全国大学生英语竞赛A、B类改错题库一

全国大学生英语竞赛A、B类改错题库一 [问答题]1.Democracy is not a new conception.The ancient Athenians　　　　　　　　　　 1.______had a democratic system.Their democracy was the same asAmerican democracy in many ways.Furthermore, there are　　　　　　　　　　　　　2.______several important differences between their democracy and ours.　　The ancient Athenian citizens voted fortheir representatives, and they also voted for certain issues.　　　　　　　　 3.______Moreover, any qualified citizen could become public official.The　　　　　　　　4.______ancient Athenian democratic government also protected thecitizens’ right private property, encouraging private business and　　　　　　　5.______supported public education.　　A similar system of representative government exists in theUnited States.United States citizens vote for theirrepresentatives, and they can impeach representatives, too.　　　　　　　　　　　6.______American citizens also vote on certain important matters.In theUnited States, like in ancient Athens, any qualified citizen can　　　　　　　　 7.______become a public official.The government of this coundivy alsoprotects private property, encourages private business enterprise.and supports public education.　　The major difference between these two forms ofdemocracy is the definition of citizen.In ancient Athens acitizen was a free man, not a woman and a slave.Women and　　　　　　　　　　　 8.______slaves were largest part of the population; thus, the Athenian　　　　　　　　　 9.______democracy was not broadly representative.In the United States,however, all American men and women, of all races andreligions, are citizens.Slavery is legal in this coundivy.　　　　　　　　　　 10.______　　Therefore, American democracy is more broadly representative.In brief, democracy is an old and varied concept.In thePast it meant different things to many different people. 参考答案： 1.conception改为concept　conception表示“构思；想出的意念或计划”，而concept表示相对于实体的“概念”，该句意为“民主不是一个新的概念”。　　2.furthermore改为nevertheless或however　上一句说的是古代雅典的民主和美国的民主在许多方面是相同的，而这一句讲的是它们之间存在着几处重要的不同，相对于前面的内容，属于转折关系，而非递进关系，故应该将furthermore改为nevertheless。　　3.for改为on　就某事进行投票应该用“vote on sth.”，投票支持某人才用“vote for sb.”。　　4.public前加a　作“官员”讲时是可数名词，故单数时应添加不定冠词。　　5.encouraging改为encouraged这里encouraged和前面protected以及后面的supported属于并列结构，所以要一致。　　6.√　　7.lik改为as　like表“像……一样”时后一般接名词性成分，而as可以接介词短语。　　8.and改为or或and和a之间加not　这里要表达的“既不是一个妇女，也不是一个奴隶”为否定成分并列，所以有这两种改法。　　9.largest前加the　形容词最高级前应加定冠词the。　　10.legal改为illegal　根据上下文，这里应用反义词表示“非法的”。 [问答题]2.The hunter-gatherer divibes that today live like our prehistoric human　　　　　 1.______ancestors consume primarily a vegediv diet supplementing with animal foods.　 　 2.______An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung ofone-third concendivate on fishing, and only one-sixth are primarily hunters.Overall, two-thirds and more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from　　　　 　3.______plants.Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the Universityof London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting.An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible　　　　　　 4.______calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.______　　Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung diet, and no　　　 6.______or accidents, these contemporary aborigines live to old ages despite of the absence7.______of medical care.They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, littledental decay, no high blood pressure, no heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low (about half of the average American adult).　　　　 8.______If no one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life style, we certainly　　9.______could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet.　　　　　　　　　　 　10.______ 参考答案： 1.√　　2.supplementing改为supplemented　supplement和a vegetable diet是逻辑动宾关系，要用supplement的过去分词。　　3.and改为or　这里表示的是递进意义而不是转折关系。　　4.in改为on　on average是固定搭配，“平均”的意思。　　5.as改为while或whereas　这里要表示的是对比意义，所以要用while或whereas。　　6.去掉for，或provide改为account　provide是及物动词；account for构成。　　7.去掉despite后的of　despite相当于in spite of。　　8.half后加those　这里those指代前面的blood cholesterol levels。　　9.If改为While/Whereas　这里两个句子是对比关系。　　10.healthier前加a　diet是可数名词，前面要用不定冠词。 [问答题]3.Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to thegeneral public and to sociologists that modern society haschanged people’s natural relations, loosed their responsibilities　　　　　 　1.______to kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.______for superficial relationships with passing acquaintances.　　　　　　　　　　　 3.______However, in recent years a growing body of research hasrevealed that the “obvious” is not divue.It seems that if you area city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of yourneighbors than you if you are a resident of a smaller community.　　　　　　　　4.______But, for the most part, this fact has a few significant　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.______consequences.It does not necessarily follow that if you know fewof your neighbors you will know no one else.　　Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties withinsmall,