SAT OG阅读文本TEST1.doc

2 The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also be based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passages and in any introductory material that may be provided. Questions 9-12 are based on the following passages. Passage 1 The intelligence of dolphins is well documented by sci-ence. Studies show that dolphins are able to understand sign language, solve puzzles, and use objects in their environment as tools. Scientists also believe that dolphins 5 possess a sophisticated language: numerous instances have been recorded in which dolphins transmitted information from one individual to another. A recent experiment proved that dolphins can even recognize themselves in a mirror something achieved by very few animals. This behavior 10 demonstrates that dolphins are aware of their own indi- viduality, indicating a level of intelligence that may be very near our own. Passage 2 Are dolphins unusually intelligent? Dolphins have large brains, but we know that brain size alone does 15 not determine either the nature or extent of intelligence. Some researchers have suggested that dolphins have big brains because they need them for sonar and sound processing and for social interactions. Others have argued that regardless of brain size, dolphins have an intelligence 20 level somewhere between that of a dog and a chimpanzee. The fact is, we don¡¯t know, and comparisons may not be especially helpful. Just as human intelligence is appropri-ate for human needs, dolphin intelligence is right for the dolphin’s way of life. Until we know more, all we can say 25 is that dolphin intelligence is different. 9. In lines 2-8, the author of Passage 1 mentions activities that suggest dolphins A are unusually sensitive to their environment B do not generally thrive in captivity C have a unique type of intelligence . D are uncommonly playful animals E have skills usually associated with humans 10. The author of Passage 2 would most likely respond to the last sentence of Passage 1 by A suggesting that intelligence in animals is virtually impossible to measure B observing that intelligence does not mean the same thing for every species C questioning the objectivity of the studies already conducted D noting that dolphin activities do not require a high level of intelligence E arguing that little is actually known about dolphin social behavior 11 . The two passages differ in their views of dolphin intelligence in that Passage 1 states that dolphins A share a sophisticated culture, while Passage 2contends that dolphin intelligence is roughly equal to human intelligence B are as intelligent as humans, while Passage 2 notes that dolphins outperform other animals C are more intelligent than most other animals, while Passage 2 points out that dolphins are less intelligent than other mammals D are highly intelligent, while Passage 2 suggests that there is not enough evidence to understand dolphin intelligence fully E have large brains, while Passage 2 argues that brain size does not signify intelligence 12. Which generalization about dolphins is supported by both passages? A They display self-awareness. B They are more emotional than other animals. C They learn at a rapid rate. D They have a certain degree of intelligence. E They have shown the ability to use tools. Questions 13-24 are based on the following passage. The following passage appeared in an essay written in 1987 in which the author, who is of Native American descent, examines the representation of Native Americans during the course of United States history. In many respects living Native Americans remain as mysterious, exotic, and unfathomable to their contempo-raries at the end of the twentieth century as they were to the Pilgrim settlers over three hundred fifty years ago. Native 5 rights, motives, customs, languages, and aspirations are misunderstood by Euro-Americans out of a culpable igno-rance that is both self-serving and self-righteous. Part of the problem may well stem from the long.b standing ten-dency of European or Euro-American thinkers to regard 10 Native Americans as fundamentally and profoundly different, motivated more often by mysticism than by ambition, charged more by unfathomable visions than by intelligence or introspection. This idea is certainly not new. Rousseau’s* “noble 15 savages” wandered, pure of heart, through a pristine world. Since native people were simply assumed to be incompre-hensible, they were seldom comprehended. Their societies were simply beheld, often through cloudy glasses, and rarely probed by the tools of logic and deductive analysis 20 automatically reserved for cultures prejudged to be “civilized .”And 。