建筑外文文献及翻译

建筑大学毕业设计外文文献及译文外文原文Study on Human Resource Allocation in Multi-Project Based on the Priority and the Cost of ProjectsLin Jingjing , Zhou GuohuaSchoolofEconomics and management, Southwest Jiao tong University ,610031 ,China Abstract-This paper put forward the affecting factors of projects priority. which is introduced into a multi-objective optimization model for human resource allocation in multi-project environment . The objectives of the model were the minimum cost loss due to the delay of the time limit of the projects and the minimum delay of the project with the highest priority .Then a Genetic Algorithm to solve the model was introduced. Finally, a numerical example was used to testify the feasibility of the model and the algorithm. Index TermsGenetic Algorithm, Human Resource Allocation, Multi-projects projects priority .1. INTRODUCTIONMore and more enterprises are facing the challenge of multi-project management, which has been the focus among researches on project management. In multi-project environment ,the share are competition of resources such as capital , time and human resources often occur .Therefore , its critical to schedule projects in order to satisfy the different resource demands and to shorten the projects duration time with resources constrained ,as in 1.For many enterprises ,the human resources are the most precious asset .So enterprises should reasonably and effectively allocate each resource , especially the human resource ,in order to shorten the time and cost of projects and to increase the benefits .Some literatures have discussed the resource allocation problem in multi-project environment with resources constrained. Reference 1 designed an iterative algorithm and proposed a mathematical model of the resource-constrained multi-project scheduling .Based on work breakdown structure (WBS) and Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition method ,a feasible multi-project planning method was illustrated , as in 2 . References 3,4 discussed the resource-constrained project scheduling based on Branch Delimitation method .Reference 5 put forward the framework of human resource allocation in multi-project in Long-term ,medium-term and short-term as well as research and development(R&D) environment .Based on GPSS language, simulation model of resources allocation was built to get the projects duration time and resources distribution, as in 6. Reference 7 solved the engineering projects resources optimization problem using Genetic Algorithms. These literatures reasonably optimized resources allocation in multi-project, but all had the same prerequisite that the projects importance is the same to each other .This paper will analyze the effects of projects priority on human resource allocation ,which is to be introduced into a mathematical model ;finally ,a Genetic Algorithm is used to solve the model. 2. EFFECTS OF PROJECTS PRIORITY ON HUMAN RESOUCE ALLOCATION AND THE AFFECTING FACTORS OF PROJECTS PRIORITYResource sharing is one of the main characteristics of multi-project management .The allocation of shared resources relates to the efficiency and rationality of the use of resources .When resource conflict occurs ,the resource demand of the project with highest priority should be satisfied first. Only after that, can the projects with lower priority be considered.Based on the idea of project classification management ,this paper classifies the affecting factors of projects priority into three categories ,as the projects benefits ,the complexity of project management and technology , and the strategic influence on the enterprises future development . The priority weight of the project is the function of the above three categories, as shown in (1). W=f(I,c,s) (1)Where w refers to projects priority weight; I refers to the benefits of the project; c refers to the complexity of the project, including the technology and management; s refers to the influence of the project on enterprise .The bigger the values of the three categories, the higher the priority is.3. HUMAN RESOURCE ALLOCATION MODEL IN MULTI-PROJECT ENVIRONMENT3.1 Problem DescriptionAccording to the constraint theory, the enterprise should strictly differentiate the bottleneck resources and the non-bottleneck resources to solve the constraint problem of bottleneck resources .This paper will stress on the limited critical human resources being allocated to multi-project with definite duration times and priority.To simplify the problem, we suppose that that three exist several parallel projects and a shared resources storehouse, and the enterprises operation only involves one kind of critical human resources. The supply of the critical human resource is limited, which cannot be obtained by hiring or any other ways during a certain period .when resource conflict among parallel projects occurs, we may allocate the human resource to multi-project according to projects priorities