外研社应用英语教程综合英语3教案Unit_7.pdf

Unit 7 Language and Communication Text Analysis I.Background information 1.About the author The text is written by Deborah Cameron(born 10 November 1958).She is a feminist linguist who currently holds the Rupert Murdoch Professorship in Language and Communication at Worcester College,Oxford University.Cameron is mainly interested in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology.A large part of her academic research is focused on the relationship of language to gender and sexuality.2.About the text The text is extracted from The Myth of Mars and Venus:Do Men and Women Really Speak Different Languages?written by Deborah Cameron.The book was originally released in the autumn of 2008,which was published by Oxford University Press.The title refers to the central conceit of the book by John Gray of January 1992,Men Are from Mars,Women Are from Venus,which Camerons book is(partially)the response to.II.General analysis of the text The text is an argumentative essay arguing that there is a need to think about gender differences in the way they communicate in more complex ways than the prevailing myths and stereotypes allow.In the first part,the author mentioned the stereotype that males and females talk differently,which is regarded as an unquestioned article of faith by a lot of people.The stereotype has been reinforced by a lot of scholars in their works,but however widespread the stereotype is,it is a false belief.In the second part,the author discussed the consequences of the stereotype on both men and women.It is quite possible that men and women are not judged on the basis of a dispassionate analysis of the demands made by the job.Instead,the judgements are based on the everyday common-sense that most people who work in this industry are males or females.In the third part,the author concluded that the relationship between the sexes is not only about differences,but also about power.The male jobs are more varied,more creative,and better rewarded than their female counterparts,while the jobs to serve and care for people are usually done by females.According to the author,what linguistic differences there are,between men and women,are driven by the need to construct and project personal meaning,and identity.She challenges“the idea that sex differences might have biological rather than social causes”as being more motivated by the reaction to politically correct attitudes than being derived from basic research.There is as much similarity and variation within each gender as there is between men and women.The text can be divided into three parts,as shown in the following table.Part Paragraph(s)Main idea I 1-3 Introducing the theme of the essay:The stereotype that men and women talk differently is only a misplaced faith.II 4-10 Presenting the consequences of the idea that men and women differ fundamentally in the way they use language to communicate both on males and on females.III 11-13 Stating the conclusion that the relationship between the sexes is not only about difference,but also about power.III.Detailed study of the text Part I(paras.1-3)1.The idea that men and women“speak different languages”has itself become a dogma,treated not as a hypothesis to be investigated or as a claim to be adjudicated,but as an unquestioned article of faith.dogma:n.(often disapproving)a belief or set of beliefs held by a group or organization,which others are expected to accept without argument e.g.political/religious/party dogma Their political dogma has blinded them to the real needs of the country.dogmatic:adj.(disapproving)being certain that your beliefs are right and that others should accept them,without paying attention to evidence or other opinions e.g.There is a danger of becoming too dogmatic about teaching methods dogmatically:adv.in a narrow-minded dogmatic manner e.g.Course books should take account of students needs as learners and should facilitate learning processes without dogmatically imposing a rigid method.adjudicate:v.(on/upon/in sth)/(between A and B)to make an official decision about who is right in a disagreement between two groups or organizations e.g.A special commissioner was appointed to adjudicate on legal rights.adjudication:n.the final judgment in a legal proceeding;the act of pronouncing judgment based on the evidence presented(synonym:judgment)e.g.The case was referred to a higher court for adjudication.adjudication of bankruptcy:the judgment or decree of a court having jurisdiction,that a person against whom a petition in bankruptcy has been filed,or who has filed his voluntary petition,be ordered and adjudged to be a bankrupt.Notice“to be investigated”and“to be adjudicated”are infinitive phrases used as postpositive attributives.More examples:The project to be completed next week is very important.In the years to come,robots can probably do anything you can imagine.Shes the only woman ever to have climbed Mount Qomolangma in winter.Part II(paras.4-10)2.Whether or not they are“true”in any historical 。