孔子及其思想(中英文)PPt课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Confucius and Confucianism,孔子及其思想,孔子简介,the brief of Confucius,孔子（公元前,551,年,公元前,479,年）是中国最著名的人物作为儒家创始人，他的思想一直在中国有着深远的影响但孔子不是他的原名，而是一种尊称，是孔夫子的拉丁文孔子姓孔名丘，字仲尼，出生在鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）Confucius(551 B.C479 B.C.)is one of the most famous Chinese people.,As the founder of Confucianism,his thought has exerted a deep influence on China and its people.,But Confucius was not his real name.It was a courtesy title,a Latinized form of“Kong Fuzi”,meaning“Master Kong”.,His family name was Kong and his given name,Qiu.And he styled himself Zhongni.He was born at Zouyi,the State of Lu.,Legend,says that,Confucius,has three thousand disciples,of which,72 are,sages.,After,Confucius died,his,disciples and the disciples,disciples recorded,the,saying and thought,of,Confucius,and his disciples,sorting into the Confucian classic,named,the,A,nalects of Confucius.,相传他有弟子三千，其中七十二贤人。

孔子去世后，其弟子及其再传弟子把孔子及其弟子的言行语录和思想记录下来，整理编成儒家经典论语The Confucian thought has far-reaching influence on China and the world,Confucius is listed as the worlds top ten cultural celebrities,.,其儒家思想对中国和世界都有深远的影响，孔子被列为“世界十大文化名人”之首As one of the greatest thinker,educator,philosopher and the founder of the Confucian school and Confucianism,in the history of China,Confucius legacy lies in the following three aspects:,作为中国历史上伟大的思想家、教育家、哲学家和儒家及儒学的创始人，孔子为后人留下了宝贵的遗产，主要体现在三个方面：,Firstly,he compiled and preserved the literary works,The Six Classics,including Shi,Shu,Li,Yue,Yi and Chun Qiu,which are regarded as the classics of Confucianism.The accomplishment makes a large impact on the succession and development of the traditional Chinese culture.,首先，他整理了诗、书、礼、乐、易、春秋六部文献，被后代奉为儒家经典，合称“六经”，为传统文化的继承和发展做出了巨大的贡献。

Secondly,Confucius built up a system of philosophical thoughts with Ren as its basic virtue.This virtue is the central theme of his Analects.He considered Ren as the first and highest criterion of mans behavior and the core of morality.第二，建立了一套以“仁”为核心的思想体系，这集中体现在论语一书中他认为“仁”是人的最高道德境界，是道德的核心内容，包括孝、弟（悌）、恕、礼、恭、信、,知、勇,等内容Ren meant to“love other men”,.For the person who have Ren,if treat others with generous,others will reward you Ren;if tforbear others,others will forbear you,.,“,仁,”,就是,“,爱人”夫仁者，己欲,立而立人，己欲达而达人”（此句意指：仁爱之人，自己决定对人建立仁爱之心，别人才会对你仁爱，自己决定对人宽容，别人才会对你宽容。

Thirdly,Confucius established private schools,creating a scientific educational system.Confucius also held the idea that everyone should be educated regardless of his social status.,第三，办私学，创立了科学的教育思想体系孔子提出“有教无类”In educational practice,he created flexible teaching methods,promoting the combination of learning and thinking,learning and reviewing as well as teaching and learning.He emphasized on individualized and heuristic teaching.These ideas are still of great significance in practice today.,在教育实践中创立了灵活多样的教学方法，提倡“学”与“思”结合，学习与复习结合以及教与学结合，讲求因材施教和启发式教学等。

这些思想，直到今天还有其现实意义己所不欲，勿施于人What you do not want done to yourself,do not do to others.,言必信，行必果Keep what you say and carry out what you do.,四海之内皆兄弟也；,All Men Are Brothers.,有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎；,Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters?,礼之用，和为贵The most valuable use of the rites is to achieve harmony.,Confuciuss sayings,：,知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧A wise man will not confused,a kindhearted man wont worried,a brave man is not afraid,.,子曰：“,三人行，必有我师焉择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之Confucius said:,When I walk along with two others,they may serve me as my teachers.I will select their good qualities and follow them,their bad qualities and avoid them,。

子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说（yu）乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐（l）乎？人不知而不愠（yn），不亦君子乎？”,Confucius said:l,s it not delightful to l,earn and constantly review?,I,s,it not,very happy,to h,ave like-minded friends come from afar?Others do not understand,(know),me,but I will not grudge(angry),am I not a gentleman,?,子曰：“,学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆Confucius said:,Learning without thought is labor lost;thought without learning is perilous.,子曰：“由！诲汝知之乎！知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也Confucius said to a disciple,Shall I teach you what is understanding,(know),?To know what it is that you know,and,not to,know what it is that you do not know-that is understanding.”,子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。

Confucius,said,If a man will constantly go over what he has acquired and keep continually adding to it new acquirements,he may become a teacher of men.,。