英语四级备考选词填空技巧.docx

英语四级备考选词填空技巧　　英语四级备考选词填空技巧 　确定空白处词性 　以下情况，空白处为动词： 　1 n./pron. vt. n./pron. 前有名后有名，中间谓动 　2 n./pron. vi. 前名后无名，谓动不及物 　3 n./pron. vi. adv./prep.前名后介副，谓动不及物 　4 n./pron. link v./be adj.前名后形容，be动或系动 　5 to v. 前有to，后原型 　注意：确定空白处为动词，还需根据上下文确定正确形式 　以下情况，空白处为分词： 　过去分词： 　1has/have/had p.p(完成时态) 　2be p.p(被动语态) 　3p.p n.或 n. p.p(过去分词做形容词，表示被动或已发生) 　现在分词： 　1be -ing(进行时态) 　2-ing n.或n.-ing(现在分词做形容词，表示主动或正在进行) 　3prep. –ing(介词宾语) 　以下情况，空白处为名词： 　(名词通常做主语或动词介词宾语) 　1a/the n. 前有冠词 　2n. V. 空白后为谓语动词 　3prep. n. 空白前为介词，则空白处为名词或动名词 　(注意：根据空白处前的冠词和上下文判断所填名词的单复数;根据空白处后的谓语动词的形式判断所填名词的单复数) 　以下情况，空白处为形容词： 　1adj. n. n. adj. 空白前后是名词 　2adv. adj. 空白前是副词 　3link v./be adj. be动或系动后考虑形容词做表语 　以下情况，空白处为副词： 　1adv. v.或 v. adv.副词修饰动词，表示程度状态 　2adv. adj.副词可修饰形容词 　3adv.从句，有些副词做句子的状语，表示转折因果等逻辑关系 　确定考点需要积极意义还是消极意义，继而缩小选择范围，节省大量时间。

　Sample: The classroom (offers) opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with _______ , peaceful ones. 　(根据语法判断此处为形容词，与peaceful有一样具有积极意义，与前文的angry, violent词义色彩相反，那么comprehensive, cooperative, entire应选择cooperative) 　介词后一定是名词或动名词做宾语. 　注意 to (介词动词不定式) 　to的短语接动名词 :abandon oneself to(沉溺于), adhere to(坚持), stick to(坚持，信守), cling to(坚持，忠于), admit to(承认), confess to(承认), contribute to(做贡献), feel up to(感觉能胜任), get down to(开始着手做), give one’s mind to(专心), give way to(让步), yield to(屈服), lead to(导致), look forward to(渴望), object to(反对),take to(开始从事，喜欢), turn to(求助), succumb to(屈服), see to(照顾，料理), get used to, be accustomed to, be addicted to, be committed to, be dedicated to, be devoted to, be opposed to, be reduced to, be subject to(受支配的，常遭受), submit to(顺从，屈服) 　利用不定冠词(a/an)判断考点是否为元音开头，缩小选择范围 　Sample: Husband and children now do some of these jobs, a ____ that has changed the target market for many products. 　(scale, potential, gap, extreme, purchase, situation) 　充分利用词库中的近义词或反义词 　(若词库中出现一对近义或反义词，其中一个必定是干扰项.反义词考查学生对文章语境色彩的辨析，只要辨析考点单词是积极还是消极意义，就不难排除.近义词考查考生对词汇搭配用法的掌握，需要学生牢记近义词的各种用法及搭配。

) 　Sample： 　A) gravely B) respect C) limited 　D) specialize E) seriously F) promoting 　G) involves H) relieved I) significant 　J) magnificent K) range L) issues 　M) result N) determining O) complicated 　Today, we take pain______. 　(此处应用副词做状语，考查近义词辨析.Take sth. seriously为固定搭配) 　注意一词多性：词库中的词有的既是名词又是动词，有些分词也可以充当形容词，确定空白处所需单词词性后要全面考虑词库中的单词词性，不能遗漏 　EI Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃(degrees centigrade). 　The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51 . 　EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years. 　Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an EI Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be. 　其选项如下： 　A) estimate; 　B) strength; 　C) deliberately; 　D) notify; 　E) tropical; 　F) phenomenon; 　G) stable; 　H) attraction; 　I) completely; 　J) destructive; 　K) starvation; 　L) bringing; 　M) exhaustion; 　N) worth; 　O) strike 　解题方法 　一、辨析词性 　把十五个选项按词性分别归入名词、动词、形容词、副词等类别。

　纵观样题和真题，我们知道15个词汇都属于最重要的四类实词我们要学会每种词汇的基本搭配和基本用法 　辨性要注意下面几点 　1.遇到动词进行二次分类：确定时态，确定是第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数;但应注意动词+ed型的有两种可能性，动词或形容词;遇到名词要确定单数还是复数 　2.不认识的`单词，看后缀构词法中，前缀表明意思，后缀表明词性所以看一个词的后缀，往往能大致分出词性 　3.词性一时无法确定的，暂时搁置，不必纠缠，影响全局 　4.作出相应的标记可直接用自己最清楚的符号清楚标在每个词前后不清楚的都标问号 　以真题为例辨词性 　A) estimate; B) strength; 　C) deliberately; D) notify; 　E) tropical; F) phenomenon; 　G) stable; H) attraction; 　I) completely; J) destructive; 　K) starvation; L) bringing; 　M) exhaustion; N) worth; 　O) Strike 　名词：B,F,H,K,M 　(B的后缀th, H、K、M的tion都是名词后缀) 　谓语动词：A,D,O 　(A的-ate极可能是动词，D的-fy为动词后缀) 　非谓语动词：L(-ing结尾) 　形容词：E, G, J 　(E的-cal, G的able, J的tive是形容词后缀) 　副词：C和I(ly加在形容词后为副词后缀) 　注意：即使从没见过，也想办法看能否判断其词性，词的性质有时比词义还重要。

词的性质并不总是固定的，有些不认识的或无法确定的，如N) worth (adj./n.)，可先搁置，不要过度纠缠。