高一英语语法-直接引语变成间接引语的句子结构的变化资料
9页1、直接引语变成间接引语的句子结构的变化 1) 陈述句 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. 用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替,注意,可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that,不可直接说told that 2)一般疑问句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. 间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序 3)特殊疑问句 He said to me,“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name
2、 was. 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达,语序改为陈述句语序 4)选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 用whetheror表达,而不用ifor,也不用eitheror 5)祈使句如果直接引语是祈使句,间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改,即改为:tell (ask, order, warn, advise等) sb. (not) to do sth. 如:The policeman said to the children, “Dont play football in the street.” The policeman told the children not to play football in the street.“Listen to me carefully, please.” the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to lis
3、ten to him carefully.【温馨提示】如果祈使句中出现了please, 在间接引语中必须省略。6)感叹句如果直接引语是感叹句,变间接引语时,用what, how或that来引述。如:“What a beautiful house it is!” he said to me. He told me what a beautiful house it was. He told me that it was a beautiful house. 引导词的选择及语序 1. 陈述句:S + V + that + 陈述语序 (S + V) “That is the trouble”, said Bill. 改为:Bill said _ _ _ the trouble. 【注】:that 可省略,但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列,则第二个that不可省略。 He told me (that) he had finished his work and that he would like to have a holiday. 2. 一般疑问句:S + V + if / whethe
4、r + 陈述语序 (S + V) He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?” 改为:He asked us _ _ _ leaving that night. 3. 特殊疑问句:S + V + what / who / which / whose / when + 陈述语序 (S + V) “Why did you lock the door?” father said to Anne. 改为:Father asked Anne _ _ _ _ the door. 4.祈使句:S + V + sb. to do / not to do (1)表示“命令”:tell, order, command (2)表示“请求”:ask, beg, request (3)表示“建议”:advise, suggest “Dont make noise in the library.” the teacher said to the students. 改为:The teacher _ the students_ _ _ noise in the library. 时态的一
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