英语语法详解-状语从句

状语从句Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses:1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）时间状语从句）2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句）原因状语从句）3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句）条件状语从句）4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句）地点状语从句）5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句）目的状语从句）6. 6.Adverbial Clauses of ResultAdverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句结果状语从句）7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较比较状语从句状语从句）8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步让步状语从句状语从句）9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句方式状语从句 ) )一一Adverbial Clauses of TimeAdverbial Clauses of Time时间状语从句时间状语从句1.1.时间状语从句的引导词：时间状语从句的引导词： when, while, as, before, after, since, till, when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, immediately, directly, as soon as, until, immediately, directly, as soon as, no soonerno soonerthanthan, hardly, hardlywhen, when, every time, each time, the moment,every time, each time, the moment,2. 时态呼应：A.while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词She listened closely while he read.She listened closely while he read.B.since引导的从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时How long has it been since you were in London?*It was three years since he worked.C. as soon as, no sooner than, hardlywhen引导的从句中谓语动词要用过去完成时Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me.Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me.二. Adverbial Clauses of Place . Adverbial Clauses of Place ( (地点状语从句）地点状语从句）1. Where there is water, there is living things.2. Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.地点状语从句和地点状语从句和where定语从句的区别：定语从句的区别：The two rivers meet _ there is a mount.A.where B.at the placeC.the place at which D. at whichA.whereTips: Tips: 介词介词+which +which 代替只有是定语从句情况下代替只有是定语从句情况下才用，判断是否是定语从句，要看从句前是否有才用，判断是否是定语从句，要看从句前是否有先行词，有先行词的是定语从句。先行词，有先行词的是定语从句。三三. Adverbial Clauses of Conditions Adverbial Clauses of Conditions ( (条件状语从句）条件状语从句）1.引导条件状语从句的词：引导条件状语从句的词： if, unless, so/as long as, provided, supposing, on condition that, in case If it is fine tomorrow, well go camping. Unless he writes me back, Ill not write him again. So long as we work hard, we are sure to make much progress.Supposing we cant get him informed in advance, what should we do? Ill come provided I am well enough.Shylock agreed to lend Antonio the money on condition that Shylock could take a pound of his flesh from whatever part of his body.2 这些词一般不能引导虚拟语气的条件从句这些词一般不能引导虚拟语气的条件从句,只有只有if 可以可以引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句。引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句。If I were you, I would say “yes”.If you had been here earlier, you would have met the famous singer.If he studies hard now, he would be a college student soon.if, if only 引导的条件状语从句中会出现陈述语气和虚拟语气.(使用时注意上下文的限制及语气.)If alive, her mother must be at least eighty years of age.The fish would live quite a week if given water.What would Tom think of him if he failed?If anything had happened, he would have let her knowIf I were you, I would go to night school.If only he had seen me!If the photograph werent missing.If he didnt drive so fast.四四. Adverbial Clauses of Reason Adverbial Clauses of Reason ( (原因状语从句）原因状语从句）1. We hurried, because it was getting dark. 2. As I knew he was ill, I didnt call.3. Since his method doesnt work, lets try yours.4. The electric current must have been turned off, for the light went out. 不是状语从句，不是状语从句，陈述间接的、推测性的原因，陈述间接的、推测性的原因， 不放句首不放句首as, since与now that 意思相近意思相近for: 表示前后推理关系表示前后推理关系It must have rained last night, for the ground was all wet.because: 语气最强烈，在回答语气最强烈，在回答why why 问题或在强调结构问题或在强调结构中必须用中必须用becausebecausePlease fill in the blanks with because, since, as or for: 5.The light went out, _ the electric current was turned off.6. _ everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.7. I cant go, _ I am busy.becauseSinceas断电是灯灭的直接原因。断电是灯灭的直接原因。既然既然 ，前后是推理关系。，前后是推理关系。由于我太忙。由于我太忙。五五.Adverbial Clauses of Concession Adverbial Clauses of Concession ( (让步让步状语从句状语从句）1.Though/ Although he tried hard, he was not successful.2. He did well in his examination, even if he didnt get a price.3. However hard he tried, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.4. Whether he works or not, I dont think he will pass his exam.5. Whatever you may say, I still think I did the right thing.6. No matter whether you agree or not, I shall pay him the price he asks. 1. 让步状语从句一般由如下的词或词组引导：让步状语从句一般由如下的词或词组引导：though, although, even though, even if, though, although, even though, even if, whatever, whenever, however(+ adj.), whatever, whenever, however(+ adj.), whetheror not,no matter whether or not.whetheror not,no matter whether or not. 2. even if & even though 2. even if & even thoughA.Even if we achieve great successA.Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be proud. in our work, we should not be proud.B. Even though he was late, he was not B. Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher. criticized by the teacher.A.A.引导把握不大或假设的事情引导把握不大或假设的事情B.B.引出的是事实引出的是事实 3: 让步状语从句的其他结构：让步状语从句的其他结构：1.