2018-2019人教新目标高中英语选修六课件：unit 1 learning about language

,1. If everyone in the country knew (懂得) the knowledge of first aid, many lives would/could/might be saved (可以得到挽救).,2. If it were not for the fact that she _ sing, I would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not 【解析】选C。考查情态动词。从主句和从句中的谓语动词看出，该句使用的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。但the fact后面的同位语从句表述的是事实存在的情况，不能再用虚拟语气。故选C。,if 引导的条件句中的谓语动词用过去式（be的过去式一律用were）；主句中的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。,1. I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me. 2011天津高考 A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come,【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我知道他们在等我，我就会早点来了。题干中but I didnt know. . . 用了过去时，表示过去的事实，主句应用表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，相当于If I had known that they were waiting for me, I would have come sooner. 。,2. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him. 2010天津高考 A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 【解析】选 D。考查虚拟语气。第一句是陈述语气，说明动作发生在过去，复合句中的would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的条件从句应该用“had+过去分词”。故选D。,if 引导的条件句中的谓语动词用过去完成时(had+动词的过去分词); 主句中的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。,1. If it should rain/were to rain/rained (如果下雨), the crops would be saved. 2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come (come) to see you.,3. I have just learned that you are leaving tomorrow afternoon. But if you _ early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon. A. have started B. will start C. were to start D. were about to start 【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。从语境看，该句表达的是与将来事实相反的情况。这时条件句中的谓语动词应该用were to do结构。,if 引导的条件句中的谓语动词虚拟式有三种： (1)动词用过去式（be的过去式一律用were）； (2)should+动词原形； (3)were to+动词原形。主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。,1. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 【解析】选B。条件句为省略if而且与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，原句应为If you should be fired，意为“万一你被解雇”。,2. _ , everything would have been in a mess. A. Had he not been here B. Here he had not been C. He had not been here D. Had not he been here 【解析】选A。从句意看，条件句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而且省略if，这时应该将had提前，not留在原处。,if条件句中谓语动词有助动词should，were，had时，可以省略if，然后将should，were或had放到句首，变为倒装句式。 如果虚拟条件句是否定句，只将should，were或had提前，not留在原处。,1. I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone,【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：如果没有你的热心帮助，我肯定无法度过那段艰难的日子。根据句意可知，此句为对过去事情的假设，主句应该为“情态动词+ have done”结构，故A项正确。,2. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C . could manage D. can have managed 【解析】选B。由语境得出，句子表达的内容与过去事实相反。故选B项。,含蓄条件句中的条件是以but for (要不是)，without (如果没有；如若不是), or/otherwise (要不然)以及but或其他语境暗示出来的，这时主句谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。,1. If you had listened to me (听了我的话), you would not be so worried (不会这么担忧了) now.,2. Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意：或许要是那时我学的是科学而不是文学，我就能给你更大的帮助。根据从句时间状语then, 可知if条件句表示与过去事实相反的情况，要用过去完成时（had done），故选C。,通常情况下，在虚拟条件句中，主句和从句的谓语动词所指的时间是一致的，但有时主句和从句的谓语动词所指的时间不一致，这种情况被称为错综时间条件句。常见的是if条件句的动作与过去事实相反，主句的动作与现在事实相反。,