严重肝病引起以代谢紊乱为基础神经福建肝病医院
45页1、Hepatic Encephalopathy 福州白湖亭医院肝病科,Definition (1),Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) It represents a reversible decrease in neurological function, based upon the disorder of metabolism which is caused by severe decompensated liver disease . 严重肝病引起的以代谢紊乱为基础的神经、精神综合征。主要临床表现为意识障碍、行为失常和昏迷,Definition (2),Subclinical or latent HE diagnosed only by precise mental tests or EEG, no obvious clinical and biochemical abnormalities,Incidence/prevalence,Universal feature of acute liver failure 50%70% in chronic hepat
2、ic failure Difficult to estimate,Etiology,Fulminant hepatic failure acute severe viral hepatitis, drug/toxin, acute fatty liver of pregnancy Due to acute hepatocellular necrosis Chronic liver disease cirrhosis of all types , surgically induced portal-systemic shunts, primary liver cancer Due to one or more potentially reversible precipitating factors,Common precipitating factor,Deterioration in hepatic function Drugs Sedatives potentially hepatotoxic agents Gastrointestinal bleeding Excessive di
3、etary protein Uremia/azotemia,Infection Constipation Anesthesia and surgery Hypoxia Diuretics hypokalemia, Alkalosis hypovolemia,Nitrogenous Encephalopathy,Non-Nitrogenous Encephalopathy,Pathogenesis (1),Toxic materials derived from nitrogeneous substrate in the gut and bypass the liver HE is caused by several factors act synergistically Several putative gut-derived toxins identified,Pathogenesis (2),Postulated factors/mechanisms: Ammonnia neurotoxicity Synergistic neurotoxins Excitatory inhibit
4、ory neurotransmitters and plasma amino acid imbalance hypothesis -Aminobutyric acid(GABA)/BZ hypothesis,Ammonia neurotoxicity,Over production and/or hypoeccrisis Poor hepato-cellular function:incomplete metabolism Portal-systemic encephalopathy: bypass Ammonia intoxication Interfere with cerebral metabolism: Depletion of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and ATP Depression cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption,Ammonia neurotoxicity,Elevation of ammonia: detected in 60%80% Absolute concentration
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