2004年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题（含解析）

2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D onANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by youngpeople) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were notsufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimesin 4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 5 as a rejection of middleclass values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changesin the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 makegainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead moreyouths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households ortwo working parents; 14 , children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was commonin the traditional family 16 This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence onjuvenile crime rates. Other 17 causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, theincreased 18 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. Allthese conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a directcausal relationship has not yet been established.2004年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 1 页，共 12 页1. A actingB relyingC centeringD commenting2. A beforeB unlessC untilD because3. A interactionB assimilationC cooperationD consultation4. A returnB replyC referenceD response5. A orB but ratherC butD or else6. A consideringB ignoringC highlightingD discarding7. A onB inC forD with8. A immuneB resistantC sensitiveD subject9. A affectB reduceC checkD reflect10. A pointB leadC comeD amount11. A in generalB on averageC by contrastD at length12. A caseB shortC turnD essence13. A survivedB noticedC undertakenD experienced14.A contrarilyB consequentlyC similarlyD simultaneously15. A thanB thatC whichD as16. A systemB structureC conceptD heritage17. A assessableB identifiableC negligibleD incredible18. AexpenseB restrictionC allocationD availability19. A incidenceB awarenessC exposureD popularity20. A providedB sinceC althoughD supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)2004年全国硕士研究生考试英语（一）真题第 2 页，共 12 页Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a jobdatabase on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the sites personal searchagent”. Ifs an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary,then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywordslegal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of anopening. 46I struck gold, says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a positionas in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can betime-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. Butalthough a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria,for example, may work against you: Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility? says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept-what you think you want todo- then broaden it. None of these programs do that,“ says another expert. Theres no careercounseling implicit in all of this/9 Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service tokeep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check thedatabase again. I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database thatmight interest me,“ says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite agent sends outmessages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potentialjobs-those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters willhave to visit the site again to find themand they do. On the day after we