Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote语法名词性从句课件.ppt

nounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing  V-edetc.主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)VtV-lViNoun / PronounThe + adjV-ing / ClauseInfinitiveNoun / Pronoun / The + adjV-ing / Clause / Infinitivebe / feel / seem / lookappear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keeptaste / smell  etc. nounpronounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing / V-edclauseetc.主语主语   ＋＋   不及物动词不及物动词She came．．/ My head aches.主语主语  ＋＋  及物动词及物动词  ＋＋  宾语宾语She likes English.主语主语  ＋＋   系动词系动词  ＋＋  主语补语主语补语(表语）表语）She is happy．．主语主语  ＋＋  双宾动词双宾动词  ＋＋  间接宾语间接宾语  ＋＋  直接宾语直接宾语She gave John a book．．She bought a book for me.主语主语  ＋＋  宾补动词宾补动词  ＋＋  宾语宾语  ＋＋  宾语补语宾语补语She makes her mother angry．．The teacher asked me to read  the passage.There +beThere is a book on the desk.简单句基本句型实例简单句基本句型实例简单句的基本词序简单句的基本词序主语主语动词部分动词部分宾语宾语  状语状语（谓语）（谓语） 方式方式 地点地点 时间时间Iboughta hat yesterday.The children ran home.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectsubjectappositionpredicative　　名词性从句名词性从句•名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语主语 {His job is important.What he does is important.表语表语This is his job.This is what he does every day. {宾语宾语 {I don’t like his job.I don’t like what he does every day.同位语同位语 {I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.什么叫名词性从句？•在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 ( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses））•名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, , 它在它在复合句中能担任复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同主语、宾语、表语、同位语位语等等•因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句句、表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clauseWhat are noun clauses?What are noun clauses?     His story is interesting.     What he said is interesting.     I heard his story.     I heard what he said.     I listen to his story.     I listen to what he said.     This is his story.     This is what he said.     The idea of going   there is good.      The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clausePractice time：：指出下列各名词性从句的种类指出下列各名词性从句的种类1.At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2. She wondered if the buses would still be running.3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man ina dark coat.5. When we will start is not clear.6. I had no idea that you were her friend.Object clauseObject clausePredicative clauseObject clauseSubject clauseAppositive clause名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词有有:连词连词: that / whether / as if(though);连接代词连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词连接副词:   where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。

引导词引导词•句型转换•1.They are good doctors. He told us. →•2. He hadn’t said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.→He told us that they were good doctors.The fact that he hadn’t said anything at the meeting surprised us.总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用成名词性从句用that引导3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? →4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. →Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用变成名词性从句用if或或whether引导。

引导5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me? →6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? →Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?My question is where the lecture will be given.总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导问词来引导总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念由作单数概念由what引导的一般看后引导的一般看后面的表语宾语从句的时态一般与主面的表语宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致句保持一致1.What we need is more time.2.What we need are more English dictionaries.Practice time.单句改错1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.2.When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet.3.I didn’t know that you will come.4.He said that he is writing a story.5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.___  is______ hasn’t____would___was______  he will___________________  English hasObject Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句1.  I     know    him . 2.   I     know    who       he        is . 主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 + +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+ + 宾语从句宾语从句一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）  1. 当当宾宾语语从从句句是是陈陈述述句句时时（（包包括括肯肯定定句句和和否否定定句句）），，连连词词由由that引引导导，，因因为为that在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成分分，，也也没没有有任任何何具具体体意意思思，，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略vLin Tao feelsLin Tao feels   (that)(that)   his own team is even better.his own team is even better.   vShe She sayssays   (that)(that)   she she won’t won’t take take part part in in the the sports sports    meeting next Sunday.meeting next Sunday.vJim Jim  thoughtthought    (that)(that)    the the  train train  was was  like like  a  a  big big moving party.moving party.•2.宾语从句中的连接词宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况在以下三种情况下不能省略：下不能省略：•（（1）当）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个宾语时，第二个that不能省；不能省；•（（2）当）当that作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。

不可省掉•（（3）用）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句•Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. •The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.•I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（（如如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等等））作作表表语语时时，，后后面面所所跟跟的省略的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句vI’m sorry (that) I don’t know .vWe’re sure (that) our team will win .vI’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam .2. 2. 当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是一一一一般般般般疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，，，，由由由由连连连连词词词词whetherwhether或或或或if if引引引引导导导导（（（（口口口口语语语语中中中中常常常常用用用用if if）））），，，，因因因因为为为为if/whetherif/whether翻翻翻翻译译译译成成成成：：：：“ “是是是是否否否否” ”，，，，具具具具有有有有一一一一定定定定的的的的意意意意义义义义，，，，所所所所以以以以不不不不能能能能省略省略省略省略vLily wanted to knowLily wanted to know   if /whetherif /whether   her grandmaher grandma    liked the handbag .    liked the handbag .vLet’s seeLet’s see   if /whetherif /whether   we can find out somewe can find out some    information about that city .    information about that city .vShe asked meShe asked me   if /whetherif /whether   she could borrowshe could borrow    these books .    these books .whether与与if的辨用的辨用•表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。

•a. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从连在一起引导宾语从句时不用句时不用if1).whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句 a..当当whether后紧跟后紧跟or not时时,不用不用if.     eg: I don’t know whether or not I will           stay.b.介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if.                 eg:  I worry about whether I hurt          her feeling.2.注意注意 whether和和if的使用区别的使用区别Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.8. I don’t know _______ to go. if / whetherwhetherwhether /ifwhetherwhether3. 当当宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，，由由连连接接代代词词（（what, who, whom, which, whose））或或连连接接副副词词（（when, where, how, why））引引导导，，因因为为连连接接代代词词或或连连接接副副词词在在从从句句中中担担任任一一定定的的句句子子成成分分，，具具有有一一定定的的意意义义，，所所以以不不可可以省略以省略vDo you know Do you know whatwhat he said just now ? he said just now ?v I don’t remember  I don’t remember whenwhen we arrived . we arrived .v I asked him  I asked him where where I could get so much money .I could get so much money .v Please tell me  Please tell me who (whom)who (whom) we have to see . we have to see .v Do you know  Do you know what what time the plane leaves ?time the plane leaves ?   带带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vCould you tell us Could you tell us how oftenhow often you go abroad for  you go abroad for a holiday ?a holiday ?vCould you tell us Could you tell us how longhow long the meeting will last ? the meeting will last ?vI don’t know I don’t know how farhow far it is to the cinema . it is to the cinema .vPlease tell us Please tell us how manyhow many students there are in  students there are in your school ?your school ?vCan you tell us Can you tell us how oldhow old his brother is ? his brother is ?vPlease tell us Please tell us how soonhow soon you will be ready . you will be ready .vCould you tell us Could you tell us how muchhow much it costs to fly to  it costs to fly to HainanHainan ?  ?二、时态二、时态1. 1. 1. 1. 如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时 ，，，， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vI know he lives here  .I know he lives here  .vI know he lived here ten years ago .  I know he lived here ten years ago .  vI have heard that he will come tomorrow .I have heard that he will come tomorrow .2. 2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（（（（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，，，，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时）））），，，，那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（（（（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，，，，过过过过去去去去进进进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，   过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vI knew who lived here. I knew who lived here. vI saw she was talking with her mother. I saw she was talking with her mother. vHe asked whether his father would come backHe asked whether his father would come back    tomorrow.     tomorrow. vHe said that he had seen it .He said that he had seen it .3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。

时用一般现在时vThe teacher said that the sun travels    around the earth .1.The radio says it _______   cloudy tomorrow. (be)2.The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)3.Tom says that they _________            (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. 4.I hear they  __________           (return) it already. 5.He said that they _________  members of the Party since 1948. (be) will be goes were playing have returned had been 6. I didn’t know what time he _______   the   letter. (write)7. Could you tell me who _________ away the book already? (take)8. Ling Feng told me he _________    to the Great Wall  several times. (be) wrote has taken had been 三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+ +主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +其他成分其他成分1. When will he go to the library?     His brother asks when he will go to the library .   His brother asks when will he go to the library .   2. What does he want to buy ?    I don’t know what he wants to buy .    I don’t know what does he want to buy . 1．．could / would是是委委婉婉语语气气，，而而不不是是过过去去式式，，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情情况况用用不不同同时态。

时态注意事项vCould you please tell me where we show ourCould you please tell me where we show our   tickets ?   tickets ?vCould you tell us which gate we have to go to ?Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?vWould you like to know when he will come back ?Would you like to know when he will come back ?2. 如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是ask时时，，连连词词不不可可能能是是that；；如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是say时时，，连连词用词用thatvShe says (that) she will leave a message on    his desk .vHe said (that) he was going to take care of    the child .vHe asks if I like playing the piano .vYou may ask the man over there how you    can get to the bus station .3. 否定的转移否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为若主语谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等等,其后的宾语从句若其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。

从句谓语用肯定式    I don’t think this dress fits you well.   (我认为这件衣服不适合你穿我认为这件衣服不适合你穿)4. it常可以放在动词常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语等后作为形式宾语:it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语形式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放从句则放在句尾在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中特别是在带复合宾语的句子中   We heard it that she would get married next month.主句主句主句主句从句从句从句从句一般将来时态一般将来时态一般将来时态一般将来时态   一般现在时态一般现在时态一般现在时态一般现在时态祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句含有情态动词含有情态动词含有情态动词含有情态动词Do Do  you you  know know  if if  ______back ______back  next next  week week  ?  ?  If If  he he  ______ ______ back , please let me know .back , please let me know .A. he comes , will come         B. will he come , comes  A. he comes , will come         B. will he come , comes  C. he will come , comes         D. he will come , will come C. he will come , comes         D. he will come , will come 5. 5. 连词连词连词连词   if if 和和和和   when when 在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：CI don’t know when he _________ (come) . I can’t wait here any more . When he _______ (come) , would you please ask him to call me ?will comecomes1. 1.   The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.  The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.      A. either      B. that       C. weather      D. whether    A. either      B. that       C. weather      D. whether2. 2.     We don't know ______ they did it .       We don't know ______ they did it .           A. how         B. who       C. what           D. which     A. how         B. who       C. what           D. which 3. 3.  The The  teacher teacher asks asks  us us  ____ ____  Jim Jim  can can  come come  back back  on on time .time .    A. that         B. if            C. when          D. what time    A. that         B. if            C. when          D. what time   4. 4. Does Does anybody anybody know know ______ ______ we we will will have have a  a sports sports meeting this weekend or not .meeting this weekend or not .    A. if             B. where     C. whether     D. that    A. if             B. where     C. whether     D. thatDABC5. 5. Could you show me ________ ?Could you show me ________ ?   A. how can I get to the station         A. how can I get to the station         B. where is the station       B. where is the station       C. how I could get to the station   C. how I could get to the station   D. how I can reach the station   D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _______.  6. Please tell me _______.     A. what does he like         B. what he does like       A. what does he like         B. what he does like       C. what he likes                D. what he like   C. what he likes                D. what he like7. My sister told him ________ .7. My sister told him ________ .   A. what day was it           B. when the train arrived     A. what day was it           B. when the train arrived     C. who she was waiting   D. where did you live   C. who she was waiting   D. where did you liveCBD8. 8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _______ .Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _______ .   A. who is he                           B. who he is       A. who is he                           B. who he is       C. who is it                            D. who it is    C. who is it                            D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long __________ ?9. Could you tell me how long __________ ?   A. you have bought the watch      A. you have bought the watch      B. you have kept this science book    B. you have kept this science book    C. have you been away from China      C. have you been away from China      D. have you been a member of Greener China   D. have you been a member of Greener China10. He says that if it _______ tomorrow , he _______ fishing .10. He says that if it _______ tomorrow , he _______ fishing .  A. will rain , won't go              B. rained ,  wasn't go       A. will rain , won't go              B. rained ,  wasn't go       C. rains , won't go                    D. rain , will go   C. rains , won't go                    D. rain , will go BCDPredicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句从句, 放在系动词之后放在系动词之后,一般结构是一般结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从句表语从句”。

可以接可以接表语从句的系动词有表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等另外,常用的还有常用的还有the reason why … is that … 和和It is because …等结构例如：等结构例如：. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后在连系动词之后. 作用作用:对主语进行解释说明对主语进行解释说明连接词：连接词：that / whether /as if /as though（（ if 不不 引导引导 表语从句表语从句)连接代词：连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：连接副词：when / where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. That’s because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry .That’s why I was late .注注 意：意：1.在表语从句中，表在表语从句中，表“是否是否” 时，只能用时，只能用 “whether”不能用不能用“If”。

2.一般情况下，一般情况下，“that”不能省3. It is /was because ….4. It is /was why…. 5.3. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that….6.4 The reason is because /why…that ….名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.注意注意表表语语从从句句的的引引导导词词与与主主语语从从句句和和宾宾语语从句相同从句相同. . 但但: 1. : 1. that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省. . 2. 2. if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句. . 1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do.   A. why      B. what      C. how      D. that 2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.    A. because    B. why    C. that     D.  Whether3 .That is ___ they separated.    A. that       B.  what      C.  which       D.  where 4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago.    A. what      B.  which    C. that    D.  when   Subject Clauses 主语从句主语从句1. 主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1). That he will succeed is certain .2) Whether he will go there is not known .3) What he said is not true .4) Where he hid the money is to be found out .5) Whoever comes is welcome.6) It’s certain that he will succeed .7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8)When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet. 考点一考点一:主语从句后置主语从句后置!       为了避免主语冗长免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常用经常用it作作形式主语形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例:That we shall be late is certain.-- It’s certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.--                       2. That you missed the chance is a pity.--           由连词由连词 whether 和和 if, 连接代词连接代词 what,who,which    和连接副词和连接副词 when,where,why,how 等引导等引导.也也    常常后置常常后置:It is a pity that you missed the chance.It’s known to all that the earth is round.It 的用法：的用法： （形式主语）（形式主语） It’ possible/important/necessary/clear… that……很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是…/必要的是必要的是…/很清楚很清楚… It’s said/ reported… that..据说据说/据报道据报道… It’s been announced/declared that..已经通知已经通知/宣布宣布… It seems/appears/happens.. that…显然、明显、显然、明显、 碰巧碰巧.. It’s no wonder that…并不奇怪并不奇怪/无疑无疑… It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）众所周知） / a common saying….（（俗话说）俗话说）•考点二•注意：主语从句中 ，谓语动词一般用单数•What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定•What he needs _is_ that book.•What he needs _are_ some book.      what引导名词性从句时在从句中引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分充当句子成分,如主语如主语,宾语宾语,表语表语,而而that则不然则不然,它在句子中只起连接作它在句子中只起连接作用。

例如：用例如：(1) What you said yesterday is right.(2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.What 与与 that 引导主语从句引导主语从句 由由 that 引导引导:1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _____________________ is known to all.                      (地球是圆的地球是圆的)3. ________________________ is a pity.           (你错过了这次机会你错过了这次机会)      that 无意义无意义, 后接一个完整的句后接一个完整的句子子.     that 不可省不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance注注 意：意：1.What you left are only several old books.2.What you said is of great importance.3.What he says and does doesn’t concern me.4.What he says and does don’t agree.“if” 不能引导主语从句，应有不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引引导。

导主语从句的主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省一般不能省what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：引导主语从句时，谓语动词： 1）常与其后的名词作表语一致）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定根据句子的语境而定1.___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3.___ is known to us all is that America is a developed country____the First World.a.Which; belong to b. As, belonged to b.c. What; belonging to d. It; belonging to4. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .   A. water is          B. that water is                                            C. is water             D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray.    A. whether   B.  that    C. what     D. when6.What I say and think ___ none of your business.   A. is     B.  are     C. has     D haveAppositive Clauses 同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分，其一般同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（跟在一些抽象名词（ idea ；；belief ；； fact ；； truth ；； problem ；；news 等）后面，对名词作等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明进一步解释说明. n.+ 连接词连接词 + 从句从句同位语从句常用同位语从句常用 that 引导或用连接副词引导或用连接副词when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .2).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.注注:  1. 1. 同 位语从句多用that 引导2. 2. 在在have no idea 之之后后常常用用wh-引引导导同同位位语语从句从句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.I have no idea when he will be back.how he can get the treasure.where the concert will be hold.who can finish the work.why it happened.which pen is mine.what we should do next.whom they are talking about.whether it’ll rain tomorrow.that our football team won the game.     1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._____________________________________________________ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._____________________________________________________________We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view.____________________________________________________Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time online.____________________________There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.______________________________________________________The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.名词名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should + do, should 可省略可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.I have heard the news that he visited our factory .I have heard the news that he told you the other day .同位语从句和定语从句的区别：同位语从句和定语从句的区别：1 同位语从句同位语从句——that 只起连接作用，不作任何成分只起连接作用，不作任何成分 定语从句定语从句 —— that 是关系代词，起连接作用和充是关系代词，起连接作用和充 当宾语和主语当宾语和主语2同位语从句同位语从句——同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明对名词进行补充说明 定语从句定语从句 ——定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对定从和前面的名词是所属关系，对名词进行修饰，加以限定名词进行修饰，加以限定3同位语从句同位语从句——that 不能省不能省 定语从句定语从句 ——that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省在从句中作宾语时，可以省Practice :判断下列各句是同位语判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句从句还是定语从句•1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.•2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. •3.The fact that she works hard is well known•    to us all. •4. I can't stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. 同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.Attributive or Appositive ATAPAPAT1. ____made the school proud was ____more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because2.___she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that BAB3. He is absent from school . It is __ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason4 ___has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising . A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 5. Information has been put forward __ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities . A that B how C where D what DA6 – I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . -- Is that ___you had a few days off ? A why B when C what D where 7 Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game ?--- Oh ,that’s ___. A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited AA9.__ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect .10 A What B That C This D Which 1110. When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule :Always give the monkey exactly __ he wants .12 A what B which C when D that 1311. We made the suggestion that he ___ his work .14 A continues B continue 15 C continued D had continued BAB12.There will be a special price for ____ buys things in large number here.A. who   B.  whom   C. whoever     D.  Whomever13. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game .A.why       B.  what      C.  who       D.  that     (05)B.14.The poor young man is ready to accept __  help he can get. (05)C.   A. whichever        B. however                                   C. whatever         D.whenever14.Many newspaper printed the governor’s statement _____ would support a tax cut. A.and he   B. was that he    C  which he   D  that he  B.15._____ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.C.Which      B. How      C. What      D. That D.16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____  he or she wants.E.    A.  However                 B. whatever                                                                   C. whichever                D. whenever   1. Can you make sure ___ the gold rings?A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put2.The reason that has been such a success ___ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what3. ______ breaks the law should be punished.•A Whoever b. No matter who c. anyone. d. who 4. That is ___ I had to take the risk of being washed away. A. why      B.   reason why   C. how    D.  what5. Do ___ you think is right ___ difficulties you may have.  A. what ;however             B. that ;whatever   C. whatever ; whoever     D. what;  whatever6.The workers considered it important ___ the boss would agree to give them a rise.  A. whether      B. how    C. where     D. which 7. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. which B. that C. what D. whether8. Difficulty lies ___ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that10. I don’t think the question of ___ they are old or young is important. A. which B. whether C. how D. why13. The news ____ Lincoln was murdered filled the American people’s hearts with deep sorrow. A. which B. when C. that D. how 14. ____ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter15. I don’t trust his promise ___ he will buy me a new car. A. which B. what C. when D. that 16. She received the message ___ he would come by plane. A. that B. which C. what D. when17. Energy is ___ makes things work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that18.Our city has changed a lot ,and now it is quite different from __ a few years ago. A. what it used to be B. that it used to be C.which it used to be D. what was it19. We all know the truth ___ there are air ,water and sunlight,there are living things.  A. wherever    B. where    C. that       D. that wherever20.The true value of life is not in ___ , but____. A. how you get ;that you give  B.which you get;what you give C.what you get ;what you give D. what do you get ;what do you give21.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There    B. This     C.  That    D.   It Thank you。