演示文稿1 (2).ppt

Grammar Focus Grammar Focus (P77)(P77)2. 过去完成时可以表示过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻过去某一时刻 或或某一动作之前完成的动作某一动作之前完成的动作或或呈现呈现 的状态的状态也就是说发生在也就是说发生在“过去的过去的 过去过去”1. Past perfect Tense 过去完成时过去完成时 构成：构成：had＋＋过去分词过去分词 6:00 7:00 6:00 7:00 现在现在 By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes.By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. The differences between Present Perfect tense and Past Perfect tense.(1) She has taught English for 6 years.(2) “Where is Susan” “She has gone to America”.表示表示过去某去某时发生的生的动作，作，这动作可能作可能刚刚停止停止,也可能也可能还在在进行。

行(1) She said she had taught English for 6 years.(2) By the time I got to London, she had gone to America.表示过去某表示过去某时之前发生时之前发生的动作 现在完成时现在完成时: 主语主语 + have / has done过去完成时过去完成时: 主语主语 + had done由时间状语来判定•　　一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： 　　　　•（（ 1 ）） by + 过去的时间点过去的时间点•如如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o‘clock last night. 　　　　•（（ 2 ）） by the end of + 过去的时间点过去的时间点•如如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 　　　　•（（ 3 ）） before + 过去的时间点过去的时间点。

•如如:They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. (4).for...He had waited there for three hours by that time. (5). since... He had always stayed in his office since that morning. (6).by the time By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself. (7).when When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. When my mother got home，， I had already done 10 maths problems. (8). afterAfter he had finished his homework, he went to bed.(9). “宾语从句宾语从句”或或“间接引语间接引语”The teacher asked if we had finished doing our homework. He said that he had visited the place twice. 主语+had+过去分词v-pp.(done)•①①肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+had+过去分词过去分词. 　　　　•②②否定句：主语否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词过去分词. 　　　　③③一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Had+主语主语+过去分词过去分词? 　　　　肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes,主语主语+had. 　　　　•否定回答：否定回答：No,主语主语+hadn’t . 　　　　•④④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑一般疑问句（问句（Had+主语主语+过去分词）？过去分词）？ •⑤⑤被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+had（（hadn't)+been+过去分词过去分词 Translation1. .我到家时她已经睡了。

我到家时她已经睡了 By the time I got home, she had By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed.already gone to bed.3.他走以后我找到了那封信他走以后我找到了那封信 I found the letter after he had gone I found the letter after he had gone away.away. We reached the cinema late. The We reached the cinema late. The film had already begun.film had already begun.4.我们到电影院晚了我们到电影院晚了,电影已经开始了电影已经开始了5.我们发现有人把我们的窗户打破了我们发现有人把我们的窗户打破了 We found that somebody had We found that somebody had broken our window.broken our window. I soon realized that I had made I soon realized that I had made a serious mistake.a serious mistake.6.不久我意识到自己犯了一个严重的不久我意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。

错误7.我没有去，因为我已看过这部电影我没有去，因为我已看过这部电影 I didn’t go because I had already I didn’t go because I had already seen the film.seen the film. After he checked out all the After he checked out all the information, he believed his daughter information, he believed his daughter had made a good decision.had made a good decision.8.他查看了所有的信息后，相信女儿他查看了所有的信息后，相信女儿的选择是对的的选择是对的汉译英• 1.到上学期你们学会了多少首歌？到上学期你们学会了多少首歌？•2.到昨天晚上，他把这篇课文读了三遍到昨天晚上，他把这篇课文读了三遍 •3.十点钟前，我们到达了车站十点钟前，我们到达了车站 •4.在他上中学之前，已学会了两百多个英语单词在他上中学之前，已学会了两百多个英语单词。

• •5.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始五分钟了当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始五分钟了 • 6.我听说他住那五年了我听说他住那五年了How many songs had you learned by the end of last term?By yesterday evening, he had read the text three times.We had got to the station before 10:00.He had learned two hundred English words before he went to middle school.When we got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes. I heard he had lived there for five years.Thanks for listening!。