外研版初中英语时态精细讲解

动词的时态,初中英语语法,动词的时态结构歌谣,一般现在时，动词用原型；,一般时,单数三人称，动词加“s” 。,一般过去时，动词加“ed”。,I work.,He works.,I worked.,现在进行时,进行时,例句：I am working.,过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing。,was,were,-ing。,例句：I was working.,将来时,一般将来时，,would加原型。,过去将来时，,will加原型。,I will work.,I would work.,完成时,现在完成时，,have/has加过分。,I have worked.,过去完成时，,had 加过分。,I had worked.,各种时态的用法,一、一般现在时,1.用法：A.现在经常性的动作或状态 B.客观事实和真理。 2.标志词:always,usually,often, sometimes, never,every day /week /month/year/,1.The boy usually_(get) to school early.,gets,2.Light _(travel)faster than sound.,travels,二、一般过去时,1.用法：过去的动作或状态。 2.标志词：,yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last night/week/month,in the past；just now=a moment ago,点击中考,Li Ming didnt understand what American people said,_? (2004北京市中考) A.couldnt he B.could he C.didnt he D.did he,三、现在进行时,1.用法： A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。 B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。 2.标志词：now,Look! Listen!,中考模拟：,-Mike, who_football in the yard? -Let me go and see. （2004顺义）,A.has played B.will play C.was playing D.is playing,1.Look!What_the children_ over there?,2.Those workers_here these months. A.are work B.are worked C.work D.are working,A.are;do B.are;doing C.is;do D.is doing,3.-How_you_along with your workmates? -Very well.,A.do;get B.will;get C.can;get D.are;getting,4.-Must I water the flowers now? -No, you neednt. Jack_them.,A.is watering B.watering C.waters D.is watered,注意,A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。,1.-Lucy! Would you like to give me a hand? -OK. I_. A.will come B.come C.am coming D.would come,2.-When_you_for Toronto? -Tomorrow.,A.do;leave B.are;leaving C.will;leaving D.shall;leave,The boy _always _ us! (夸赞) A.is;helping B.does;help C.can;help D./;help,B.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩。,You _ always _ the same mistake! (责备) A.do;make B.does;make C.is;making D.are;making,四、过去进行时,1.用法：过去某时正在进行的动作。 2.标志词：at that time,this time yesterday,then,when,1.Father_when I _yesterday morning. A.still slept,got up B.was still sleeping,got up C.is sleeping,got up D.sleeps,get up,2.She_apples in her garden when I_to see her yesterday. A.picked，went B.was picking， went C.picked，was going D.was picking，was going,五、一般将来时,1.用法：将来的动作或状态。 2.结构：will shall be going to,3.标志词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in three days,in (the) future,next week/month/term, from now on,+V.(原型),（第一人称）,4.shall/will/be going to之间的区别：,1,计划决定要做某事，一般用be going to do 结构。,shall往往用于第一人称疑问句, will可用于任何人称。,2,will常用于表邀请或命令时以及带有意愿色彩。,3,1.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A.are going to be B.are going to haveC.is going to be D.will have,2.The twins_to the cinema with their parents tonight. A.will go B.would go C.are go D.went,3.-When_we have the meeting? -At 8. A.are B.shall C.would D.will,4.-When_you_for London? -Next week. A.will;leaving B.are;leaving C.shall;leave D.have;left,六、过去将来时,1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。 2.结构：would was/were/going to,+v.(原型),1.-What did he say yesterday? -He said he_to Sydney next week. A.goes B.will go C.would go D.are going 2.-Did your son fail his English exam once again? -Yes, but he told me he_hard next term. A.studies B.is studying C.will study D.would study,试题：,1.用法：,1,2,七、现在完成时,现在完成时,过去,现在,影响：作业都做完了，我能出去玩会儿吗？,这该死的！我都等了一个小时了，他怎么还不来？,过去的动作对现在的影响。 I have finished my homework.,过去的动作持续到现在。 I have stayed here for an hour！,2.标志词： already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before, since+时间点,for+时间段,3.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点： 共同点：动作都在过去。 不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在无关的过去动作用一般过去。) 4.易错点：,1,2,1,have gone to+地点,表示“去了某地”。（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人称。） They have gone to Europe. (They are not here.),have been to+地点,表示“去过某地”。（人已回） I have been to Europe. (I am not in Europe now.),3,have been in+地点+时间段,表示“在/来某地多久”。 I have been in Europe for three weeks. (I am now still in Europe .),2,5.瞬间动词和延续性动词 若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：,1.The film began 5 minutes ago. 2.They left an hour ago. 3.The man died a week ago. 4.He joined the club 3 days ago. 5.They got married 10 years ago. 6.He came here an hour ago. 7.Jack got home 2 hours ago. 8.Mum opened the door just now. 9.They got to know 10 years ago. 10.I borrowed the book a week ago. 11.I bought the car a year ago.,The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes. They_ _ _for an hour. The man_ _ _ for a week. He_ _ _the club for 3 days. They_ _ _for 10 years. He_ _ here since an hour ago. Jack_ _home for 2 hours. The door_ _open for a while. They_ _since 10 years ago. I_ _the book for a week. I_ _the car since a year ago.,has been on,have been away,has been dead,has been in,have been married,has been,has been,has been,have known,have kept,have had,1.-What a nice bike! How long_you_it? -Just two weeks.(2004北京市中考) A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had 2.-How long have you_here? -Since 1997. A.arrived B.moved C.come