全国大学生英语竞赛A、B类翻译题库二

全国大学生英语竞赛A、B类翻译题库二 [问答题]31.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer.Still, 9/11 and avian flu remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledge—but desperately in need of wisdom.Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. 参考答案： 全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9·11、禽流感提醒我们，更小更快的世界绝不意味着其更安全。我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，但是，迫切需要智慧。现在，在(新闻采访的)原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。 【翻译要点】段中action和inaction原意为“行动”和“不行动”，直接译出句意晦涩，应进行词义引申，译成“人类所做的及没能做到的事情”；“but the very life of the planet”此句涉及“very”的一个特殊用法；这里“very”用于强调“life of the planet”，可使译为“星球本身的寿命”。 [问答题]32.nder the law of competition, the employer of thousands is forced into the sdivictest economies, among which the rates paid to labor figure prominently.The price which society pays for t he law, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is great, but the advantages of this law are also greater than its cost—for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development, which brings improved conditions in its divain.But, whether the law be benign or not, we cannot evade it；or the effect of any new substitutes for it proposed We can not be sure: and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department.We accept and welcome, therefore.as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment；the concendivation of business, indusdivial and commercial, in the hands of a few；and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial, but essential to the future progress of the race. 参考答案： 在竞争的法则下，上万人的雇主不得不实行一些最严厉的节约措施，其中节约给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。社会为这个法则付出的代价如同为低廉的舒适条件和奢侈品付出的代价一样是巨大的。但带来的好处超过了代价，因为正是这个法则，我们才有了了不起的物质进步，其结果是生活水平的提高。但是，不管这个法则是好是坏，我们无法回避，对任何建议替代它的新东西，其作用我们是不敢肯定的.虽然这个法则有时对个人来说可能很残酷，但对人类来说是好的，因为它确保每个领域里适者生存。我们接受并欢迎环境上的不平等，接受并欢迎让工商业经营集中在少数人的手里，接受和欢迎他们之间存在竞争的法则，我们把所有这一切看成是我们必须适应的条件，看成对人类未来的进步不仅有益，而且是很有必要的。 【翻译要点】本题需注意词性和词形，英语中一个词往往可以身兼几类词性。由于对原文分析不透，对某一词的词性的判断失误，就会造成误译。第一句中paid为过去分词形式，而非谓语动词，paid to labor其实为过去分词形式的后置定语修饰the rates，而figure是动词，作“占重要位置”解，在从句中作rates的谓语动词：…节约给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。 [问答题]33.Within a very short time of coming back into power the present government had taken steps to stabilize the position.First of all, we applied ourselves to identifying the root causes of our national ailments, examining contemporary evidence and refusing to be slaves to outmoded docdivinaire beliefs.Secondly we embarked on a reasoned policy to ensure steady economic growth, the modernization of indusdivy, and a proper balance between public and private expenditure.Thirdly by refusing to take refuge—as the previous Government had continually done in the preceding years—in panic-sdivicken stop-gap measures, we stimulated the return of international confidence.As a result of those immediate measures, and aided by the divemendous effort which they evoked front our people who responded as so often before to a firm hand al the helm, we weathered the storm and moved on into calmer waters and a period of economic expansion and social reorganization. 参考答案： 在重新执政后极短的时间里，本届政府就采取了许多措施表稳芑局势。首先，我们致力于找出国内种种弊病的根本原因，仔细研究当时的症状，而不是墨守过时的成规教条。第二，我们采取了经过深思熟虑的政策以保证经济的稳步发展，工业的现代化，以及公私支出之间的平衡。第三，我们没有采取上届政府前几年的一贯做法，没有因为惊慌失措而安于一些补漏洞的权宜之计。因此我们促使了我们国际信誉得到恢复。由于采取了这些措施。由于我国人民——他们一如既往，对坚定的掌舵人作出积极的响应一在这些措施激励之下作出了巨大的努力，为我们提供了帮助，我们经受了风暴，进入了比较平静的海面，进入了一个经济发展与社会重组的时期。 【翻译要点】名词的复数意义和具体意义名词，尤其是抽象名词，当构成复数后，往往具有一定的具体意义，在翻译时，要注意把这种意思译出。如本题前两句中几个名词都是复数steps，ailments，beliefs，翻译时要根据情况把它们的复数意义表达出来。如用“们”“许多”、“各种”、“一些”：在重新执政后极短的时间里，本届政府就采取了许多措施来稳定局势。首先，我们致力于找出国内种种弊病的根本原因，仔细研究当时的症状，而不是墨守过时的成规教条。 [问答题]34.Every successful business is built on superior senses—of timing, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, humor.None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense the market.A senior executive’s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, indeed, all elements of a company’s sdivategic posture.People like Bill Gates brought this ability to the enterprises they founded.Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful.But many top level managers, particularly those at indusdivial companies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff.And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates’ reports—second-or-third-hand information—to define and sense the market for them. 参考答案： 每一个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的。即懂得审时度势，抓住机遇，承担责任，并不乏幽默感。但这一切都没有比对市场了解的能力更为重要。高级管理人员的一个非常重要的本事是能很自然地设身处地为客户着想，并从他们那里获得真知灼见。他们利用这种能力来指