现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别.doc

现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别1）一般过去时态表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时态中动作为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响如:I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了） I have already seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知了） I haven’t finished my work yet. (强调对现在的影响，还有工作要做，不能去玩) When did you finish your homework? (询问过去的动作所发生的时间，与现在无关)2）一般过去时态表示动作在过去已经停止；现在完成时态表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在如：Ann visited her uncle last weekend.(visit这个动作在过去已经停止) They have lived here since 1983.(live here 这个动作从1983年开始，一直延续到现在)3）一般过去时态常用非延续性动词，如borrow, buy, come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become等。

现在完成时态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，与时间段连用时动词一般是延续性的，如keep, have, live, teach, learn, work, study, know, be等如：He joined the League three years ago .(join是短暂动词）He has been in the League for three years.（be in表状态，在团内的状态可延续）He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可延续）4）一般过去时态常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时态通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语一般过去时态的时间状语：yesterday, last night/week/month/year…，…ago, in1980, just now , at that time, once, during the war, when等，皆为具体的时间状语.现在完成时态的时间状语：for+时间段, since+过去的时间点/一般过去时态的句子, so far, , up to now, in the past ....years, up till now, these days,等，皆为不确定的时间状语。

如：Tim wrote a letter to his brother last night.（last night 为具体的过去时间状语，所以用一般过去时态）I’ve learned English for three years . （for three years为时间状语，是个时间段，时间跨度大，不具体）句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响学以致用1．——When _____ you _____ to learn to skate? ----Five years ago. A. do; start B. will; start C. had; start D. did; start (2010湖北武汉市)2．——Hasn’t Alice come yet?----No, and I _____ for her for about 2 hours. A. wait B. waited C. have waited D. had waited (2010湖北随州市)3．Her grandpa _______ in 2000. Though he ______ for about ten years, she still misses him. A. dies; has died B. died; has been dead C. died; was dead D. died; has died (2010湖北恩施自治州)4．----Have you ever been to Shanghai , Mary？ ----Yes. I _____ there for three days with my parents last month. A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was (2010安徽省) 5．My brother left school in 2005, and since then he ______ in Beijing. A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived (2010河北省)6．I must return the dictionary to Allen now. I ______ it for three weeks already. A. kept B. will keep C. keep D. have kept (2010临沂市)7．Last Sunday my aunt ______ at home with me. We were watching TV all day. A. was B. were C. is D. are (2010重庆市)8．——Have you ever _____ Xingkai Lake？ ——Yes. I _____ there last month. It’s quite beautiful. A. gone to; went B. been to; went C. been to; go (2010黑龙江省鸡西市) 9．Miss Gao came to our school in 2006. She ______ here for four years. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught (2010福建省龙岩市)用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao ______(hurry) off to look after the man.2. Jim ______(make) many friends since he ______(come) to China.3. They ______(know) each other for about ten years.4. He ______ already ______(write) a letter to the factory to ask them to stop making noise.5. —When ______ she ______(leave)? —Two hours ago.6. —______ you ______(see) the film before? —Yes, I ______. —Where ______ you ______(see) it?—At The Queen’s Cinema.7. —Thank you all the same, Mr. Black, but I don’t eat sweets. —Oh, I am sorry. I ______(not know) that.8. They usually ______(go) fishing when they lived there.9. How long ______ she ______(be) ill?10. They didn’t start to work in the field until the rain ______(stop).II. 按要求完成句子。

同义句转换,每空一词4. My father came back the day before yesterday. My father has ______ ______ for two days.5. My uncle bought the new car two months ago. My uncle has ______ the new car ______ two months ago.6. They left Changsha an hour ago. They have ______ ______ ______ Changsha for an hour.7. The film began ten minutes ago. The film ______ ______ ______ for ten minutes.8. The old man died 5 years ago. The old man ______ ______ ______ for 5 years. III. 单项填空1. —I’m sorry, Cathy, I ______ your radio for such a long time. —Never mind.A. have borrowed B. have lent C. have kept D. have returned2. —Where have you ______ these days? —I have ______ to Yangzhou with my friends.A. been, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. gone, gone3. —Where is your father? We haven’t seen each other for weeks. —______.A. He has been to America B. He has gone to EnglandC. He is going to Australia4. They have ______ since the factory opened.A. left the school B. joined the team C. become workers D. worked here 5. Jim ______ the Great Wall many times.A. went to B. goes to C. has gone to D. has been to6. It ______ ten years since they ______ to France.A. was, moved B. was, have moved C. is, have moved D. is, moved 7. —____。