印度的可再生能源整合（英）-2021

RenewablesIntegration in India INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCYThe IEA examines thefull spectrumof energy issuesIEA membercountries:IEA associationcountries:including oil, gas andcoal supply andAustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceBrazilChinademand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement andmuch more. Throughits work, the IEAadvocates policies thatwill enhance thereliability, affordabilityand sustainability ofenergy in itsIndiaIndonesiaMoroccoSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandHungaryIrelandItalyJapan30 member countries,8 association countriesand beyond.KoreaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainPlease note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at SwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUnited Stateswww.iea.org/t&c/This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEAInternational Energy Agency Website: www.iea.org National Institution for Transforming India The National Institution for Transforming India, also called NITI Aayog, was formedvia a resolution of the Union Cabinet on January 1, 2015. NITI Aayog is the premierpolicy Think Tank of the Government of India, providing both directional andpolicy inputs. While designing strategic and long term policies and programmesfor the Government of India, NITI Aayog also provides relevant technical adviceto the Centre and States.At the core of NITI Aayogs creation are two hubs Team India Hub and theKnowledge and Innovation Hub. The Team India Hub leads the engagement ofstates with the Central government, while the Knowledge and Innovation Hubbuilds NITIs think-tank capabilities. These hubs reflect the two key tasks of theAayog. NITI Aayog is also developing itself as a State of the Art Resource Centre,with the necessary resources, knowledge and skills, that will enable it to act withspeed, promote research and innovation, provide strategic policy vision for thegovernment, and deal with contingent issues.More information about the NITI Aayog can be found at: http:/niti.gov.in. PAGE | 3 Renewables Integration in India 2021AbstractAbstractThis report suggests ways for India to maximise the amount and value of solarand wind power in its electricity system. It addresses demand-side flexibility,power plant flexibility, storage (pumped-storage hydro and batteries) and gridflexibility, as well as policy, market and regulatory solutions for the short to mediumterm. It adds to existing research by focusing on renewable integration in individualstates, rather than at the national level, as the power system flexibility challenges,solutions and priorities are different in each state. The report presents findingsfrom consultations with national and regional stakeholders and the results ofparallel in-depth analysis, including two newly developed, detailed power sectorproduction cost models developed at the IEA to illustrate flexibility challenges andsolutions specific to the India context the five-region India Regional PowerSystem Model and the Gujarat State Power System Model.PAGE | 4 Renewables Integration in India 2021ForewordForewordIndia has made remarkable progress in recent years bringing energy services toits citizens. In less than two decades, 900 million people have gained access toelectricity including 100 million in 2018 alone and the countrys energy demandhas more than doubled over the same period. But Indias per capita electricityconsumption is still only one-third of the global average.Such steep growth in energy demand inevitably poses challenges for this diverseand dynamic nation, particularly to establishing the policy and market conditionsto provide secure, affordable and clean energy for all its people. To facilitate thesegoals, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has developed a close workingrelationship with the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog).Together, they have produced a series of reports and held workshops to supportIndia in its quest to provide much-needed energy to its economy and people whileminimising the associated environmental impacts.Renewables Integration in India 2021 is the latest result of our collaboration with