电子文档交易市场
安卓APP | ios版本
电子文档交易市场
安卓APP | ios版本

how_values_made_innnovation

311页
  • 卖家[上传人]:小**
  • 文档编号:89124467
  • 上传时间:2019-05-18
  • 文档格式:DOC
  • 文档大小:2MB
  • / 311 举报 版权申诉 马上下载
  • 文本预览
  • 下载提示
  • 常见问题
    • 1、1 Test 5/18/2019 11:44:10 下午下午 Bourgeois Deeds: How Values Made Innovation and the Modern World The Bourgeois Era, Vol. 2 Deirdre McCloskey University of Illinois at Chicago Academia Vitae, Deventer, The Netherlands University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa Table of Contents Preface and Acknowledgements The Argument in Brief: How a Change in Talk Made the Modern World A Preliminary Showing that Ethical Ideas and Their Rhetoric Mattered The Outcome was the Bourgeois Era Part 1: Mat

      2、erial Explanations of the Worlds Enrichment Do Not Work 1:Modern Growth is a Factor of at the Very Least Fifteen 2 2: Britain Led 3: It Was Not from Thrift 4: Nor Was It from Original Accumulation, or the Protestant Ethic 5: Foreign Trade Was Not It 6: Nor the Slave Trade, Nor Imperialism 7: Eugenic Materialism Doesnt Work 8: And Neo-Darwinian Arguments Dont Figure 9: Strictly “Material” Causes are thus Rebutted 10: Nor Was It Nationalism 11: Nor Institutions Viewed as Constraints 12: Nor Routin

      3、e Institutional Investments 13: Nor the Sheer Quickening of Commerce Part 2 The Rhetoric of the Christian and Aristocratic and then Bourgeois English Changed 14: The Bourgeoisie is Always With Us 15: But the Bourgeoisie Has Been Disdained 16: There Were Precursors of a Self-Respecting Bourgeoisie 17: Yet on the Whole theBourgeoisies Have Been Precarious 18: The Dutch Preached Bourgeois Virtue 19: And the Dutch Bourgeoisie Was Virtuous 20: YetStill Old England Disdained the Market and the Bourgeo

      4、isie 21: Aristocratic England Scorned Measurement 22: And So the English Bourgeoisie Could Not “Rise” 23: But in the Late seventeenth Century the English Changed 24: The Words Show the Change 25: NEW CHAPTER UNTITLED YET 26: Bourgeois England Loved Measurement 27: The New Values Triumphed Works cited Apologia Our modern world of computers, tolerance, antibiotics, frozen peas, liberty, higher education, and central heating was caused by a change in ideas about the middle class. The ideas of the e

      5、lite changed, not the actual behavior of the middle- class. Public opinion in England rather suddenly around 1700 stopped sneering at profit and invention and other virtues exercised beyond the temple or battlefield. That is, the modern world arose in the first instance from a change in words and ideas. It changed from “ideology,” to use the word Marx taught us, or from “rhetoric,” as I would prefer. Marx was mistakento believethat ideological change always reflects economic change. The change i

      6、n words and ideas led off, and the change in the 3 economy followed. Holland started it, in the seventeenth century, and Britainbroadened it, in the eighteenth. “Capitalism developed,” we say. Actually it is wiser to call what developed in early modern times and enriched us beyond all expectations in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries by another word, without the misleading connotations of “capitalism”perhaps simply“innovation.”Using as a synonym for “Modern Capitalism” something like “The A

      7、ge of Innovation” will point in the right direction. Capitalism,which was another coin struck around 1800 whose exact meaning in our thinking is due mainly to Marx, points in the wrong direction, to money and saving and accumulation. Itbrings to mind Scrooge McDuck in the Donald Duck comic books and his piles of money. Or in a slightly more sophisticated version it brings to mind Charles Montgomery Burns in The Simpsons and his piles of factories. Economists since the 18th century have liked the

      8、 idea of piled capital as the maker of modernity,partly because it emphasizes cost and partly because it is easy to describe mathematically. The master equation Q = F(K,L) has since the late nineteenth century delighted the economist, and has satisfied her deeply Calvinist beliefs. But the cartoonists are wrong, and so have been the economists. Piling up isnt it. Let us gently retire the fraught and misleading word. The path to the modern was not through rich people piling upmore riches. They ha

      9、d always done so. Nor was it through bosses being nasty to workers, or through powerful countries being nasty to weak countries. They had always done that, too. It was instead through innovating in machinery and in business practices. And thenit was through innovating in politics,so that life, liberty, and the pursuit of innovation were protected. Innovating became respectable, slowly, in the way people talked about it. For example, merchants and machine makers and manufacturersin the eighteenth century became for the first time “gentlemen” in the talk of others, applyingto the middling sort a word that had been used previously only for the idle and well-born. For that mattersome of the idle and well-born, in Hollandand England and Scotlandand the British colonies, and even in France,took also to innovating. Young gentlemen embarked on bourgeois careers in Rotterdam, Bristol, Glasgow,B

      《how_values_made_innnovation》由会员小**分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《how_values_made_innnovation》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

      点击阅读更多内容
    最新标签
    发车时刻表 长途客运 入党志愿书填写模板精品 庆祝建党101周年多体裁诗歌朗诵素材汇编10篇唯一微庆祝 智能家居系统本科论文 心得感悟 雁楠中学 20230513224122 2022 公安主题党日 部编版四年级第三单元综合性学习课件 机关事务中心2022年全面依法治区工作总结及来年工作安排 入党积极分子自我推荐 世界水日ppt 关于构建更高水平的全民健身公共服务体系的意见 空气单元分析 哈里德课件 2022年乡村振兴驻村工作计划 空气教材分析 五年级下册科学教材分析 退役军人事务局季度工作总结 集装箱房合同 2021年财务报表 2022年继续教育公需课 2022年公需课 2022年日历每月一张 名词性从句在写作中的应用 局域网技术与局域网组建 施工网格 薪资体系 运维实施方案 硫酸安全技术 柔韧训练 既有居住建筑节能改造技术规程 建筑工地疫情防控 大型工程技术风险 磷酸二氢钾 2022年小学三年级语文下册教学总结例文 少儿美术-小花 2022年环保倡议书模板六篇 2022年监理辞职报告精选 2022年畅想未来记叙文精品 企业信息化建设与管理课程实验指导书范本 草房子读后感-第1篇 小数乘整数教学PPT课件人教版五年级数学上册 2022年教师个人工作计划范本-工作计划 国学小名士经典诵读电视大赛观后感诵读经典传承美德 医疗质量管理制度 2 2022年小学体育教师学期工作总结 2022年家长会心得体会集合15篇
    关于金锄头网 - 版权申诉 - 免责声明 - 诚邀英才 - 联系我们
    手机版 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号 | 经营许可证(蜀ICP备13022795号)
    ©2008-2016 by Sichuan Goldhoe Inc. All Rights Reserved.