初中英语语法讲义倒装句（学生版）.docx

初中英语倒装句英语句子的最基本结构是主谓结构，倒装就是将谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面倒装是一种语法手段，采用倒装语序，或是语法结构的需要，或是为了强调倒装语序分为完全倒装和部分倒装典型例句：（完全倒装）1.Here comes the bus.（公共汽车来了典型例句：（部分倒装）2.Never have I been there before.（我从没到过那里1.倒装概述英语句子的基本语序是“主语+谓语”如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装语序倒装主要有两种，完全倒装和部分倒装完全倒装是指将句子的全部谓语置于主语之前若句子中只有谓语的一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）位于主语之前，则称之为部分倒装2.倒装的应用A.一般以here，there，now，then，up，down，out，in，away等开头的句子，要完全倒装谓语动词通常是be，go，come，seem，follow等There goes the bell.=The bell goes.（铃响了Up went the rocket into the sky.（火箭飕地一下子升上了天Away went the boy.（那个男孩走开了。

例外：若主语是人称代词，则主谓不倒装Here it is.（给你/Away he went.（他走了B.以never，seldom，hardly，not，neither，nor，little等否定词开头的句子，要部分倒装通常只把助动词、系动词、情态动词提到主语之前Never shall I forget it.（我永远忘不了这件事Seldom does he go out.（他不常出门Hardly had the thief seen the policeman when he ran away.（这个小偷一看到警察就逃跑了Not a single mistake did he make.（他没有出一个错误Not only did we lose all our money,but we also came close to losing our lives.（我们不但把钱全丢了，还几乎丧了命Nor am I aware that anyone else knows the secret.（我也不知道别人谁能知道这个秘密Little did I think John will lose the game.（我一点也没有想到约翰会输掉比赛。

说明：little置于know，think，imagine，guess，dream，expect等有关思考意义的动词前面时，little=not at all，译为“一点也不”No sooner was he back at home than he realized his mistake.（他一回到家就意识到他弄错了C.把so，neither，nor放在句首，表示前面肯定或否定的内容也适合于后面的人或物时，要用倒装语序You can go surfing,so can I.（你能冲浪，我也能I have never been abroad,neither has he.（我没出过国，他也是I didn’t go to the cinema last night,nor did he.（昨晚我没去看电影，他也没去D.以only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用倒装语序Only in my house do they feel at home.（只有我在家里，他们才感觉随意Only then did I realize that I was wrong.（只有到那时，我才意识到我错了。

Only in this way can you work out the problem.（只有用这种方式，你才可以解决这个问题Only when he came home did she learn the news.（直到他回家后，她才知道这个消息补充：如only修饰主语，虽放在句首，也不用倒装Only Amanda and John received my present.（只有阿曼达和约翰收到了我的礼物E.介词短语作地点状语放在句首时，要用倒装语序By his side stood a little boy.（他身旁站着一个小男孩In the middle of the lake lies a small island.（湖的中央有一个小岛Behind the hill is a new expressway.（小山的后面是一条新的高速公路Out of the window came the sound of music.（从窗外传来了音乐声重要：当主语是代词时，即使介词短语作地点状语放在句首，也不用倒装At the foot of the mountain it stands.（它坐落在山脚下。

F.让步状语从句可以把表语提前，用as代替although，构成倒装句型：表语+as+主语+系动词Old as he is,he works hard.=Although he is old,he works hard.（尽管他老了，但他依然很努力地工作Child as he is,he knows a lot.=Although he is a child,he knows a lot.（尽管他是个孩子，但他懂得很多说明：as引导的让步状语从句中，名词作表语位于句首时，应注意名词前面不加冠词G.当表示虚拟语气的条件状语从句省略if时，要将should，had或were置于从句主语之前，构成倒装Should it rain,the crops would be saved.=If it should rain,the crops would be saved.（如果下雨，庄稼就有救了Should he act like that again,he would be fired immediately.=If he should act like that again,he would be fired immediately.（要是他再那样做，他会被立即解雇的。

补充：省略if的虚拟语气条件句中用倒装句式，一般表述与事实相反的情况H.某些表示愿望的感叹句用倒装语序Long live Chairman Mao!（毛主席万岁！）May you succeed!（祝你成功！）I.so...that...和such...that...引导状语从句，当so或such位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序So badly did he do his homework that the teacher criticized him.（他的作业做得太差，老师批评了他So loudly did he speak that everyone in the room could hear him clearly.（他说话的声音那么大，房间里所有的人都能听清楚J.直接引语后注明讲话人的句子，主语是名词时，常用倒装；主语是代词时，往往不倒装Could you do me a favour?” asked Robert.（“你能帮我个忙吗？”罗伯特问What is it all about?” asked the stranger.（“究竟是什么事呢？”陌生人问Let’s go out for a picnic.” he said.（他说：“我们出去野餐吧。

主语是代词时，往往不倒装）K.there be结构中的倒装There are many people over there.（那边有很多人There used to be a church near our school.（我们学校附近曾经有一个教堂There are two old women waiting for you at the gate.（有两个老妇人在门口等你说明：在there be句型中，there是引导词，动词be后才是真正的主语L.方式副词（well）或频度副词（often，always，many a time）放在句首时要用倒装语序Well do I remember the day.（那个日子我记忆犹新Often did he remind me not to do it.（他时常提醒我不要那样做Many a time has he given me good advice.（他多次给我忠告注意：此种倒装属于修辞性倒装，用来表示特别强调的语气M.有时为了保持句子平衡、衔接，或为了强调表语或状语，而把表语或状语前置Present at the dancing party were the teachers in our school and some foreign friends.（出席舞会的是我们学校的老师和一些外国朋友。

At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake,and near the lake are some farm houses,hidden in trees.（山脚下有一个美丽的湖泊，湖边有一些农舍，掩映在树木中Common Mistakes（注意！失分陷阱！）陷阱例题①__________,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sond句意提示：他的观点听起来虽然有些奇怪，但在会议上还是被所有人接受了陷阱追击：本题考查as引导让步状语从句时的句子语序，容易误选正确解析：as引导让步状语从句常用倒装语序，as作连词，意为“虽然”结构为：名词/形容词/副词/动词原形+as+主语+系动词/情态动词正确答案为D陷阱例题②A:My room gets very cold at night. B:__________.A.So is mineB.So mine isC.So does mineD.So mine is句意提示：A：我的房间在夜里变得非常冷。

B：我的也是陷阱追击：本题考查so放在句首，表示前面的内容也适合于后面的人或物，其语序易误选正确解析：把so，neither，nor放在句首，表示前面肯定或否定的内容也适合于后面的人或物时，要用倒装语序前一句谓语动词为gets，后一句应用does正确答案为C陷阱例题③__________ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.A.So muchB.Too muchC.Too littleD.So little句意提示：我们不得不做如此多的作业以至于都没有时间休息陷阱追击：本题考查so...that...引导状语从句，so位于句首时主句倒装，容易误选正确解析：so...that。