
九年级英语上册RevisionmoduleB词句精讲精练(含解析)(新)外研.doc
9页Revision module B词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. 形容词辨析:alive/lively/live/living(1)alive作形容词,意为“有生命的,活的”,常作表语或后置定语例如:He was alive when they took him to the hospital.人们把他送到医院时他还活着He is the only person alive in the accident. 他是这次事故中唯一活着的人2)lively作形容词,意为“充满活力的,活泼的,有生气的”,常用作定语或表语例如:She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination.她是个充满活力的年轻女性,富有忍耐力和想象力3)live作形容词,意为“活的,有生命的(主要用来指鸟或其他动物);现场的,直播的”, 常作定语例如:Look! There is a live fish in the pool. 看!池子里有一条活鱼We watched a live television show. 我们观看了一场电视现场直播的表演4)living作形容词,意为“活的,健在的”。
例如:His grandpa is still living at the age of 96. 他爷爷96岁了,仍然健在2. by the way/in the way/on the way/in a way(1)by the way意为“顺便说一声”例如:By the way,have you seen Harry recently?顺便说一句,你最近见过哈里吗?(2)in the way有“挡路”的意思,还有“用这种方法”的意思例如:Sorry, you are in the way. 对不起,你挡路了In this way, he has collected a great many stamps.用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票3)on the way 意为“在去某地的路上”例如:On the way to the station,I bought some chocolate.在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力4)in a way意为“从某种意义上说”例如:Ina way, it is an important book.在某种意义上,这是一本重要的书3. success/succeed/successful(1)success 作名词,表示抽象意义的“成功”,是不可数名词;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”,则是可数名词。
例如:Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功2)succeed作动词,意为“成功”,是不及物动词;表示做某事做成功了,succeed 后通常接in doing sth.例如:His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了3)successful作形容词,意为“成功的”例如:The performance was successful. 演出很成功It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验4. against against作介词,其用法如下:(1)反对,违反对应的反义词为for,常用于be against sb. / sth.反对某人/某事例如: Are most people against having a part-time job? 大多数人反对做兼职工作吗?(2)和……交战(指竞争、比赛等)。
例如: We’ll have a basketball match against the team from No. 2 Middle School next week. 下星期我们将与二中的球队举行一场篮球赛3)倚着、靠着例如: There was a ladder propped up(支撑) against the wall. 这有一把梯子靠着墙4)防备,抗……例如: She saved money against old age. 她攒钱防老5)逆着……例如: We are sailing against the wind. 我们(的船)正逆风航行6)衬托,相映,对照例如:Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳5. borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow是“借进”,即说话人向别人借东西供自己用,常用于borrow sth. from sb. / somewhere结构,意为“从某人/某地借来某物”例如:He borrowed a lot of money from the bank. 他从银行借了很多钱。
May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?You can borrow the book from the library. 你可以从图书馆借这本书2)lend是“借出”,即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用,常用于lend sth. to sb. 或lend sb. sth.结构中,意为“借给某人某物”例如:I don’t like to lend my TV set to Tom. 我不想把电视机借给Tom3)keep 意为“保存”,是延续性动词,borrow是瞬间动词,如果与一段时间连用,要用keep代替borrow例如:Can I keep the book a little longer? 我借这本书的时间能长点吗?I have kept the book for two weeks. I will return it to the library this afternoon.这本书我已经借了两周了,今天下午我要把它还给图书馆6. keep(1)keep作动词,意思是“保持”,常见的结构为keep+形容词/动词-ing形式,意为“使某物保持某种状态”例如: The cat keeps running after the rat, trying to catch it. 那只猫一直在追赶老鼠,想要抓住它。
I need to keep fit. 我需要保持健康Please keep quiet. 请保持安静2)keep的后面还可以用keep sb. doing sth.,表示“让某人一直做某事”例如: You keep me waiting for half an hour.你让我等了半个小时7. present(1)present作形容词,意为“出席的,在场的”;“现在的,当前的”例如:How many people were present at the meeting? 到会的有多少人? I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前的情况一点都不满意 (2)present作名词,the present意为“现在,目前”;“礼物,赠品”例如:There is no time like the present. 机不可失,时不再来 He often gave his neighbor’s kids little presents. 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子3)present作动词,意为“赠送,呈献”,后接to/with。
例如:They presented him with a bunch of flowers. 他们献给他一束鲜花 8. receive receive作动词,意为“收到,接到,得到”,其后可接介词from例如:I received a letter from my mother. 我收到母亲的一封来信拓展】receive与accept的辨析:两个词都作动词用,都表示“接受,收到”之意,但在用法上有所不同receive表示的行为与主观意愿没有关系,着重于行为本身,不涉及收到者是否同意动作本身有一定的被动性accept表示的行为由主语的主观意志所决定,强调经过主语的考虑而接受动作本身是主动的例如:I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.我昨天收到了他的晚会请柬,但我拒绝接受9. dis-; -able等前缀、后缀构词法(1)前缀 1) dis-主要用在动词之前或名词和形容词前,表示相反意义例如: disappear消失;dislike不喜欢;discover发现;disobey不遵守;disbelieve不相信; disadvantage不利条件;dishonest不诚实的 2) in-; im-; un-; il-; ir-用在形容词前,表示否定意义。
例如: indirect间接的;incorrect不正确的;inactive不活动的;impossible不可能的;unable不能的;unhealthy不健康的;unsuccessful不成功的;illegal非法的;irregular不规则的 3) re-用在动词前,表示“重新,再”例如: rebuild重建;recycle再循环;reconsider重新考虑(2)后缀 1) –able:名词或动词变为形容词,表示“可……的;显示……性质”例如: respectable可敬的;eatable可吃的;comfortable舒服的;valuable有价值的;fashionable时髦的;loveable可爱的 2) –ful:名词或动词变为形容词,表示“充满……的”例如: beautiful漂亮的;successful成功的;wonderful精彩的;hopeful有希望的 3) –less:名词变为形容词,表示“没有……的”例如: jobless无业的;homeless无家可归的;helpless无助的 4) –ous:名词变为形容词,表示“具有……性质的”。
例如: dangerous危险的;humorous幽默的 5) –er/-or动词变为名词,表示“……的人/物”例如: player选手;writer作家;driver驾驶员 actor演员(尤指男演员)词汇精练I. 英汉互译1. make sense_______________ 2. 顺便说一下_______________3. 遭受……_______________ 4. take pride in_______________5. protect ... against ... ______________。





![河南新冠肺炎文件-豫建科[2020]63号+豫建科〔2019〕282号](http://img.jinchutou.com/static_www/Images/s.gif)






