初中英语语法之冠词 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词知识讲义及配套练习题

1、语法专项冠词一、不定冠词的用法（a、an）1、用来表示“一”这个数量： Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。 He will be back in a day or two.他将在一至两天内返回。 a pair of socks, a hundred, two yuan a metre, eight hours a day, twice a week, a cup of tea.2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。 A grammar book is necessary to a language learner. 对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。 A house is a useful animal.3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，A man is looking for you.4、表示“每一”，相当于every 例如，I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，I have three books. I want to b

2、uy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6、用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大量； after a while过一会儿； have a rest（休息）； have a look（瞧瞧）；have a good time（过得开心）； take a shower（淋浴）； take a break（休息）； take a bath（洗澡）； get a cold（患感冒）； get a fever（发烧）； make a living（谋生）；in a moment（过一会儿）；二、定冠词的用法（the）：1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，上文提到的，双方都知道的。 The blue shirt is mine.蓝衬衫是我的。 I have a car. The car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。2、 指世界上独一无二的事物。 the sun 3、 用在序数词，形容词最高级前4、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人5、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”6、用在方位词前。on the left7、用在乐器、棋类前。 play the piano8

3、、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江9、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the United States 美国10、all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外三、零冠词的用法：1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。Tianan Men Square天安门广场，2、代词所有格（my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)。3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。They are teachers. 他们是老师。Tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前: on Sunday在周日，in Marc

4、h在三月，in spring在春天，on Womens Day在妇女节 (如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。)5、称呼语前，名字前。Tom Mum6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。I have lunch at school every day.7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25 Middle School8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处(3)介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上(4)go短语：go

5、home回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼四、有the和无the：1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里2. in front of在(外部的)前面/in the front of在(内部的)前面3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去5. next year明年/the next year 第二年6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人)五、练习题1.There will be _ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon. A. anB. a C. theD. /2. Little Tony is _hone

6、st boy. He never tells lies. A. a B. an C. / D. the3.Please stay for dinner. It will be ready in half _ hour. A. aB. anC. theD. / 4.Can you see _ one-eyed cow in _field? A.an, theB.a, theC./, theD.a, a5. A: Which girl is your daughter, Mr. White? B: Oh, look, that little one in red. A. aB. anC. /D. the6. His father is _ engineer. He always wears _ uniform at work. A. a.a B. a.an C. an.a D. an.an 7. _ young man beside me is _ university student. A. AnaB. An/C. TheanD. Thea8. _ girl with a toy in

7、her hand is my little sister. A.AB. AnC. TheD. /9. My friend, Harry, his favorite sport is playing _golf. A. a B. an C. the D. /10. Last week, I wrote _ article on our School Food Festival to Shanghai Students Post. A. theB. anC. aD. /11. Its _ pleasure for me to be invited to play _ piano at the concert. A. the, aB. a, theC. a, aD. a, / 12.I like to read _ book. Its better than reading on the Internet. A. / B. a C. an D. the13. He ordered a book some time ago and now _book has arrived. A. a B.

8、the C. an D. /14. He ordered a washing machine by phone two days ago, and machine has arrived. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15._ teacher said that Jack was_ new student and he was_ honest. A. The, a, B. A, the, a C. A, a, an D. The, a, an16. Tom likes playing _football, while Lily likes playing violin. A. the/ B. / the C. thethe D. /17.Please get everything ready. Our meeting will begin in half _ hour.A. aB. anC. theD. /18.Its about half _ hours walk from here to _ nearest underground station. A. atheB. antheC. /theD. thea 19More college graduates would like to work in _ west part of our country_ next year. A. the, theB. /,/C. /, theD. the, /20My grandpa used to have _ walk in the garden after _ supper.

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