Veins静脉专题知识专家讲座.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Veins,静脉,Veins,静脉,Venous valve,General feature,Have a thinner wall and a larger diameter than their corresponding arteries,The small branches are called,tributary,Have,venous valves,静脉瓣,which prevent reflux of blood,Two sets,Superficial veins,lie in the superficial fascia,immediately under the skin,and forms,venous rete,静脉网,Deep veins,run with arteries,large veins are usually single,medium-sized peripheral limb veins are often double,forms,venous plexus,静脉丛,around the viscera,venous rete,静脉网,venous plexus,静脉丛,Veins,静脉,Special structures,Sinuses of dura mater,硬脑膜窦,Diploic veins,板障静脉,Sinuses of dura mater,Diploic veins,Veins 静脉,Composition,The pulmonary veins,肺静脉,L.superior&inferior pulmonary veins,R.superior&inferior pulmonary veins,The systemic veins,体静脉,Superior vena cava system,上腔静脉系,Inferior vena cava system,下腔静脉系,(includes hepatic portal system,肝门静脉系,),Cardiac vein system,心静脉系,肺循环旳静脉,The pulmonary veins,Tributaries,左上、下肺静脉,Left superior and inferior pulmonary veins,右上、下肺静脉,Right superior and inferior pulmonary veins,Run into left atrium,体循环旳静脉,The systemic veins,The systemic veins,体静脉,Superior vena cava system,上腔静脉系,Inferior vena cava system,下腔静脉系,(includes hepatic portal system,肝门静脉系,),Cardiac vein system,心静脉系,上腔静脉系,Superior vena cava system,Formed,by superior vena cava and their tributaries,brachiocephalic veins头臂静脉,azygos vein,奇静脉,Enters,right atrium at lever of lower border of third right sternocostal joint,Collects blood,from upper half of body-head,neck,upper limb and thorax(except the heart),头颈部旳静脉,Veins of head and neck,颈内静脉,Internal jugular v.,Emerges from jugular foramen and descends in carotid sheath with common carotid artery and vagus nerve.Terminates behind sternoclavicular joint where it join subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein,facial vein,面静脉,lingual v.,舌静脉,pharyngeal v.,咽静脉,superior thyroid v.,甲状腺上静脉,middle thyroid v.,甲状腺中静脉,retromandibular v.,下颌后静脉,颞浅静脉,superficial temporal v.,上颌静脉,maxillary v.,翼静脉丛,下颌后静脉,上颌静脉,颈外静脉,颈内静脉,内眦静脉,面静脉,翼静脉丛,锁骨下静脉,颞浅静脉,颈外静脉,external jugular v.,Formed behind the angle of mandible by union of posterior auricular,occipital vein and posterior branch of retromandibular,Crossing over the sternocleidomastoid to enter subclavian vein,颈前静脉,Anterior jugular vein,The veins of the two sides are united by a transverse trunk called the,jugular venous arch,颈静脉弓,颈外静脉,锁骨下静脉,颈静脉弓,颈前静脉,耳后静脉,下颌后静脉,Veins of head and neck,Veins of head and neck,面静脉,Facial Vein,Begins at medial angle of eye,(angular vein,内眦静脉,),Runs downward and backward through the face,posterior to the facial artery,Enters the internal jugular vein near the greater horn of the hyoid bone,内眦静脉,面静脉,颈内静脉,Connections with,cavernous sinus,海绵窦,through,ophthalmic vein,眼静脉,through,pterygoid veous plexus,翼静脉丛,via the,deep facial vein,面深静脉,“,Danger triangle of the face,”,面部危险三角,Lies between root of nose and two angles of mouth,In this area the facial vein has,no valves,Veins of head and neck,Veins of head and neck,Retromandibular v.,下颌后静脉,Formed by union of,superficial temporal,and,maxillary veins,Divides into an anterior branch that unites with facial vein and a posterior branch that joins posterior auricular vein to become external jugular vein,上颌静脉,颈外静脉,翼静脉丛,颞浅静脉,下颌后静脉,Veins of head and neck,Subclavian vein,锁骨下静脉,Continuation of axillary vein at the lateral border of first rib,Joins internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein behind sternoclavicular joint,Venous angle,静脉角,The junction of the subclavian vein and internal jugular vein.it is the entrance of lymphatic duct to the blood circulation.,veins of the upper limb,Deep vein,Accompany the deep corresponding arteries,尺静脉ulnar vein,桡静脉radial vein,肱静脉brachial vein,腋静脉 axillary vein,锁骨下静脉,Subclavian vein,Superficial veins of the upper limb,头静脉Cephalic vein,贵要静脉Basilic vein,肘正中静脉Median cubital vein,前臂正中静脉median antebrachial vein,Superficial,veins of the upper limb,Cephalic vein,头静脉,Arises,from the lateral side of the dorsal venous rete on the back of hand,Winds around the lateral border of the forearm;it then ascends into the cubital fossa and up the front of the arm on the lateral side of the biceps,It continues up in the deltopectoral groove and then pierces deep fascia to,drain into,axillary vein or subclavian vein,头静脉,贵要静脉,肘正中静脉,前臂正中静脉,头静脉,Superficial,veins of the upper limb,Basilic vein,贵要静脉,Arises,from the medial side of the dorsal venous rete of hand,Winds around the medial border of the forearm,Then ascends into the cubital fossa and up the front of the arm on the medial side of the biceps to middle of the arm where it pierces the deep fascia and,joins,the brachial vein or axillary vein,头静脉,贵要静脉,肘正中静脉,前臂正中静脉,头静脉,Superficial,veins of the upper limb,Median cubital vein,肘正中静脉,Links cephalic vein and basilic vein in the cubital fossa,It is a frequent site for venipuncture to remove a sample of blood or add fluid to the blood,头静脉,贵要静脉,肘正中静脉,前臂正中静脉,头静脉,Variations in the venous pattern of the upper limb,Super。