九年级英语仁爱版下册Unit5_Topic3_知识点梳理.doc

Unit 5 China and the WorldTopic 3 Now is it a symbol of England.一． 重要句型：Section A1. Kangkang has come to Susanna’s house and seen some beautiful pictures hanging on the wall.康康来到苏珊娜家里，看到一些美丽的图片挂在墙上1） see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程或经常反复发生； see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.如:  I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路. I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.常见的感官动词有：see, watch, hear, smell(嗅觉), feel 等后可接①动词ing形式，表此动作正在发生②动词原形，不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实 （2） hang on the wall 挂在墙上；on the wall & in the wall 区别：on the wall / in the wall都译为"在墙上".由于介词不同,在使用上有区别。

如：图画、黑板、风筝等"在墙上",是因为它们在墙的表面上,故用on the wall；门窗、钉子、洞、孔等"在墙上",是因为它们在墙的里面,故用in the wall.类似的还有 in the tree & on the tree on the tree/in the tree都译为"……在树上".on the tree表示树上本身所长着的叶子、花、果实等；in the tree表示某物或某人在树上.2. What a beautiful picture! 多么漂亮的图片啊！3. People were either early or late. 人们早晚不一 either … or … 用于连接两个表示选择关系的名词或代词，意为“要么……要么……”He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是疯了就是醉了注意：通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分，但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致如：    You can either have tea or coffee. 你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行 Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错，就是我错。

4. She had it built so that everyone would have the same time她让人建造了这个钟，目的是每个人都有相同的时间 have + sth （宾语）+ 过去分词（宾语补足 语）”意为“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事”宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth 与过去 分词表示的动作之间是被动关系 相当于ask sb. to do sth. 练一练：I want to have him __ the job, but she had it ___ instead. A. do, done B.does, doing C.to do, doing D.to do, done5. Do you know the picture below? 你知道下面这张图片吗？ below adv. & prep. 在下面； under prep. & adv. 在下面；在下方； below 表示“在下方或位置低于……”，不一定有垂 直在下之意；它的反义词是above Write your name below the line．下写上你的名字。

under表示“在……正下方”；有时可与below通用，但它指处于某物的正下方，其反义词是over如： He stood under a tree. 他站在树下 6. But do you know that Eiffel designed not only the Statue of Liberty but also the Eiffel Tower? 但是你知道埃菲尔不仅设计了自由女神像还设计了埃菲尔铁塔吗？not only...but also... 表示“不仅…而且…；既…又…”，用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语Not only men but also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的另外，在使用not only…but also…时还应注意以下几点：a. 有时可将but also分开用，即将but视为普通的并列连词，用于连接两个句子，然后将also用于句中（用谓语动词用在一起）He’s not only very fast, but he’s also got marvelous technique. 他不仅很快，而且技术高超b. 该结构中的also有时可以省略，或将also换成too, as well（置于句末）。

如：He not only washed the car, but polished it too [as well]. 他不仅冲洗汽车，而且还擦拭了它c. 有时因为语境的需要，not only…but also…也可能用于连接两个性质不同的词或短语，但这多半因为承前省略的原因如：He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends. 他不仅工作日去上班，在周末也去上班句中的not only后接的是谓语goes to，而but also后接的却是状语 on weekends，可视为but also后承前省略了谓语动词 goes to workd 当not only…but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片,他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片5. 为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了3次，她还没干一点活。

有时也可见到不倒装的情形，此时主要见于but also后接省略结构的情况（省略只剩下主语）Not only my mother was unhappy, but Marian, too. 不仅我母亲不快乐，玛丽安也不快乐Section B1. Although he was both poor and didn’t have much education, he never gave up reading books. 尽管他很穷又没接受很多教育，但是她从没有放弃读书although 虽然，尽管引导让步状语从句，不和but同时出现在句子中Although he is ninety year old, he can still look after himself. 尽管他九十岁了，但他仍然能自理2. Not only did she discover radium but also she won the Nobel Prize twice in her lifetime.她不但发现了镭元素而且她一生中获得过两次诺贝尔奖not only--- but (also)---意为“不仅…而且….”。

当连接两个分句时， 前一个分句用倒装句式，后一个分句用陈述语序 练一练：Not only___ polluted but___ crowded. A. was the city, were the streets B. the city was, were the streets C. was the city, the streets were D. the city was, the streets were2. She stopped serving the patients as a nurse after the war. 战后她不再当护士照顾病人 A. stop doing sth. 停止做某事； Stop talking, the teacher is coming别说了，老师来了B. stop to do sth. 停下来做别的事； We are tired, let’s stop to have a rest. 我们累了停下来休息会儿Section C1. There were neither teachers not schools, but Lincoln’s stepmother encouraged him to study. 在那里既没有老师，也没有学校，但是林肯的继母鼓励他学习。

1） neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份She likes neither butter nor cheese.（连接名词） 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪She is neither clever nor hardworking. （连接形容词）她既不聪明， 又不勤奋此句中neither...nor...连接两个宾语当neither...nor...连接两个主语时，也应遵循"就近原则"Neither he nor she is at home today. （连接代词）今天他和她都不在家若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句，只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式2） encourage sb. o do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 He encouraged me to go abroad. 他鼓励我出国2. People trust him and began to call him “Honest Abe”.人们信任他并开始称他为“诚实的亚伯”。

call +宾语+宾语补足语，意为“称/叫……为……” We call him Xiaowang.我们叫他小王3. During the following years, he took a more active part in politics.在以后的几年里，他积极参加政治活动1） the following years 在以后几年； (2) take an active part in 积极参加； He often takes an active part in outdoor activities. 他积极参加户外活动4. Both the northern states and President Lincoln wanted get rid of those laws.北方各州和林肯总统都想解除这些法律 （1）both …and… 两者都…； Both English and Chinese are interesting. 英语和汉语都很有趣 （2）get rid of 除掉，去掉；革除； Yo。