【世纪金榜】2018年高考英语（外研版）一轮复习素材：第二部分 专题复习 一、语法 12.状语从句

1、状语从句,定义： 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,分类: 1.Adverbial Clause of Time（时间状语从句） 2.Adverbial Clause of Cause (原因状语从句） 3.Adverbial Clause of Condition(条件状语从句） 4.Adverbial Clause of Place (地点状语从句） 5.Adverbial Clause of Purpose (目的状语从句） 6.Adverbial Clause of Result（结果状语从句） 7.Adverbial Clause of Comparison（比较状语从句） 8.Adverbial Clause of Concession(让步状语从句） 9.Adverbial Clause of Manner(方式状语从句 ),Adverbial Clause of Time:（时间状语从句） 常用连接词： when, while, as, before, after, since, until, as

2、 soon as, every time, each time, the moment, by the time, immediately, the minute, the second 请注意 when, while, as 的区别,when (1)当时候 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。例如：When I opened the window, I saw him come up. 注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。,(2)正在的时候，突然 。 通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。例如： I was walking along the street , when I met him.,(3)当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。例如： Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast. When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.

3、,(4) When=after 例如： When （After） the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.,(5) when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如： When the film ended, the people went back.,(6)可以表示原因“既然”，相当于since; considering that。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes .,while (1)在期间 往往指一段时间。 例如： While we were in America, we saw him twice. While we were talking, he came in.,(2) while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。 如： Please don

4、t talk so loud while others are working.,(3) 表示一种不满情绪 意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。 例如： We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing football.,as (1)一边一边, 随着。例如：She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music. (2)当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。例如：As I was going out, it began to rain.,when, while, as的用法区别 1. while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。如：When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. (不可用while) 2. 从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。如：When you

5、have finished your work, you may have a rest.,3表示“随着”，连词用as，不用when或while。如： As the election approached, the violence got worse. 4如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while与as 可互换使用。如：When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.,before 一、含义 1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 3 Please write it down before you forget it. 4Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“才”,“不到

6、就”,“趁”,“还没来得及”,二、before从句中谓语不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, the train had gone. 三、1）句型It will be/was一段时间before“还要过多久才”如：It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It was not一段时间before“不多久就”。如： It wasnt two years before he left the country.,after 在 之后 例如： The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.,since (1)自从, 通常主句用现在完成时。例如： I have never been there again since I graduated from the university. (2)句型It is一段时间since时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：It is three years since she was in our class. 她来我们班有三年了。,as soon as 一就 Jack went to school as soon as he got well. no sooner than 刚就 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 注意： no sooner than 用于句首要求倒装,

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