短文写作中的经典语义过渡的模式以及必备句型

1短文写作中的经典语义过渡的模式以及必备句型 考研英语写作的题材多数同我们日常生活相关，通常涉及事物间的比较，要求说明其相似性、相异 性和事物之间的因果关系；有时要求考生分析事实，找出原因或解决问题的方法，或对一个问题提出个 人看法等。所以考生在复习写作时，要尽可能熟悉和掌握表达这些关系的常用句型，这将对提高写作能 力有较大帮助。 1.表示相似性的句型Moral corruption（A）is to the State（B）as physical disease（C）is to an individual body（D）.（A 之于 B 犹如 C 之于 D） Just as woods are indispensable to birds，so is the earth to human beings.（正如，也如此） As far as personality is concerned，Tom (A) and Peter (B) have almost everything in common.（A 和 B 有共同之处）My hobby (A) is similar to his (B) in that we both like collecting records，foreign and domestic. (A 与 B 相似)As the economies of all countries are closely interrelated no country can develop in self-seclusion. The same is true of China. (The same is true of. The same can be said of. 也是如此) 2.表示相异性的句型Beijing (A) is populous and crowded，while Canberra (B) is just the opposite.（A 与 B 正相反） Chinas condition (A) differs from ours (B) in that China has the largest population in the world. (A 不同 于 B 在于)While it may be true that basketball and volleyball share certain features，the excitement each arouses in the spectators is not the same.（是不相同的） 3.表示权衡性的句型It seems safe to say that the advantages of marriage outweigh the disadvantages of divorce.（利大于弊） Perhaps nothing can rival the pleasure from reading. (是无与伦比的) There could be no doubt that job-hopping has its drawbacks as well as merits.（既有优点也有缺点） Men (A)may be superior to women(B) in physical affairs. Yet，there is no difference in intelligence.（A 优于 B）Peoples attitude towards drugs varies from person to person.(是因人而异的) 4.表示过渡性的句型（承上启下，使新观点不至于显得突兀、武断）Some people argue as if it is a general truth that . But to be frank，I cannot agree with them for the following reasons.According to/As can be seen in figures/statistics /the findings/data released/provided by the government/an institute， .There are several/many causes/reasons for this dramatic/significant growth/change/decline/increase in . There are no less than three advantages in as rendered below. The reasons are chiefly as follows . Another reason why I advocate the attitude of is that. Last but not least， . What is more， . 5.表示倍数与比例关系的句型 近年来图表作文经常出现，考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型来解释图表、分析和表达数据间的 倍数和比例关系： Asia ranks first both in area and in population among the seven Continents.Europe is second to Asia in population，but in area it is the last but one.We all hope that a countrys population should be in proportion to its area, unfortunately the reality often goes against our will.2A is a far larger university，being over three times as big as B. 6.引用图表内容时的过渡句型 图表式作文经常使用 as 从句做解释性描述的过渡，它的运用，可以使短文由图画的说明解释，陡然 一转，由客观说到主观，由一般说到个体，过渡自然。This picture shows . At the beginning， ，as we can see in the upper half of the picture. However，the lower half of the picture shows that .As is revealed in the graph . As the survey results show . As we could find out later in this unit，his plan was not quite as he had expected. This table provides several important points of comparison between the two universities.As can be indicated in the table，the housing space for the staff of A in 1995 was 34 500 square meters，which nearly doubled the Bs corresponding figure. 7.描述图表常用的概括性句型 这种句子通常用于开篇和结尾。This table provides，several important points of comparison between the two key universities. The two graphs depict the same thing seen in two different ways. The first diagram simply records . The second graph throws a new light on .The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows： . If drivers continue to drive more carefully and further strengthen their sense of safety，the rate of accidents can be expected to decline even more dramatically in the year 1998. 8.引论或得出结论的句型As the proverb goes， “ ”. It is quite understandable that . Along with the development of society more and more problems are brought to our attention，one of which is that .Admittedly，there are merits to both sides of the argument. Contrary to widely held belief，I believe that . Now，it is commonly believed /some people think that ，but I wonder whether . 9.表示转折的句型On the surface of it，this may seem to be a good solution，but if thinking again，we would point out some drawbacks. At first thought，it may seem to be an attractive idea，but it does not bear closer analysis when we find . Superficially，it seems to be a sound solution，but when carefully weighing in the mind，we find that . A close inspection of these arguments would reveal how flimsy they are. The undeniable deficiency in this remark is that it is negligent of the bare fact that . However，we also cannot deny that . 10.表示解释、分析、引申的句型One very strong argument for is that . It is an obvious fact that . One of the most important things about is that . A particularly notable case of this matter is . We may look into every possible reason，however，foremost reason for is . is mainly/ partly/ also responsible for the rise