广东省佛山市2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量检测（一模）英语试题（解析版）

2022～2023学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测(一) 英语 2022. 12 本试卷共8页 满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。因不考听力, 试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始, 试题序号从“21”开始。 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Total Solar Eclipse 2023 Australia One of nature’s most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)－will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise(航游)at sea. There have been only five total solar eclipses in Australia over the past century and this is the first hybrid eclipse in more than 1000 years. Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and stargazing on land and at sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of eclipses, the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing. Plus, there will be additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click here for detailed arrangements of the tour. Single occupancy Per guest based on two people sharing Interior cabin £2, 429 £1,699 Oceanview cabin £3, 229 £2, 199 If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room, please ask for a quote. Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australia’s best scientific and natural phenomena with a series of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on the east coast and visits to Uluru, Sydney, the Great Barrier Reef and much more. On the last day of the tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home, or you can join one of our add-on tours. Click here for full details about add-on tours. 1. What makes the cruise different from others? A. A specialist’s guidance. B. A talk with astronomers. C. A chance for stargazing D. A meeting with astronauts. 2. How much should a couple pay for a tour in a Oceanview cabin? A. £ 3, 229. B. £2, 199. C. £. 6, 458 D. £ 4, 398. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To celebrate a historic event. B. To advertise a special cruise. C. To introduce a travel agency. D. To explain a natural phenomenon. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章是为可以参加澳大利亚西部边缘发生的日全食的海上巡航做广告。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall to accompany you. (与其他游轮不同的是，我们有著名的天文学家阿比盖尔·比尔陪同您。)”可知，专家的指导让这个游轮与众不同。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格Oceanview cabin后的“Per guest based on two people sharing £2, 199(按两人分摊每位客人2199英镑计算)”可知，夫妇两人要2199乘以2=4398英镑。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“One of nature's most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)－will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise(航游)at sea.(自然界最引人注目的事件之一——日全食——将于2023年4月20日在澳大利亚西部边缘发生，我们为你选择了享受这一事件的完美方式:在海上巡航。)”可知，本文的目的是为一次特别巡游做广告。故选B。 B Deveza’s mother was on the waiting list for a kidney transplant(肾移植). Deveza wanted to donate one of her own kidneys—but she was turned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in later life. Deveza came up with a different plan. In 2017, she started the world’s first paired exchange of different organs between living donors, exchanging half her liver(肝) for someone else’s kidney. A case study of the organ exchange has now been published, and the surgeons who were involved are calling for more exchanges like this. “You can imagine the enormous impact for mixed organ extended chains,” says John Roberts, a surgeon at University of California, San Francisco. Most organ transplants come from people who have died, but there are never enough organs. As most people can manage with just one of their kidneys, people with kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs from relatives or friends. If someone wants to donate but their immune(免疫的) system is unsuited, doctors may be able to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the other’s relative. When Deveza was looking into such chains, she came across research describing the idea of trading a kidney with the only other organ generally taken from a living donor—the liver. She suggested the idea to many hospitals before she finally contacted Roberts, who saw the idea’s potential. Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of her liver. It then took 18 months to find Annie Simmons, in Idaho, whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant for her sister with severe liver disease. They drew up a plan: Simmons would donate a kidney to Deveza’s mother, and in return, Deveza would give half her liver to Simmons’ sister. The hospital gave the go-ahead and the four operations took place on the same day successfully. The team hope tha