2023年版美国联邦法院五大诉讼规则（中英文对照）.docx

2023年版美国联邦法院五大诉讼规则（中英文对照）涉美诉讼律师必备关键文件：美国联邦法院五大诉讼规则（中英文对照）1. FEDERAL RULES OF EVIDENCE 2021 EDITION2021版美国联邦法院证据规则 （中英文对照）2. 2021版美国联邦法院刑事诉讼规则（中英文对照）2021 FEDERAL RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE3. 2021 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure2021版美国联邦法院上诉程序规则 （中英文对照）.4. RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE OF THE UNITED STATESFEDERAL COURT2020版 美国联邦法院民事诉讼规则（中英文对照）5. 2012版美国国际贸易法院诉讼规则 (中英文对照)THE RULES OF THE U.S. COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE以下是《2021版美国联邦法院证据规则》部分章节Table of Contents 目录ARTICLE I. GENERAL PROVISIONS 第一章 总则Article II –Judicial Notice第二章 司法认知Article III –Presumptions in Civil Cases第三章 民事案件中的推定Article IV –Relevance and its Limits 第四章 相关性及其限制Article V –Privileges 第五章 特免权Article VI –Witnesses 第六章 证人Article VII –Opinions and Expert Testimony第七章 意见与专家证言Article VIII –Hearsay 第八章传闻Article IX –Authentication and Identification第九章 验真与辨认Article X – Contents ofWritings, Recordings, and Photographs第十章书写品、录制品和摄影的内容Article XI –Miscellaneous Rules第十一章 其他规则ARTICLE VI.WITNESSES第六章 证人Rule 601 –Competency to Testify in General规则601 作证能力的一般规定Every person iscompetent to be a witness unless these rules provide otherwise. But in a civilcase, state law governs the witness’s competency regarding a claim or defensefor which state law supplies the rule of decision.每个人都有作为证人的能力，除非本证据规则另有规定。

但是在民事案件中，如果州法就起诉或者辩护规定了适用的裁决规则，则证人的能力由州法调整Rule 602 –Need for Personal Knowledge 规则602 缺乏亲身知识A witness may testifyto a matter only if evidence is introduced sufficient to support a finding thatthe witness has personal knowledge of the matter. Evidence to prove personalknowledge may consist of the witness’s own testimony. This rule does not applyto a witness’s expert testimony under Rule 703.只有在提出的证据足以支持认定证人就某事项具有亲身知识的情况下，证人才可以就该事项作证证明亲身知识的证据可以包括证人自己的证言本条规则并不适用于专家证人根据规则703所作出的证言Rule 603 – Oath orAffirmation to Testify Truthfully规则603 宣誓或者郑重声明将如实作证Before testifying, awitness must give an oath or affirmation to testify truthfully. It must be in aform designed to impress that duty on the witness’s conscience.在作证前，证人必须宣誓或者郑重声明将如实作证。

该宣誓或者郑重声明必须以某种旨在以该职责触动证人良知的方式进行Rule 604 –Interpreter规则604 译员An interpreter must bequalified and must give an oath or affirmation to make a true translation.译员必须具有资格，并宣誓或者郑重声明将如实翻译Rule 605 –Judge’s Competency as a Witness规则605 法官充任证人的能力The presiding judge maynot testify as a witness at the trial. A party need not object to preserve theissue.主持审判的法官不得在该审判中作为证人作证当事人无需提出异议来留存此问题Rule 606 –Juror’s Competency as a Witness规则606 陪审员充任证人的能力(a) At the Trial. Ajuror may not testify as a witness before the other jurors at the trial. If ajuror is called to testify, the court must give a party an opportunity toobject outside the jury’s presence.(b) During an Inquiryinto the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment.（a）审判时。

在审判时，陪审员不得在其他陪审员面前作为证人作证如果陪审员被传唤作证，法院必须给予当事人在陪审团不在场的情况下提出异议的机会b）调查陪审团裁决或者起诉书有效期间1) ProhibitedTestimony or Other Evidence. During an inquiry into the validity of a verdictor indictment, a juror may not testify about any statement made or incidentthat occurred during the jury’s deliberations; the effect of anything on thatjuror’s or another juror’s vote; or any juror’s mental processes concerning theverdict or indictment. The court may not receive a juror’s affidavit orevidence of a juror’s statement on these matters.（1）禁止的证言或者其他证据。

在调查陪审团裁决或者起诉书的有效性期间，陪审员不得就陪审团评议期间作出的任何陈述或者发生的任何事件作证，或者就影响该陪审员或者其他陪审员的投票的任何事情作证，或者就该陪审员与裁决或者起诉书有关的思想过程作证就这些事项，法院不得接受陪审员的宣誓书或者关于陪审员的陈述的证据2) Exceptions. A jurormay testify about whether:(A) extraneousprejudicial information was improperly brought to the jury’s attention;(B) an outsideinfluence was improperly brought to bear on any juror; or(C) a mistake was madein entering the verdict on the verdict form.（2）例外陪审员可以就下列事项作证A）是否有无关的有害信息不当地引起了陪审团的注意；（B）是否有外部影响不当地影响了任何陪审员；或者（C）在将裁决制成裁决书时，是否存在错误Rule 607 –Who May Impeach a Witness规则607 谁可以弹劾证人Any party, includingthe party that called the witness, may attack the witness’s credibility.任何当事人，包括传唤证人的当事人，都可以攻击证人的可信性。

Rule 608 – A Witness’sCharacter for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness规则608 证人诚实与否的品性(a) Reputation orOpinion Evidence. A witness’s credibility may be attacked or supported bytestimony about the witness’s reputation for having a character fortruthfulness or untruthfulness, or by testimony in the form of an opinion aboutthat character. But evidence of truthful character is admissible only after thewitness’s character for truthfulness has been attacked.（a）声望或者意见证据可以用关于证人诚实与否至品性的声望证言或者关于该品性的意见形式的证言，来攻击和支持证人可信性，但是，只有在证人诚实品性受到攻击后，关于诚实品性的证据才具可采性。

b) Specific Instancesof Conduct. Except for a criminal conviction under Rule 609, extrinsic evidenceis not admissible to prove specific instances of a witness’s conduct in orderto attack or support the witness’s character for truthfulness. But the courtmay, on cross-examination, allow them to be inquired into if they are prob。