2022年考博英语-辽宁大学考试题库及模拟押密卷61（含答案解析）

2022年考博英语-辽宁大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 翻译题仅仅传授专业知识是不够的。通过专业教育可以使人成为一种有用的机器，却不能成为一个全面发展的人。让学生对价值理念有所理解并产生热情，是不可或缺的。否则，他连同他的专业知识就更像一条受过良好训练的狗，而非一个和谐发展的人。他必须通过学习了解人们的动机、幻想和苦难，以便正确处理同他人和社会的关系。【答案】【参考译文】Only to impart professional knowledge is not enough. Professional education can make human being become a kind of useful machine, but cant make him a person of comprehensive development. It is absolutely necessary for letting students have some understanding of the concept of value and generate enthusiasm. Otherwise, he, together with his specialized knowledge, will more resemble a well-trained dog rather than a person of harmonious development. He must learn to understand peoples motivation, fantasy and misery so as to correctly handling the relationship with other people and the society.2. 翻译题Abstraction is an old story with the philosophers, but it has been like a new toy in the hands of the artists of our day. Why cant we have any one quality of poetry we choose by itself? We can have in thought. Then it will go hard if we cant in practice. Our lives for it.Granted, no one but a humanist much cares how sound a poem is if it is only a sound. The sound is the gold in the ore. Then we will have the sound out alone and dispense with the inessential. We do till we make the discovery that the object in writing poetry is to make all poems sound as different as possible from each other.It should be of the pleasure of a poem itself to tell how it can. The figure a poem makes. It begins in delight and ends in wisdom. The figure is the same as for love. No one can really hold that the ecstasy should be static and stand still in one place. It begins in delight, it inclines to the impulse, it assumes direction with the first line laid down, it runs a course of lucky events, and ends in a clarification of lifenot necessarily a great clarification, such as sects and cults are founded on, but in a momentary stay against confusion. It has denouement. It has an outcome that though unforeseen was predestined from the first image of the original moodand indeed from the very mood.【答案】【参考译文】抽象对哲学家来说已是轻车熟路，但对当代艺术家们却还是比较陌生。为什么我们不能把诗本身的特质抽象出来呢？我们可以意会这种特质的存在，但是如果我们不能实际找出这种特质，那么它是否存在可能就会成为一个问题。我们的生命向往那种特质。如果诗真的只是一种音律，我们认为只有古典文学爱好者才会关注它的完美。音律就像掺在矿石里的金子，我们只需把金子挑出，抛弃其他非必要之物。过去我们一直这样认识，直到发现写诗的目标竟然是尽量使得所有诗彼此不同。如果一首诗本身能说明它的形成过程，这将是非常愉快的。这就是一首诗的思路历程：它从愉悦的激情开始，以智慧的理性结束。这历程同爱情一样，没有人能够让那种强烈的情感静止于一点。它以愉悦的激情开始，趋向狂热的冲动，追踪着写出第一行诗所设定的方向，经历一系列妙手偶得的过程，达到一个恬适宁静的人生境界。并不需要宗教仪式里的那种庄严伟大，只要能片刻脱离尘世的纷扰。它有一个结束，它的结束虽难以预料但却已由其最初展现的心情注定，的确是完全由原来心情确定。3. 单选题England became unified late in the 15th century. On Bosworth Field, in 1485, Henry Tudor put an end to the civil strife of the Wars of the Roses and crowned himself Henry VII. Forcefully bringing recalcitrant nobles to heel, he strengthened his authority. For the first time in nearly a century, the country had stability in government and a considerable degree of peace and prosperity. Henry, therefore, could devote his attention to the promotion of commerce. He encouraged English merchants to enter foreign trade, supported the formation of trading companies, and restricted the activities of the foreign merchants in London and Bristol, who had monopolized trade. Columbus even sent his brother to England when he failed to obtain support from the Portuguese or Spanish Kings for his proposal that Cathay could be reached by sailing west across the Atlantic. Henry VII agreed to finance the voyage and urged Columbus to come at once to England. But, before the latter left Spain, the Spanish monarchs experienced a change of heart and supported the voyage that was to give Spain an empire.Meanwhile, Henry VII never gave up his hope of obtaining for England a share of the rich Eastern trade. British merchants established a trade link with Iceland about 1490. And encouraged by news of Columbus' voyage, on March 5, 1496, Henry VII granted letters-patent to the "well-beloved John Cabot" and his three sons to sail across the Atlantic to Asia. An Italian-born navigator, Cabot had lived in England since 1484. As a youth, he had visited the East, and when he arrived in London he had already decided that an all-water route could be found to the trading centers there. He may have made a few trips to Iceland before the King commissioned his trans-Atlantic voyage.In May of 1497, Cabot left Bristol with a crew of 18 and, after a voyage of 52 days across the North Atlantic, landed on Cape Breton Island and took possession of the land for Henry VII. From there, he explored several islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and in August returned to England and the praise of Henry VII, who granted him new letters-patent. When Cabot sailed again, in 1498, he had perhaps 5 or 6 ships, whose crews totaled some 300 men. The King personally financed a substantial portion of the expedition's cost. On his second voyage, Cabot probably explored the North American coast from Newfoundland south