) Many people think the range of technology today is increasing thegap between poor people and rich people while others hold the opposite view.What doyou think?(250 词)2018年郑州大学翻硕回忆版真题D ayl下午基础英语完型：父母和子女关系阅读一：保姆亲子关系阅读二：关于爱斯基摩人汉译英：英语作为通用语言地区的英语学习英译汉：水的张力对不同大小物体的影响作文：一篇材料贴近时事江歌案江歌致死的看法总体上来说不是特别难但是我阅读太慢了… 。
