牛津译林版八下Unit1知识点梳理.doc

Unit 1 Past and prese nt1.1 Comic strip & Welcome to the unit1: past and present(1) pastn.过去，以前；in the past在过去adj.过去的，以前的；in the past few years在过去的几年里prep.经过 walk past the post office 走过邮局In the past there was no un dergro und in Nanj ing.Let ' s not make tpast mistakes.When I walk past the post office, I see a bird flying over the tree.(2) presentadj.现在的；目前的；出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在 ; a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍；出现；提出；赠送；Every one can bepresented apresent at present2： You' vechanged, Eddie. You used to share food with m你变了。

你以前跟我 分享食物的1) change vt./vi. 改变，变更; change into变成n.变化，改变； change(s) to ..的变化Great changesto Nanj ing have take n place.(2) usen.用途；使用能力；运用头脑(或身体)的能力；vt.用，使用；行使，①used to (do sth.) 过去常常(做某事)”批注： 否定形式：didn ' use to /usedn' t to② get/be used to(doing sth.)习惯于(做某事)He used to go fishing every Saturday. But since he changed his job, he barely（几乎 's不）had a chanee. He thinks he ' lbeiuserd tothis busy lifestyle.useful adj.有用的；useless adj.无用的3: I first lived in the northern part of the town with my parents.北南西东东南东北西南西北adjn orther nsouther nwester neasternsoutheaster nn orthweste rnno rthwester nn orthwester nn .n orthsouthwesteastsoutheastn orthwestno rthwestn orthwestBeijing is in the northern part of China.批注：注意in the north与in the northern part of的同义句转换。

例如：Beijing is in the north of China.=Beijing is in the northern part of China.4： When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we ' ve lived in this area since then当我 佃65结婚的时候，我的妻子和我搬到了两个街 区之外，从那之后我一直住在那个地方1） marry: vt.& vi.（使）结婚；娶；嫁；结合；marry sb 与某人结婚 marry A to B把A嫁给Badj. married 已婚的； 短语： A and B get married /A get（s） married to Bn marriage 婚姻Some young couplesgot married on that day.（2） move: vt.& vi.移动，搬动；使感动move away 搬走 move into 搬进 move out of 搬出...Every year millions of people moved into the city while millions of people moved away.5: Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.turn into进入，拐进；（使）成为，（使）进入 turn... into把…变成I saw him turn into the library.How can you turn a bottle of water into a bottle of orange juice?turn on开turn off关 turn up调高；开大(音量、煤气等)turn down调低；关 小(音量、煤气、灯火等)turn over把 翻过来turn back往回走 turn left向左转turn right向右转6： There was once a steel factory near the Sunshine Rive阳光河附近曾经有一 个钢铁厂。

once adv.曾经 =used toThere was oncea shopp ing centre here.=There used to be a shopp ing centre here.n.—次，一回；=one timeI am used to doing exerciseoncea week.7: They often put the waste into the rive他们经常把垃圾放到河里put sth into把 放进，使进入Pleaseput the food into the fridge.put away拿走，储存…备用 put back放回；向后移put down 写下； 记下 put on 穿上put off延期；推迟 put out熄灭；关熄；扑灭put up举起；抬起；张贴8: Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation后来政府意识到这个问题并采取行动去改善这种情况1) realize v.意识至实现=come trueMy dream comes true.=I realize my dream.(2) improve v 提高；改善；改进n. improveme nt 提高，改进；improve living standard 提高生活水平;iprove your En glish;改善你的英语；Do you know how to improve your memory?9: Now the river is much cleaner.现在河流干净了很多。

此处的much用于修饰形容词比较级类似的用法还有： much; still; even; far; alittle; a bit; a lot;--How do you feel today? --Even worse10: Well, in some ways it is.(P9好 的，在某种程度上它是短语in some ways在某些方面，在某种程度上In some ways I do agree with you.1. in many ways在许多方面；用许多方法； in this way用这种方法；2. on one ' s wa表示 在某人去 的路上”(home/here/there这几个词前不需要加to)3. by the way表示 顺便说/问一句”；4. all the way表示 全程；一直”5. in a way在某一点上，在某种程度上6. in the way挡道 in the way of sb挡在某人路上11世 has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before 们来 说像以前一样的经常见面已经变得不可能了。

1) 此处的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to see each other.常用句型：It is +adj+ for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事是怎样的It is dan gerous for us to go out alone at ni ght.(2) as often as before像以前一样的经常 as ... as 像一样12:Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.现在我经常会感到有点孤单1) lonely: adj.孤独的，孤单的；寂寞的；荒凉的feel lo nelyalone adv.单独，独自=by oneself= on one ' s own1.Our teacher asks us to finish the task alone.=Our teacher asks us to finish the task by ourselves.=Our teacher asks us to finish the task on our own.2. My grandma lives alone, so she feels lonely sometimes.（2）time: n 时间; 次数;时代（常用复数 ）at the same time 同时 in time 及时；适时 on time 按时，准时；按时 all the time 始终，一直 at a time 一次；每次；在某时from time to time 不时，有时 for the first time 首次；第一次1.2 Reading1. I've just eaten it.just adv.意为 刚才”常与完成时连用。

just now意为 刚才”相当于“a moment agdS常与一般过去时连用I went to the library just now. 我刚才去了图书馆2. You used to share food with me!used to do sth.意为 过去经常做某事，以前常常做某事 ”表示过去的习惯本 身已是过去时态，没有人称和数的变化，暗含现在已不再如此它的否定形式有 两种：didn ' t use to/used not toHis pare nts used to live in the coun tryside. 他的父母过去住在乡下be used to doi ng sth.习惯于做某事3. take turns to talk about it.turn用作名词时，意为 轮流”依次轮流的顺序” “It's one ' s turn to de轮到某人做某事了 ”take turns to do sth.轮流做某事”You must stand in l。