
2013外研版八下M2U3现在完成时.doc
14页现在完成时学习目标:1、 理解现在完成时的意义2、 熟练的进行现在完成时的句型变化【课前过关】写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词:14cleanfinishentervisitcooktravelcopypratisewaterclimbwashwinseehavebefinddosweepreadlosetakegorideeat【总结-巩固-练习】StepI Summary:(1)I have entered lots of speaking competitions. I’ve won some prizes.(2) Have you ever won any prizes before?(3) I have never visited the USA.以上句子的谓语动词有一个共同的特点就是“_________________________”, 用于表示_______________________________________________________如(1); 还可以____________________________________________________,如(2)(3)。
我们把这种时态称为“现在完成时” 现在完成时( present perfect tense)past present(now) futureStepII现在完成时的构成(一)肯定式I have entered lots of speaking competitions结构:说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用________,其余人称一律用_________ has,have的缩略式分别为s或veEXERCISES:1)I______ just _______ all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词 (表示不要再抄了)2)She _______ _______her books .她丢失了她的书 (表示到目前为止还没有找到)3)We______ just ________ the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室表明现在教室是干净的)(二)否定式I have not visited the USA.结构:说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词___________后面加_____就行。
have not,has not的缩略式分别为_________,_________另外,肯定句中有________________时,改为否定时要分别改成__________,________ EXERCISES:将下列句子改为否定句1)I have already copied all the new words .I ______ _______ all the new words______ .2)She has lost her books .She ______ _________her books.3)We have cleaned the classroom .We _______ ________ the classroom .有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思I_______________him before. 我以前见过他否定句:I___________________him before.I _______________________him before.以前我从来没有见过他(三)一般疑问式Have you ever won any prizes before?结构:说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到_____,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already改为_____________就构成了一般疑问句。
肯定回答用否定回答用有时也可以用__________________,________________________等 EXERCISES:将下列句子改为一般疑问句1)I have already copied all the new words ._____you _______ all the new words____ ?No,____ _______ /______ ______.2)She has lost her books .______she _________her books? Yes, ______ ______.3)We have cleaned the classroom ._______you ________ the classroom?Dear David,I’m having a wonderful time in Beijing. I’ve done so many things! I’ve _______________________________._________________________________.______________________________________.There’s only one thing I haven’t done:_____________________________________.Bye for now.Rob【当堂检测】Ⅰ选择正确答案1)--When will Tina arrive? ---Oh, she _____. She is in the meeting room now. A arrives B is arriving C arrived D has arrived2) –Your shoes are so old. Why don’t you buy a new pair?--Because I ____ all my money on an MP5. A spend B have spent C am spending D was spending 3) ---Where are you going for your holiday?--- Well, we ____ yet.A haven’t decided B hadn’t decidedC don’t decided D didn’t decided4---Are you a basketball player in your class?---Yes. I _____the team last year . I ____in the team for one year.A have joined, have been B joined, wasC joined ,have been D have joined, wasⅡ汉译英1)我还没有完成我的作业。
2)小娟以前从来没有离开过潍坊3)他们已经找到了丢失的书吗?4) 我们学了五年英语了Homework】AB级:写作指导:个人经历 My holiday in BeijingCD级:用本课所学知识点写5个句子,描述一下你做过和未曾做过的事情学后反思我的收获;我的困惑:现在完成时(第二课时)现在完成时的标志词及特殊情况用法一:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果此时,常与时间副词already(已经) ,yet(还、已经) ,just(刚刚、仅仅) ,ever(曾经) ,never(从不) ,before(以前)等连用这几个副词的用法如下:1.already意为“已经”,通常用于肯定句中,可放在助动词之后,过去分词之前,也可以放在句末实例:1)Ive already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了 (“读”这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”2)Ive washed my clothes already.我已经洗了衣服 (洗衣服的动作已完成,其结果是“衣服冼干净了”注意:在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时,already也可用于(口语)疑问句中。
实例:3)Have you met him already ?你(真的)已经见过他了?2.yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中意为“还”,常放在句末实例:1)—Has he found his watch yet ?他已经找到他的手表了吗? —No,not yet.不,还没有2)The woman hasnt found her dog yet . 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗没找到狗,心里着急,这就是对现在的影响)3.just意为“刚刚”,表示行为刚刚过去,常放在助动词与过去分词之间实例: He has just come back from school .他刚从学校回来4.ever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中,放在助动词与过去分词之间实例: 1)Have you ever been to Hong Kong ?你曾去过香港吗? 2)I havent ever spoken to her.我未曾和她说过话5.never意为“从来没有”常与before连用(before要放在句尾,而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间实例: I have never travelled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。
6.before意为“以前”,指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制实例: 1)Have you been to Hainan before ?你以前去过海南吗? 2)I havent eaten Guangdong food before.我以前没吃过广东菜用法二: 表示从过去某一时刻开始,持续到现在的动作和状态常与包括现在在内的时间状语连用,如 today, this week, this morning, these days, recently, lately, so far(到目前为止)等,也常和for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用或用“It is/has been+时间段+since…”句型如:It is/has been three years since I bought the book. 这本书我买了三年了从买这本书起到现在已三年了)My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了? 注意:此种。
