新概念英语第二册L73讲义史上最全!!

Lesson 73 The record-holder【New words and expressions】生词和短语（9）record-holder truant unimaginative shame hitchhike meantime lorry border evaderecord-holder 纪录保持者n.+ v.+ er 构词法 tennis playertruant n. 逃学的孩子，逃学者play truant 逃学（英） play hooky 逃学（美） evade school 逃学unimaginative adj. 缺乏想象力的imagine v. 想象，设想 imaginative adj. 有想象力的 imagination n. 想象力-tive 一般是形容词的后缀；-tion 一般是名词的后缀shame n. 惭愧，羞耻What a shame! 真可耻！ Shame on you! 替你感到可耻！shameful adj. 令人羞愧ashamed adj. 感到羞愧put sb. to shame 让某人感到羞愧对别人赞美的回答：Thank you. You are flattering me. （你过奖了。）put sb. to trouble 给某人带来麻烦hitchhike v. 搭便车旅行hitchhike = take a lift 搭便车hitchhiker n. 搭便车的人meantime n. 其间in the meantime = meanwhile 与此同时evade v. 逃避，逃离 vt.（巧妙地）逃脱，躲开She evaded a blow from the man and then called out for help. vt. 回避，逃避（尤指不当地）evade doing sth. 逃避做He always tries to evade paying taxes.avoid v. 逃避，逃离，避免avoid 指通过一种合理的，正当的手段来避免做某事evade 指通过欺骗的手段来避免做某事。 tax avoidance 避税 tax evasion 逃税【课文讲解】1、A quiet day's fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get.动词ing前面如果出现名词作定语，则采用名词所有格或名词短语本身的形式。eight hours' seeing the film非谓语动词做主语，一律作单数看。Three hours in the room，It is tiring.Three hours(') listening to the teacher is tiring.Three hours in the room listening to the teacher is tiring.over and over again = again and again 一次又一次，一再地，反复许多次地As my grandmother cant hear very well, I had to say it over and over again.as far as +从句最大程度，到程度，就而言As far as I know, his operations successful.2、They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1,600 miles.while 引导时间状语从句，一般放在前面或后面，放在中间就加上逗号。while doing 省略句，省略了主语和be 动词，这个主语一定就是主句的主语。putto shame 使蒙羞，使相形见绌What he has done put his parents to shame.3、He hitchhiked to Dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep.hitchhike to 搭便车去Dover n. 多佛（英国著名的港口）towards evening 快到晚上somewhere to sleep 可以睡觉的地方anything to do/drink 可以做的事/可以喝的东西（这里to do 做定语）4、When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to Calais.wake up 自己醒来Calais n. 加来（法国城市）in the meantime 在此期间5、No one noticed the boy as he crept off.creep off = creep awaycreep vi. 爬行，匍匐，（像爬行似地）慢慢前进The old car crept along the country road.A snake crept into the garden while she was writing a letter. vi. 悄悄地/蹑手蹑脚地走；渐渐产生/出现We crept upstairs so as not to wake Grandpa.He noticed that age had crept on him.6、The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris as he hoped it would, but to Perpignan on the French-Spanish border.take into 带到notbut 不是而是as sb. hoped 正如某人所希望的I became a good teacher as my mother hopes.than sb. expected 比某人所期待的还Don't ask what the country do for you, but ask what you do for the country.the French-Spanish border 法国与西班牙的边界（边界地带属于哪个地方由第一个国籍确定）7、There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to England by the local authorities.pick up 逮捕，拘捕After the accident, he was picked up by the police.【Key structures】简单句、并列句和复合句简单句是英语中最小的句子单位，一般有一个限定动词，它有一个主语和一个谓语，但可以用连词and将两个或两个以上的动词合并为一个简单句。根据动词后所使用的不同成分，简单句可有5种基本句型： 主语 +动词 主语 +动词 +主语补足语： 主语 +动词 +直接宾语： 主语 +动词 +间接宾语+直接宾语 主语 +动词 +宾语 +宾语补足语将几个简单句连接起来构成并列句。在并列句中不存在单独的主句和从属于它的从句；各小句根据上下文的要求按逻辑次序排列，但各小句都同等重要并独立存在。我们常常把并列句中的各小句看成是并列主句。可采用下列任何一种方式构成并列句： 用分号We fished all day; we didnt catch a thing. 用分号，后面跟一个连接副词(短语)，如however、above all、in addition、as far as等We fished all day; however, we didnt catch a thing. 用并列连词，如and、but、so、yet 等，前面常加逗号：We fished all day, but (we) didnt catch a thing.复合句的构成方法可以是把简单句连接在一起，但复合句的各个组成部分并非同等重要(此点与并列句不同)，其中总有一个独立小句(或称“主句”)和一个或一个以上的从属小句(或称“从句”)；主句往往可以独立存在。复合句的构成方法： 用连词将从句与主句连接起来：If youre not good at figures, it is pointless to apply for job in a bank.如果你不擅于计算，向银行求职就毫无意义。 用动词不定式或分词结构。它们是非限定性动词，是短语而不是从句，但它们构成复合句(而非简单句)的一部分。之所以如此是因为它们可以用从句的形式表现出来。To get into a university you have to pass a number of examinations.从句可分为：名词性从句；关系/形容词从句；副词从句。Holiday resorts which are very crowded are not very pleasant.那些拥挤的度假场所令人感到不很愉快。Howerver hard I try, I cant remember peoples names.【Multiple choice questions】10 They have been put to shame by a boy . They should feel _a_.(a) ashamed (b) shy (c) shyness (d) shamefulfeel（半联系动词）+ 形容词shyness n. 害羞shy adj. 害羞（指人的一种性格）shame v. 羞愧（跟人遇到某件事情当时的感觉有关系）shameful adj. 令人羞愧；ashamed adj. 感到羞愧1