2019高考英语一轮复习练习题 Unit 1 Great Scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

Great Scientists一、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项"Breakfast is the most important meal of the day," reports the Daily Mail, claiming that "skipping it increases your chances of a heart attack."The study, published in the peer-reviewed journal Circulation, was carried out by researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School. It was funded by the US National Institutes of Health and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.This study followed 26,902 male American dentists, vets, pharmacists(药剂师), optometrists, osteopaths and podiatrists(足疗师) aged between 45 and 82 years old for 16 years. To be fit for the study, the men could not have a history of cancer, coronary heart disease, heart attack or stroke.The population being studied was also extremely limited — professional men who were almost white. More research in women and other groups is needed for us to learn more about breakfast and heart health.After tracking a large group of middle-aged and older male American health professionals, studying their eating habits and their risk of developing coronary heart disease for 16 years, it found that men who reported skipping breakfast had a 27% higher risk of coronary heart disease than men who ate breakfast.Men who regularly were addicted to a "midnight snack" were found to have a 55% higher risk of coronary heart disease than men who didn’t. However, no association was seen between eating frequency (number of meals per day) and the risk of coronary heart disease. This could suggest that it is the timing of meals rather than the frequency that has a bigger influence on heart health.But because of the design of this study, a direct cause and effect relationship between breakfast and health cannot be proved. While the researchers attempted to take certain lifestyle factors into account, it could be the case that people who take time to have a regular breakfast also tend to have healthier lifestyles.1.What is the passage mainly discussing?A. Heart disease risk is higher in men who skip breakfast.B. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.C. Many professionals took part in the research.D. Some people have a preference for midnight snacks.2.If you want to be a participant .A. you must be an American dentist B. you should contact CirculationC. you should be over 50 years old D. you must be free from some diseases3.A person who prefers to have midnight snacks .A. may have a higher risk of coronary heart diseaseB. may have a habit of skipping breakfastC. may have less than three meals a dayD. may eat more frequently than others4.According to the passage, we can know .A. a regular breakfast will cost a lot of timeB. more research should be done about breakfast and healthC. the researchers must have developed healthy lifestylesD. only a few people focus on healthy lifestyles【文章大意】本文重点说明了早餐的重要性。

由美国哈佛公共卫生学院等机构对26 902名年龄在45—82岁之间的美国男性公民的研究发现，经常不吃早餐的人突发心脏病的风险比吃早餐的人高27%1.A 【解析】考查主旨大意作者在文中主要讲述了一项新的研究结果, 即经常不吃早餐的人突发心脏病的风险比吃早餐的人高 故选A项2.D 【解析】考查细节理解依据文章第三段的内容可知，要想参与这项研究,参与者要具备以下条件：男性；医务工作者；年龄在45—82岁；没有癌症、冠心病、心脏病发作或中风病史故选D项3.A 【解析】考查细节理解依据文章倒数第二段第一句可知,研究发现，经常吃夜宵的男性比不吃夜宵的男性患冠心病的风险高55%故选A项4.B 【解析】考查推理判断依据文章尾段的"because of the design of this study, a direct cause and effect relationship between breakfast and health cannot be proved"可知，由于研究的设计方案问题，不能证明早餐对健康的直接影响故选B项 二、教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

John Snow, a well­known doctor in London, became 1. (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2. (expose) to cholera, a 3. (dead) disease of its day. Many thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak 4. no one knew the cause of it. John wanted to help solve the problem.He got interested in two theories 5. (explain) how cholera killed people. He believed in the second theory that suggested that people 6. (absorb) the disease with their meals. In 1854, 7. another outbreak hit London, he was ready to test the two 8. (theory). 9. the help of the map he made, he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10. (blame)．答案：1.inspired　2.were exposed　3.deadly　4.because5．explaining　6.absorbed　7.when　8.theories　9.With 10．to blame三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。

That was a sunny day.My father and I were on the way __1__ my uncle's home.People on the street were walking leisurely and chatting __2__ ，while my father was walking in a hurry.I tried my best to __3__ him.But I was still left behind.I could not understand why he __4__ so fast.Due to the fast speed，I lost my __5__ and was pletely with sweat.Somehow，I began to be angry at him.He always did not think about my__6__.“Why do you walk so fast? Don't you see me behind you？”I said __7__.“You are always like this.Why must you __8__ so loudly？”he said and 。