gmat 语法经典讲义

1、2010GMAT语法讲义 Lecture 1 Introduce* Analytical Writing Assessment* Issue 30min * Argument 30min* Verbal 41 75min* Reading Comprehension 14* Critical Reasoning 11* Sentence Correction _* Quantitative 37 75min* ata sufficiency* Problem Solving1.CAT特点：难题高分2. 前_题最重要！3.语法抓住90%的分数4.节奏把握* 不能“_”* 不能_* 越来越快1-8 稳；9-20正常; 20+快，* 双倍惩罚：敢猜GMAT 语法* GMAT 语法与四六级、托福语法存在本质区别！标准的商业英语e.g. Which（it）不能用来指代整个句子考察标准* Correct expression 正确表达* We goes to school. * We go to school. * Effective expression 有效表达* 简洁：Marcus Garv

2、ey advocated that some Blacks returning to Africa which was the land that symbolized the possibility of freedomMarcus Garvey advocated that some Blacks returning to Africa, the land that symbolized the possibility of freedom* 忠实考查内容* Grammarn 句子结构n 谓语动词形式n 非谓语动词形式* Choice of wordsn 习惯搭配n 词的位置正确* Sentence constructionn 单一性n 合理性解题策略:l 读题l 找主干：主谓l 句意：逻辑意思l 找错误： Correct expression正确表达l 读选项l 求同存异l 判断： Correct expression正确表达；Effective expression 有效表达l 代入检查实例:e.g.1: Lacking information about energy use

3、, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.B equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it whenC equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it whenD visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that

4、 E visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate it when1.读题* 1）找出主干* Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimatethe amountof energy used by equipment. such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimatethat used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.* 2)逻辑意思缺乏，人们高估了一种仪器的能源消耗量低估了另一种的消耗量* 3 ）找错误2.比选项* 判断选项间的区别决定往哪儿想* 求同存异* Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount

5、of energy used by equipment. such as lights, that are visible must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.3.代入检查Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.不考察的内容* _n 作文中考察，改错题不考察，别管标点了！n _可以作为分析句子成分的暗示* _n 不影响做题* _n 不是标准书面语，不考！GMAT基础语法精讲一、句子结构1、基本结

6、构核心成分（_+_）+次要成分（_） e.g. The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus, doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit the distant planet 基本结构：the camerasdetectedUranus2、分类简单句主次 Mary is a beautiful girl.并列句并列I like action movies but I dont like thrillers主从句主从The Wallenstein study indicatesthat even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce that occurred when they were children.并列主从复合句

7、考点: 句子结构的完整性e.g.2强调结构、倒装结构等渗透在后面的语法中，这次课不做专门讲解！二、名词词组与动名词Review of Basic knowledge* 个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体;* 集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体;* 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物;* 抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念.集体名词的单数形式做主语时* 如果将其看作整体，动词用_形式，* The team is playing well this year.今年该队打得很好* 若看作该整体中的若干个体，动词用_。* The team are scattered all over Europe during their holidays. 该队队员在假期中分散到欧洲各地。* 名词的所有格含义：两词之间的所属关系种类：一是由名词后加s构成（有生命) Lihua book一是由名词后加of构成（无生命）the size of book名词短语1.名词短语是指由几个名词或名词及其修饰语构成的短语。2.两个或多个_可以由and等对等连词连接，构成名词短语。Men and women ar

8、e equal.男人和女人是平等的。（Men and women是名词短语。）* 3._作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。I dont know the man. 我不认识那人。（the man是名词短语。）4._作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。She bought a gas stove yesterday.昨天她买了一个煤气炉。（a gas stove是名词短语。）5._作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。John Lennon, the famous singer, was killed in 1980.著名歌星约翰列侬在一九八零年被杀.。(the famous singer是名词短语。）The book is one of his best-sellers.这本书是他的畅销书之一。（one of his best-sellers是名词短语）6._作修饰语，可与前面的名词构成名词短语。They are looking for a man without his left leg.他们在找一个缺了左腿的男人。（a man without his left leg是名词短语）7._作修饰语，可与前面的名词构成名词短语。The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.明天要开的会很重要。（The meeting to be held是名词短语）8._作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。The sleeping child is his son.正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子。(The sleeping child是名词短语）9._作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。He went to the swimming pool.他去游泳池了。（the swimming pool是名词短语）动名词动词+ ing; 有名词的性质但强调动作1)具备_的特点主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done

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