特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）-3年高考2年模拟1年---精校解析Word版

1、 【2019年高考命题预测】高考研究特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识，熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究，主要从以下几个方面进行考查：倒装句、强调句、省略句和独立主格结构。在学习时，首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用，其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布（1） 考纲要求从近几年高考试题来看，特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。（2） 命题规律一、高考命题对倒装的考查比较频繁，倒装句经常与动词时态融合一起考查。二、近几年高考中，主要考查了强调句的基本结构，省略句主要和非谓语动词一起考查。三、高考命题对特殊句式考查的综合性和情景性越来越强。【考点pk】 名师考点透析强调句、倒装句和省略

2、句强调句考点l 强调句结构及其中的who和thatIt was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。It is when he got back that he knew what had happened他回来后才知道所发生的情况。It was the goats eyes that he had seen in the darkness他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。特别提示强调句中的主谓一致性：当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应与主语一致，即人称和数要一致。如：It is my mother who cooks every day每天煮饭的是我妈妈。It is he who is wrong是他错了。考例：If nature does not provi

3、de man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory _ he will turn to for it.AwhereBthatCwhichDwhat考点二 强调状语部分It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)It was where you have questions that youd better make a mark最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)n was because she was ill that she didnt come to the party她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)It is as the Party tells us that we must do我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)It is as long as you promise to be back before 8：00 that you can g

4、o out只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)It wasnt until I got off the bus that I realized it直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句)Not until I got off the bus did I realize it直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)考例：It was not until midnight _ we got home because of traffic jams.AthatBwhenCwhileDas考点3 强调句的疑问句1一般疑问句。结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：Was it during the AntiJapanese War that he died?他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?2特殊疑问句。结构为：特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如：Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?为什么这儿不允许吸烟? 考点4 强调句

5、与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析2定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why等，与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和that，强调人时，用who或that，强调其他时，只用that，且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如：It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high schoo1那是2009年，她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)It is three years since he joined the army自他参军以来已有三年了。It is many years since he smoked他没有吸烟已有好多年了。(2)It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示”要过多久(不久)才”，before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如：It wont be long before you reach your goal你离成功不远了。(3)It Was+时间段

6、+before从句。表示”过了多久才”。before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如：It was four hours before he finished the work,过了四小时他才完成工作。考例：It is_ Tom often breaks the school roles_ makes his teacher unsatisfied with himAwhat：thatBthat；whatCthat；thatDwhich ;that【答案】C考点5 谓语动词的强调强调句“It is/wasthat”一般不强调谓语动词，如果要强调谓语，用助动词do，does或did。如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1家里的确设法让他上技术学校。倒装句考点1 全部倒装Now comes your turn!该你了3当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等时，常用全部倒装。如：On the ground lay an old man，who wa

7、s dying地上躺着一位老人，奄奄一息。4such作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。如：Such is their decision他们的决定就是这样。考例：At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing liesC. does lie ChongqingD. does Chongqing lie【答案】A【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。考点2 部分倒装只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。如：Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and So have I玛丽已经记住了200个单词，我也是这样。The girls study hard

8、这些女孩学习刻苦。so they do她们的确如此。3在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句中用部分倒装。如：Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。6在hardlywhen，no soonerthan，not until句型中，主句须部分倒装。如：Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow他一到，天就下起雪来了。7as引导的让步状语从句结构为：形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。如： 8在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。如：Were I in your position，1 would not go我要是在你的位置上，我是不会去的。9however，no matter how引导的让步状语从句。如：However hard he worked，he couldnt solve the problem不管多努力，他就是解决不了那个问题

9、。 考例：1.We laugh at jokes，but seldom _ about how they workAwe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think2.Never_ Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.Adid we think Bhave we thoughtCwe thought Dwe have thought【答案】A【解析】倒装结构。当否定词never，not，hardly，seldom等放在句首的时候，句子要部分倒装，根据语意可知，应用一般过去时，因此选A项。3.Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun省略句考点 省略句的几个考察要点考点省略句的几个考查要点英语中，有时为了避免重复，往往省去一个词或一些成分，这种语法现象称为省略。主要考查点有：1简单句的省略。祈使句省略主语you；某些句子结构省略谓语；部分问句同时省略主谓语；疑问句的答语省略；感叹句

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