1314商务合同翻译.ppt

合同的翻译Conceptn n合同(Contract)，又称为契约、协议，是平等的当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议 Content and Structure of the Contractn n1.合同名称及编号 （Title, NO.)n n2.序文/前文 (Preamble)n n3. 本文 （Body)n n4.附件 （Appendix）n n5.结尾立证条款 (WITNESS Clause) n n1.合同名称及编号（Title,NO.)n n在商务合同中，按照重要性和繁简程度不同，可以采用不同的书面形式：n Contract 正式合同n n Agreement 协议n n Memorandum 备忘录n n Confirmation 确认书n n Order 订单 n合同名称的两种写法：n nPurchase Agreement，n nAgency Contractn nAgreement for Purchase，n nContract for Agency n n2.序文/前文 (Preamble)n n1.订约日期： Date of Signing n n2.订约当事人：Signing Partiesn n the Parties Concernedn n3.订约地点： Place of Signingn n4.订约缘由： Recitalsn n WHEREAS Clause本文 （Body)n（1）.定义条款： Definition Clausen（2）.具体条款： Specific Clausen（3）. 一般条款：General Clause a.合同有效期限合同有效期限 （（Duration)Duration)b.终止终止 (Termination)(Termination)c.不可抗力不可抗力 （（Force Majeure)Force Majeure)d.合同的让与合同的让与 （（Assignment)Assignment)e.仲裁仲裁 （（Arbitration)Arbitration)f.适用法律适用法律 （（governing law) governing law) g.诉讼管辖诉讼管辖 （（Jurisdiction)Jurisdiction)h.通知手续通知手续 （（Notice)Notice)i.合同的修改合同的修改 （（Amendment)Amendment)j.其他其他 （（Others)Others) nThis Confirmation shall be governed by the laws of the People’s Republic of China.n n本确认书适用中华人民共和国法律 Have a tryn nThis Contract shall be written in Chinese and in This Contract shall be written in Chinese and in English version. The languages in question shall be English version. The languages in question shall be equally authentic. In the event of any discrepancy equally authentic. In the event of any discrepancy between the two versionsbetween the two versions，，the Chinese version shall the Chinese version shall prevail.prevail.n n4.附件 ： Appendix (Annex)n n5.结尾立证条款 ： WITNESS Clause①①结尾语包括合同的份数、使用的文字和效力等 （Concluding sentence)②②签名 （Signature)③③盖印 （Seal) 商务合同的词汇特点n使用专业术语 n使用书面用语 n使用古英语 n使用成对意义相近或相对的词 n用情态动词加强语气使用专业术语n n涉外商务合同的种类繁多，涉及面广。

合同涉及的内容不涉外商务合同的种类繁多，涉及面广合同涉及的内容不同，使用的专业术语也不同同，使用的专业术语也不同n n财经类术语：财经类术语：n ninventoryinventory；；hedgehedge；；liabilityliabilityn n商务类术语：商务类术语：n nbill of lading; blank endorsed; appraisalbill of lading; blank endorsed; appraisal使用书面用语n n1) At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to 1) At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to send technicians to assist Party B to install the Party B to install the equipment.equipment.n n应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术员帮助乙方安装应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术员帮助乙方安装设备设备(help)(help)n n2 2））Party A shall Party A shall repatriate the patient to China the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing.and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing.n n甲方应将病人遣返中国，负责病人回到北京的旅甲方应将病人遣返中国，负责病人回到北京的旅费。

费send back) send back) 使用古英语n n以以 ““herehere””, , ““therethere””, , ““wherewhere””等加上等加上 ““inin””, , ““afterafter””, , ““byby””, , ““ofof””等构成的古等构成的古体英语在合同中比比皆是体英语在合同中比比皆是Examplen nherebyn n英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹n nhereof英文释义: of this中文译词:关于此点；在本文件中n nhereto英文释义: to this中文译词:至此，在此上n nherein英文释义:in this中文译词:此中，于此 n nhereinafterhereinafter英文释义英文释义:later in the same Contract:later in the same Contract中文译词中文译词: :以下以下, ,在下文在下文n nthereintherein英文释义英文释义:in that; in that particular; in that :in that; in that particular; in that respectrespect中文译词中文译词: :在那里；在那点上，在那方面在那里；在那点上，在那方面n n thereof英文释义: of that, of it中文译词:由此,其n nWhereasn n释义: considering that, n n鉴于，就......而论（法律用语） n n1) thereafter: after that此后；之后n n2）thereto: to that 随附；附之n n3）therewith: with that 与此；与之n n4）therefor: for that 因之；为此n n5）thereunder: under that 在其下；依照n n6）hereunder：under this；在下; 依此例句n nWhereas Party A and Party B, adhering to the principle of Whereas Party A and Party B, adhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through friendly equality and mutual benefit and through friendly consultation, agree to jointly invest to establish a new consultation, agree to jointly invest to establish a new joint venture company in China (hereinafter referred as joint venture company in China (hereinafter referred as “Joint Venture”). The Contract hereunder is made and “Joint Venture”). The Contract hereunder is made and concluded. concluded. n nadhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefitadhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit：按照平等互利的原则：按照平等互利的原则through friendly consultationthrough friendly consultation：通过友好协商：通过友好协商joint venture companyjoint venture company：合资经营公司：合资经营公司hereinafter referred ashereinafter referred as：以下称：以下称例句n nWhereas Party A and Party B, adhering to the Whereas Party A and Party B, adhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit and principle of equality and mutual benefit and through friendly consultation, agree to jointly through friendly consultation, agree to jointly invest to establish a new joint venture company invest to establish a new joint venture company in China (hereinafter referred as “Joint in China (hereinafter referred as “Joint Venture”). The Contract hereunder is made and Venture”). The Contract hereunder is made and concluded. concluded. n n鉴于甲方与乙方按照平等互利的原则，经过友好协商，决定共同投资在中国建立合资经营公司（以下称“合资企业”），为此达成如下合同。

例句n n“ “Contract Products” means the products specified in Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto. developments with respect thereto. n nContract ProductsContract Products：合同产品：合同产品Appendix 2 to this ContractAppendix 2 to this Contract：本合同附件：本合同附件2 2together with all improvements and modifications together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect theretothereof or developments with respect thereto：及其：及其改进发展的产品改进发展的产品 n nthereofthereof：：of the Contract Productsof the Contract Products；；n ntheretothereto：：to the Contract Products to the Contract Products 例句n n“ “Contract Products” means the products Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto. or developments with respect thereto. n n“合同产品”，系指本合同附件2中规定的产品及其改进发展的产品。

使用成对意义相近或相对的词n nThis Agreement made and entered into by and between ABC Co. and XYZ Co.n nABC 公司和XYZ公司双方签订本协议n nBy and betweenn n由间Have a tryn nThe Parties to this Contract shall fulfill or perform any of the obligations under this Contract.用情态动词加强语气nMay、shall、should、will、may not、shall not等词的确很常见，但是在合同中这些词具有特殊的意义，所以翻译起来要极其谨慎，避免引起纠纷na.May：在表示合同上的权利（：在表示合同上的权利（Right）、权限）、权限（（Power）或特权（）或特权（Privilege）的场合中使用的场合中使用nb.Shall：在合同中并不是单纯的将来时，一般：在合同中并不是单纯的将来时，一般用它来表示法律上可以强制执行的义务用它来表示法律上可以强制执行的义务（（Obligation）。

shall在译文里，通常表示在译文里，通常表示“应应该该”或或“必须必须”ExamplenThe quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the ex-importers in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides. n（（货货物物的的质质量量和和价价格格必必须须使使进进出出口口双双方方都都能接受nc.Should：：在在合合同同中中通通常常只只用用来来表表示示语语气气较较弱弱的的假假设设，，多翻译成多翻译成“万一万一”或或“如果如果”，极少译成，极少译成“应该应该”nThe board meeting shall be convened and presided over by the Chairman. Should the chairman be absent, the vice-Chairman shall, in principle, convene and preside over the board meeting.n（（董董事事会会会会议议应应由由董董事事长长召召集集、、主主持持；；若若董董事事长长缺缺席席，，原原则上应由副董事长召集、主持。

则上应由副董事长召集、主持nd. Will：：一一般般使使用用在在没没有有法法律律强强制制的的情情况况下下，，也也用用做做表表示示承承担担义义务务的的声声明明，，但但语语气气和强制力比和强制力比Shall弱ne. May not（（或或shall not））：：用用于于禁禁止止性性义义务，即务，即“不得做什么不得做什么” 注意数字、时间的严谨性和准确性n n1. Party A shall deliver the goods to Party B on July 28, 2009.n n2. Party A shall deliver the goods to Party B by July 28, 2009.n n3. Party A shall deliver the goods to Party B before July 28, 2009.商务合同的句法特点n n1. 1. 商务合同的句法有结构严谨、句式较长的特点；商务合同的句法有结构严谨、句式较长的特点；商务合同的句法有结构严谨、句式较长的特点；商务合同的句法有结构严谨、句式较长的特点；n n2. 2. 句子的状语（从句）和定语（从句）等附加成分很多，句子的状语（从句）和定语（从句）等附加成分很多，句子的状语（从句）和定语（从句）等附加成分很多，句子的状语（从句）和定语（从句）等附加成分很多，且往往位置明显，对主句意义进行解释、限制或补充；且往往位置明显，对主句意义进行解释、限制或补充；且往往位置明显，对主句意义进行解释、限制或补充；且往往位置明显，对主句意义进行解释、限制或补充；n n3. 3. 多用陈述句、多用现在时、多用被动语态、多用名词性多用陈述句、多用现在时、多用被动语态、多用名词性多用陈述句、多用现在时、多用被动语态、多用名词性多用陈述句、多用现在时、多用被动语态、多用名词性结构。

结构ExamplenIn case the Contract terminates prematurely, the Contract Appendices shall like wise terminate.n如果本合同提前终止，则合同附件也随之终止nEither Side can replace the representatives it has appointed provided that it submits a written notice to the other Side.n任何一方都可更换自己指派的代表，但须书面通知对方总结n n1. A certificate of the Borrower shall, substantially, 1. A certificate of the Borrower shall, substantially, comply with the form set forth in Appendix 4, and the comply with the form set forth in Appendix 4, and the attachments specified therein.attachments specified therein.n n2. Now Therefore, under the consideration of the mutual 2. Now Therefore, under the consideration of the mutual promises made by the Parties to this Agreement, the promises made by the Parties to this Agreement, the Parties hereto agree the contents herein as follows Parties hereto agree the contents herein as follows n n3. The term “company” mentioned herein refers to such 3. The term “company” mentioned herein refers to such a limited liability company or such a company limited by a limited liability company or such a company limited by shares as are established within the territory of China in shares as are established within the territory of China in accordance with this Law.accordance with this Law. n n4. In the event of conflict between the provisions on 4. In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall prevail.provisions hereof shall prevail. n n5. In case one party desires to sell or assign all In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right.party shall have the preemptive right.Assignmentn nDescription & SpecificationDescription & Specificationn nDocument against paymentDocument against paymentn nForce MajeureForce Majeuren nArbitrationArbitrationn nPort of DestinationPort of Destinationn nShipping MarksShipping Marksn nTerms and conditionsTerms and conditionsn nTerms of paymentTerms of paymentn n1. Insurance should be covered by the buyer 1. Insurance should be covered by the buyer against All Risks.against All Risks.n n2. The date of receipt issued by transportation 2. The date of receipt issued by transportation department concerned shall be regards as the department concerned shall be regards as the delivery of goods.delivery of goods.n n3. Any modification or alternation of the contract 3. Any modification or alternation of the contract should be based on the agreement of both should be based on the agreement of both parties.parties.n n4. Damages for breach of contract by one party 4. Damages for breach of contract by one party consist of a sum equal to the loss, including loss consist of a sum equal to the loss, including loss of profit, suffered by the other party as a of profit, suffered by the other party as a consequence of the breach.consequence of the breach.nIn case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right.n如一方想出售或转让其全部投资或部分投资，另一方有优先购买权。

总结n nA certificate of the Borrower shall, substantially, comply with the form set forth in Appendix 4, and the attachments specified therein.借款人证明书，其格式基本上应遵照附录4规定的格式及其规定的附件 n nNow Therefore, under the consideration of the mutual promises made by the Parties to this Agreement, the Parties hereto agree the contents herein as follows:n n据此，以本协议双方相互承诺为对价，就下述内容达成一致： 。