第15课：现在完成式since与for的用法.doc

一.本课要点及示例   在这一课里我们要复习现在完成式,   并且要学习两个时常跟现在完成式句子一起用的连词, 一个是 since, s-i-n-c-e, since, 一个是 for, f-o-r, for. 现在我们还是按照惯例, 先请英文老师念一段会话,请你听的时候特别注意两位英文老师的发音和语调.    M: Where have you been, Kate?    F:  I've been at the garage for the last two hours.    M: What happened? Did you have an accident?    F:  No, nothing happened. But we haven't had the car checked since February. It's needed an oil change for a long time.    M: I know. Have you gotten the car back?    F:  No. They've worked on it since four thirty, but they haven't finished it yet.    M: Well, when can we get it back?    F:  I'll pick it up on Friday.    M: That's good. Then, we'll have it for the weekend.    现在我们再来听英文老师用慢速度把刚才亨利和凯特的对话念一遍.    M: Where have you been, Kate?    F:  I've been at the garage for the last two hours.    M: What happened? Did you have an accident?    F:  No, nothing happened. But we haven't had the car checked since February. It's needed an oil change for a long time.    M: I know. Have you gotten the car back?    F:  No. They've worked on it since four thirty, but they haven't finished it yet.    M: Well, when can we get it back?    F:  I'll pick it up on Friday.    M: That's good. Then, we'll have it for the weekend.    下面我请英文老师把刚才那段对话里包含了今天要学的语法的句子再念一遍给你听    F:  I've been at the garage for the last two hours.    F:  We haven't had the car checked since February.    F:  It's needed an oil change for a long time.    F:  They've worked on it since four thirty. 二.现在完成式复习   听完对话, 现在我们该作练习了. 首先我们来复习现在完成式. 下面这组练习的内容是说亨利从早上到现在已经作了什么事,    比方他已经到过办公室, 已经写了一份报告,   已经见到了办公室打字员南希等等.  你先跟着老师重复一个句子, 然后老师会提出一个新的词组, 请你把词组里的动词改成过去分词,  代换到原来的句子里.   每作完一句老师会念出正确答案, 你自己作个比较, 看你作对了没有. 现在开始.    M: Henry has been in his office.    M: have a cup of coffee    F:  Henry has had a cup of coffee.    M: read today's newspaper    F:  Henry has read today's newspaper.    M: do some exercises    F:  Henry has done some exercises.    M: write a report    F:  Henry has written a report.    M: see Nancy    F:  Henry has seen Nancy.    下面一组练习是说凯特到修车厂买汽油, 顺便请人换机油的事情. 老师用慢速度提出一些现在完成式问句, 请学生作肯定的答覆, 请你在学生回答的时候也跟着回答.    M: Has Kate taken her car to the garage?    F:  Yes, she has taken her car to the garage.    M: Has Kate bought some gasoline there?    F:  Yes, she has bought some gasoline there.    M: Has Kate paid for the gasoline?    F:  Yes, she has paid for the gasoline.    M: Has the gasoline been quite expensive recently?    F:  Yes, it has been quite expensive recently.    M: Has the cost of gasoline increased?    F:  Yes, it has increased.    M: Has Kate's car needed an oil change for a long time?    F:  Yes, it has needed an oil change for a long time.    M: Has Kate waited in the garage?    F:  Yes, she has waited in the garage. 三.I've 和 She's   以前我们练习过把 have  not 简缩为 haven't, 把 has  not 简缩为 hasn't. 下面我们来练习怎么样把代名词跟 have 或是  has  连起来说.   比方 I have 说成  I've, they  have 说成 they've,  she  has 说成 she's 等等. 现在我们来作两组练习, 内容都是亨利和凯特吃过晚饭之后话家常.第一组练习是亨利问凯特是否已经作了某些事情, 凯特用   I've 作肯定的答覆.请你注意听亨利问问题, 并且跟凯特一起回答问题.    M: Have you taken the car to the garage yet?    F:  Yes, I've taken it to the garage.    M: Have you been to the new supermarket yet?    F:  Yes, I've been there.    M: Have you given Peter his weekly allowance?    F:  Yes, I've given him his weekly allowance.    M: Have you sent the package to Jenny yet?    F:  Yes, I've sent it to Jenny.    M: Have you heard about Linda's new boyfriend?    F:  Yes, I've heard about him.    下面凯特问亨利一些有关亨利的同事南希的问题,   比方南希是否已经搬到郊区, 是否已经决定结婚,  是否谈起到纽约渡蜜月的事情.   亨利用 she's 作肯定的答覆. 请你注意听, 并且跟亨利一起回答.    F:  Has Nancy moved to the suburb yet?    M: Yes, she's moved to the suburb.    F:  Has Nancy bought a car yet?    M: Yes, she's bought a car.    F:  Has Nancy gotten used to driving to work?    M: Yes, she's gotten used to it.    F:  Has Nancy decided to get married?    M: Yes, she's decided to get married.    F:  Has she told you about going to New York for her honeymoon?    M: Yes, she's told me about it.    F:  Has Nancy planned to come over for dinner next Saturday?    M: Yes, she's planned to come over. 四.SINCE 和 FOR   刚才我们复习了现在完成式,同时也学了一些新词,现在我们要学习两个连词,就是 since 跟 for 的用法. 这个两个字常常跟现在完成式句子一起用.  since表示 "自从一个特定的时间开始", for 表示 "时间持续了多久". 现在我们来听英文老师念一些句子, 比较这两个连词的用法.    M: Henry and Kate have been married since 1962.    F:  They have been married for a long time.    M: Henry and Kate have lived in Seattle since 1965.    F:  They have lived in Seattle for a long time.    M: Henry has worked as a fireman since 1970.    F:  He has worked as a fireman for many years.    下面这组练习是由老师问你一个问题,    然后, 他提出一个特定的时间请你用since 跟这个特定的时间回答问题.    这些问题都是跟亨利作救火员有关系的.每作完一句就请你听正确答案.    M: Has Henry wanted to be a fireman?    M: He was a child.    F:  Henry has wanted to be a fireman since he was a child.    M: Has Henry worked as a firema。