直接引语与间接引语.ppt
21页
Direct Speech and Reported Speech 直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语------ By Li Hongtao 1. 直接引语直接引语(Direct Speech) 是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内 1) John said, “I want to have a rest.” 2) She said, “I am hungry.” 2. 间接引语间接引语(Reported Speech) 是指用自己的话把别人的话转述出来是指用自己的话把别人的话转述出来,不需要引号不需要引号 1) John said he wanted to have a rest. 2) She said she was hungry. Direct SpeechReported Speech一、一、 引导词引导词二、二、 人称人称三、三、 时态时态四、四、 语序语序 一、引导词一、引导词 1. 当直接引语是当直接引语是陈述句陈述句时，时，引导词为引导词为 1) He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2) He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said _______ I was younger than him. He says ________ Tom is a good student. thatthat that（（ ））（（ ）） 2. 当直接引语是当直接引语是一般疑问句一般疑问句时，引导词为时，引导词为 1) She asked, “ Do you often come here early? ”1. 2) “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. She asked ____________ I often came here early. He asked____________ they would go visit the Great Wall. if 或或 whetherif/whetherif/whether注意注意: 当句中有当句中有or 或或or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用 whether而不能用而不能用if. whether…or… 是是…还是还是… whether…or not 无论无论; 是否是否2) I don’t know ________it is going to rain or not.1) The young man asked ________ it's 2) summer or winter.whetherwhether 3. 3. 当当直接引语直接引语是特殊疑问句时，是特殊疑问句时，引导词引导词 为为 1) He asked, “Where do you live?” 2) “How can we get to the post office?” he asked. He asked ________ I lived. He asked____ they could get to the post office. 原特殊疑问词原特殊疑问词 where how 直接引语直接引语的句式的句式引导词引导词 陈陈 述述 句句 that一般疑问句一般疑问句if (whether)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句肯定句肯定句tell/ask sb. to do否定句否定句tell/ask sb. not to do例例: He said to me, “Open the door, please!” He asked/told me to open the door. 二、人称二、人称一主二宾三不变一主二宾三不变1.Tom says, “I’m from America.” →Tom says (that) ___ is from Americahe2. She asked me, “Where do you live?” →She asked me where ___ live. I3. Kate said, “ They like reading.” →Kate said (that) _____ liked reading. they注意：人称的变化包括人称代词、物主代词 和反身代词等。
1. 1.如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的 时态则时态则保持不变保持不变 he will ask Jim a question. I am a good friend. He says (that) he isn’t feeling well now. he came back last night. he has been here twice.三、时态三、时态 2. 2. 如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时一般过去时，直接引，直接引 语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上 要做相应的变化要做相应的变化v He asked me who lived here. v I said she was talking with her mother. v He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. v He said that he had seen it . 主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时 注意：注意：当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、 定理时，用定理时，用一般现在时一般现在时。
1.The teacher said that the earth _____ (go) 2. around the sun.2. The teacher said the sun ____ (rise) from the east and ____ (set) in the west . 3. The teacher said light ______ (travel) faster than sound. goesrisessetstravels 2. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when will he go to the library. 3. What does he want to buy ? My mother asked me what does he want to buy . he will go to()he wanted to()()1. Are they going to Canada in summer ? Lucy asked me if /whether are they going toCanada in summer . they are going to 四、语序四、语序间接引语使用间接引语使用陈述语序陈述语序 一、将下列直接引语变为间接引语。
一、将下列直接引语变为间接引语1.she says, “I’ll see a film.” She says ______ _____ _____ _____ a film.2.“Did Peter come here yesterday?” Li Lei asked. Li Lei asked me _____ Peter ______ here yesterday.3. “Where does she live?” Mr. Hu asked. Mr. Hu asked_______ ______ _______.4. She said, “Open the windows.” She asked me _____ ______ the windows.5. The teacher told us, “Don’t play on the road. The teacher told us____ ____ ______ on the road.6.Our geography teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” Our geography teacher told us______ the earth ______ around the sun.that she will seeifcamewhere shelivedtoopennot toplaythatgoes 7. “Where is Tom?” They asked. They asked _______ ______ _______ .8. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. Tom asked _______ ___ _______ ______ ______ .9. “Do they like to make friends with us?” He asked. He asked ___ _____ ______ to make friends with _____ . 10. “Can I borrow money from you?” She asked me. She asked me ____ ____ ______borrow money from ___ .11.“Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years . ” Jim told Lin Tao.Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr. Smith _____ _____ in China for about three years.where Tom waswhen he would come backif they likedthemif she couldmehad been 1. The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2. We don't know ______ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that DABC二、选择。
二、选择 5. I wonder _______ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out ______ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _______ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I don’t know ______ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whetherBABD 9. Could you show me ________ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station10. Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like11. My sister told him ________ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you liveCBD 1. ----- What ______ he _____ (say) just now ? I ______________ (not can hear) him . ----- He _______ (say) that he ________ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday .didsaycouldn’t hearsaidplanted2. He said that his parents _____________ (come) here tomorrow .3. He told me two weeks _______(be) enough.4. The teacher told us that the sun ______(be) bigger than the moon .iswaswould come三、用所给词的适当形式填空。
三、用所给词的适当形式填空 5. The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)6. Tom says that they ______________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. 7. He said that they ___________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)8. He asked what they ____________ at eight last night. (do)9. The teacher told his class that light ________ (travel) faster than sound. 10. He told me _____________ (not do) that again. will be were playing had been travels were doingnot to do 。
