
中考英语词形的适当形式填空题答题技巧.docx
12页英语词形的合适形式填空题答题技巧用所给动词的合适形式填空,是英语中考中必考的一种题型在考试中10分在做题时要看主语,定期态,注意主谓一致重点是动词的时态英语中的时态重要就是八大时态一般目前时,一般过去时,目迈进行时,过去进行时,目前完毕时,过去完毕时,一般将来时,过去将来时何种状况下该使用哪种时态,每种时态中明显的标志词,重要是时间状语,除了考察动词时态外,还考察多种时态的不同语态-----积极语态和被动语态一. 对名词的考察1.考察名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(1).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(规则变化)①一般状况下直接在单数名词之后加-s变为复数名词例如:desk→desks, key→keys, monkey→monkeys, boy→boys等②以-x,-s,-ch,-sh,结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,在单数名词之后加-es例如:fox→foxes, boss→bosses, bus→buses, class→classes, dress→dresses, witness→witnesses, address→addresses, beach→beaches, coach→coaches, couch→couches,inch→inches,sandwich→sanwiches, church→churches,watch→watches,match→matches,speech→speeches,witch→witches,dish→dishes,brush→brushes,goldfish→goldfish, fish→fishes, toothbrush→toothbrushes等。
③以o结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,在单数名词之后加-s的有:zoo→zoos,radio→radios,photo→photos,piano→pianos,kilo→kilos, mango→mangos,bamboo→bamboos,kangaroo→kangaroos加-es有:tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes, dodo→dodoes/s,hero→heroes④以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,先变y为i,再加-es例如:family→families,lady→ladies,baby→bibies,copy→copies,body→bodies,century→centuries,diary→diaries,dictionary→dictionaries,factory→factories,library→libaries,battery→batteries, documentry→documentries,buddy→buddies,ability→abilities,country→countries,butterfly→butterflies,enemy→enemies,memory→memories, balcony→balconies,laboratory→laboratrories,beauty→beauties, charity→charities,comedy→comedies,industry→industries, quallity→quallities,reply→replies,difficulty→difficulties, theropy→theropies, mystery→mysteries, hobby→hobbies,story→stories,city→cities,laundry→laundries,activity→activities等。
⑤以f或 fe结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,先变f或 fe为v,再加-es例如:half→halves, knife→knives,wife→wives,leaf→leaves, shelf→shelves,herself→themseves,scalf→scalfs/scalves,wolf→wolves等考例1:[镇江市] Look! There are some ___ (bird) flying in the sky.分析:所给的词bird是可数名词的单数形式,根据主谓一致可知,应填名词的复数形式,bird的复数形式是birds,因此应填birds.考例2:[泰州市] Your present is in one of the ____. Can you guess? (box)分析:所给的词box是可数名词的单数形式,根据习惯体现 “one of the +可数名词复数”可知,应填名词的复数形式,box的复数形式是boxes,因此应填boxes考例3:[淮安市] Newspaper reports say that some more ___ (country) have become E.U.(欧盟)members this year.分析:所给的词country是可数名词的单数形式,根据主谓一致可知,应用可数名词的复数形式,因此应填countries。
考例4:[济南市] The earthquake rocked the cities in the north of Algeria. Many people lost their ____. (life)分析:所给的词life是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意可知,应用名词的复数形式,life的复数形式为lives,因此应填lives2).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(不规则变化)foot→feet,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→men,woman→women, policeman→policemen,policewoman→policewomen, Frenchman→Frenchmen,snowman→snowmen,businessman →businessmen,Englishman→Englishmen,gentleman→gentlemen, salesman→salesmen, mouse→mice/mouses(鼠标),sheep→sheep, Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese, fish→fish等考例1:[无锡市] It’s good for us to brush our ____ (tooth) after meals.分析:所给的词tooth是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意可知,应用名词的复数形式,而tooth的复数形式是不规则的,为teeth,因此应填teeth。
2.考察名词的所有格考例1:[泰州市] Chocolate is usually _____ favourite food. (child)分析:所给的词child是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意“巧可力是孩子们最爱慕的食物”可知,所填的词在句中作定语,应用复数名词的所有格作定语,child的复数形式的所有格为children’s,因此应填children’s考例2:[淮安市] Tomorrow is ___ (father) Day. What will you do for your dad?分析:所给的词father是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意可知,“爸爸节”为Father’s Day,因此应填Father’s注意:妈妈节为Mother’s Day,妇女节为Women’s Day,小朋友节为Children’s Day,教师节为Teachers’ Day3.考察名词转换成形容词名词转换成形容词有如下几种状况:(1).名词+y → 形容词 例如:rain→rainy,wind→windy,cloud→cloudy,sun→sunny,snow→snowy,fog→foggy,mist→misty,health→healthy,luck→lucky,unluck→unlucky,noise→noisy,fun →funny,thirst→thirsty等。
2).名词+ful→形容词 例如:care→careful, thank→thankful,help→helpful,use→useful,wonder→wonderful,colour→colourful,pain→painful,success→successful等3).名词+n→形容词 例如:America→American, Russia→Russian,India→Indian, Australia→Australian, Canada→Canadian,Italy→Italian等4).名词+ ern→形容词 例如:east→eastern,west→western,north→northern,south→southern等5).名词 +ous→形容词 例如:danger→dangerous,fame→famous等注意:friend→friendly,wool→woolen,difference→different,difficulty→difficult,importance→important,pride→proud,person→personal,safety→safe,confidence→confident等。
考例1:[镇江市] What a ____ (rain) day! We have to stay at home.分析:所给的词rain在此处应理解为名词,根据句意可知,所填的词在句中作定语,修饰day,应用形容词,rain的形容词为rainy,因此应填rainy 考例2:[徐州市] Too much homework is really ____ (pain) to students.分析:所给的词pain为名词,根据句意可知,所填的词在句中作表语,应用形容词,pain的形容词为 painful,即应填painful4.考察名词变为副词success→successfully,care→carefully,care→carelessly,health→healthily,noise→noisily等考例:[泰州市] They played so ___ that they lost the football match. (care)分析:所给的词care在此处应理解为名词,根据句意可知,所填的词在句中作状语,修饰played,应用副词,care的副词为carefully,即应填carefully。
二.对数词的考察1.考察基数词转换成序数词基数词变为序数词时,一般状况下在基数词之后加-th例如:four → fourth但是,特殊的基数词变为序数词可用如下口诀来协助记忆:一、二、三单独记,八去t,九去e,五和十二记仔细,f来把ve替,ty变成 tie,背面再加th即:one→first,two→second,three→third,eight →eighth,nine→ninth,five→fifth,twelve→twelfth,twenty→ twentieth,thirty→thirtieth,forty→fortieth,fifty→fiftieth,sixty→sixtieth,seventy→seventieth,eighty →eightieth,ninety→ninetieth等考例1:[镇江市] The ___ (eight) lesson is not so easy as the ninth lesson, I think.。
