2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解37.docx

2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The purpose of a （  ）is to cut down imports in order to protect domestic industry from foreign competition.问题1选项A.taxB.tariffC.feeD.toll【答案】B【解析】句意: 征收关税的目的在于削减进口，从而保护国内产业免受国际竞争名词辨析Tax征税，出租车; tariff关税,收费表; fee费用， 酬金; toll 征税, 代价根据后半句意推测B项正确2. 单选题The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with （  ）hope.问题1选项A.eternalB.everlastingC.ceaselessD.infinite【答案】D【解析】句意: 在这个国家多个地区发现新油田使政府充满无限的希望形容词辨析Eternal永恒的; everlasting永恒的，接连不断的; ceaseless不断的，不停的; infinite无限的，无穷的。

3. 单选题The Olympic Games were watched by （  ）billions of people around the world.问题1选项A.virtuallyB.deliberatelyC.literallyD.appropriately【答案】A【解析】句意: 几乎有数以亿计的全世界观众观看奥运会副词辨析Virtually几乎，事实上, 实际上; deliberately 故意, 谨慎地; literally字面上; appropriately适当地故A符合句意4. 单选题We have （  ）the system of exploitation of man by man.问题1选项A.canceledB.abolishedC.refusedD.rejected【答案】B【解析】句意: 我们己经废除了人剥削人的制度动词辨析Cancel取消，删除; abolish废除（一种制度，形式）; refuse拒绝； reject抵制，排斥. 因此B符合句意5. 单选题The （  ）they felt for each other was obvious to everyone who saw them.问题1选项A.affectionB.adherenceC.sensibilityD.sensitivity【答案】A【解析】句意: 每个看到他们的人都能看出他们互相之间的喜爱之情。

名词辨析Affection喜爱,钟爱; adherence坚持，遵守; sensibility敏感; sensitivity体贴，体恤故A符合句意6. 单选题Now the juries, and ultimately the society they speak for, have to find some way to express （  ）at the brutality that women and children face every day.问题1选项A.aggressionB.extenuationC.outrageD.suppression【答案】C【解析】句意: 现在，陪审团以及他们根本上所代表的社会，必须找到一些方法来表达对于妇女和儿童每天所面临的残酷的愤怒名词辨析Aggression进攻，侵略; extenuation减轻; outrage愤怒; suppression镇压，抑制因此C符合句意7. 单选题Blood vessels running all through the lungs carry blood to each air sac, or alveolus, and then back again to the heart. Only the thin wall of the air sac and the thin wall of a capillary are between the air and the blood. So oxygen easily diffuses from the air sacs through the walls into the blood, while carbon dioxide easily diffuses from the blood through the walls into the air sacs.When blood is sent to the lungs by the heart, it has come back from the cells in the rest of the body. So the blood that goes into the wall of an air sac contains much dissolved carbon dioxide but very little oxygen. At the same time, the air that goes into the air sac contains much oxygen but very little carbon dioxide. You have learned that dissolved materials always diffuse from where there is more of them to where there is less. Oxygen from the air dissolves in the moisture on the lining of the air sac and diffuses through the lining into the blood. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air sac. The blood then flows from the lungs back to the heart, which sends it out to all other parts of the body.Soon after air goes into an air sac, it gives up some of its oxygen and takes in some carbon dioxide from the blood. To keep diffusion going as it should, this carbon dioxide must be gotten rid of. Breathing, which is caused by movements of the chest, forces the used air out of the air sacs in your lungs and brings in fresh air. The breathing muscles are controlled automatically so that you breathe at the proper rate to keep your air sacs supplied with fresh air. Ordinarily, you breathe about twenty-two times a minute. Of course, you breathe faster when you are exercising and slower when you are resting. Fresh air is brought into your lungs when you breathe in, or inhale, while used air is forced out of your lungs when you breathe out, or exhale.Some people think that all the oxygen is taken out of the air in the lungs and that what we breathe out is pure carbon dioxide. But these ideas are not correct. Air is a mixture of gases that is mostly nitrogen. This gas is not used in the body. So the amount of nitrogen does not change as air is breathed in and out. But while air is in the lungs, it is changed in three ways: (1) about one-fifth of the oxygen in the air goes into the blood; (2) an almost equal amount of carbon dioxide comes out of the blood into the air and (3) moisture from the linings of the air passages and air sacs evaporates until the air is almost saturated.1.It can be inferred from the passage that oxygen and carbon dioxide（  ）.  2.When blood travels back to the lungs by the heart,（  ）.3.The movement of breathing can effectively（  ）.  4.When we breathe out, the amount of nitrogen（  ）.  5.The air in the lungs changes through（  ）.问题1选项A.produce energy for breathingB.diffuse immediately in the bloodC.penetrate slowly into the air sacsD.travel in opposite ways in the lungs问题2选项A.more oxygen was contained in bloodB.more carbon dioxide was contained in the bloodC.less carbon。