2021年英语四级翻译练习题及译文（6篇）

1、2021年英语四级翻译练习题及译文（6篇）1.进入21世纪，世界形势继续发生深刻变化，多极化与经济全球化在曲折中深入发展，科技进步突飞猛进，人类社会前进的步伐加快，新情况、新矛盾层出不穷。维护世界和平、促进共同发展是各国人民的共同使命。国际社会在探索与实践中，更加深刻地认识到，应该站在时代发展和人类进步的高度，以合作谋和平，以合作促发展，努力扩大各国利益的汇合点，寻求互利共赢。中国的和平发展道路是一条在维护世界和平中发展自己，又以自身发展促进世界和平的道路;就是要以科学发展观为指导，实现全面，协调和可持续发展，努力构建社会主义和谐社会。译文：Since entering the 21st century the world has continued to undergo profound changes. World particularization and economic globalization are developing in greater depth amid twists and turns. Science and technology are making r

2、apid progress as human society advances at accelerated pace. New situations and new contradictions keep cropping up without letup. Maintaining world peace and promoting common development remain the mission of all countries in the world. Thanks to its exploration and practice, the international community has arrived at a deeper understanding that it must secure peace and promote development through cooperation in the interest of progressing times and human advancement and seek mutual benefits an

3、d win-win results by earnestly expanding the convergence of interests of all countries. China s peaceful development is a path of developing itself while maintaining world peace and promoting world peace with its own development. With the guideline of the concept of scientific development, China will achieve a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development and build a harmonious socialist society.2.尽管中国古代神话(mythology)没有十分完整的情节，神话人物也没有系统的家谱(genealogy)，但它们却有着鲜明的东方文化特色，其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神(the sp

4、irit of esteeming virtue)。这种尚德精神在与西方神话特别是希腊神话比较时，显得更加突出。在西方神话尤其是希腊神话中，对神的褒贬标准多以智慧、力量为准则，而中国古代神话对神的褒贬则多以道德为准绳。这种思维方式深植于中国的文化之中。几千年来，这种尚德精神影响着人们对历史人物的品评与现实人物的期望。译文：Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological figures dont have systematic genealogy, they have distinct features of oriental culture, among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant. When compared with Western mythology, especially Greek mythology, this spirit of estee

5、ming virtue is even more prominent. In Western mythology, especially Greek mythology, the criteria for judging whether a god is good or not are mostly the gods wisdom and strength, while in ancient Chinese mythology, the criterion lies in morality. This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture. For thousands of years, this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected peoples comments on historical figures and expectations of real people.词句点拨：1.神话人物:可译为mythological figures。2.系统的家谱:可译为system

6、atic genealogy。其中systematic意为系统的，是system的形容词形式。3.其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神:将此句译为定语从句among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant，承接前一句，可以使译文结构更加紧凑，逻辑更加清晰。3.皮影戏(shadow play)是中国的一种民间艺术，拥有悠久的历史。皮影戏所需要的演员是用牛皮做的皮影人形，由一个或几个人控制着，并用光将它们反射到幕布上。皮影戏在陕西和甘肃地区最为流行，经常在庙会、婚礼和葬礼等场合演出。皮影戏是用来驱邪的，人们希望皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运。精致生动的皮影人形已经成为一种收藏品，深受外国人的喜爱。表达难点：1.第1句可用并列结构译出(Shadow play is a. and has .)，但不如把后半句“拥有.”处理成后置定语，用介词短语with a long history表达来得简洁。2.第2句较长，可将其拆译成两个句子。在“皮影戏所需要的演员”中，定语“所需要”可以省略不译，译成The actors o

7、r actresses in a shadow play.即可将意思表达清楚。“用牛皮做的”可译为过去分词短语made of.，作figures的后置定语，使句子结构清晰简洁。在翻译“由，并”时，需补充主语“皮影人形”。其中前半句可处理成方式状语，用现在分词短语的被动语态来表达，译作Being controlled by.;“用光”表方式，可译为via light。3.在第3句中，“陕西”和“甘肃”宜补译性质Province(省);“经常在等场合演出”为无被动标识词的被动句，应译为is performed in.,并可承前省略is。4.第4句中的“皮影戏是用来驱邪的”可处理为原因状语，译作With the purpose of driving out evil spirits;“皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运”作“希望(wish)的宾语，可用that引导的宾语从句来表达，译为 (that) the performance of shadow play will.。译文：Shadow play is a form of Chinese folk art with a long histor

8、y. The actors or actresses in a shadow play are figures made of cow leather. Being controlled by one or several persons, these figures are reflected via light on the screen. Shadow play is most popular in the area of Shanxi and Gansu Provinces and often performed in the temple fairs, wedding ceremonies and funeral ceremonies, etc. With the purpose of driving out evil spirits, people wish that the performance of shadow play will bring them good fortune. Delicate and vivid shadow figures have beco

9、me a kind of collection and are greatly loved by foreigners.4.五行学说(the theory of five elements)是中国古代的一种物质观。五行包括金、木、水、火和土五种要素。五行学说强调整体概念，描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式。五行学说认为宇宙万物都是基于这五种要素的运行和变化。这五个要素相互作用，不但影响到人的命运，同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。五行学说成熟干汉代 (the Han Dynasty)，之后广泛应用于中医、建筑和武术(martial arts等领域。难点1.第2句五行中的“金”指“金属”，而非“黄金”，故第2句中应译为metal，而非gold。2.第3句中的第2个分句“描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式”可处理为状语，表伴随状态，用分词短语describing the structural relationships and forms of movement of matters 来表达。3.第4句中的“五行学说认为”可译为the theory holds that.，亦可译为according to the theory，承前句，“五行学说”可简单转换表达为“该学说”(the theory)。“宇宙万物”可译为the universe，强调整体，也可表达为 everything in the universe。4.第5句有三个分句，可把“这五个要素相互作用”处理成主干，“不但影响到，同时也使宇宙万物”处理为结果状语，用分词短语来表达，“不但同时也”可用结构both. and.或. as well as.来表达，故整句译为 These five elements interact with each other, affecting.as well as making.。5.最后一句“五行学说成熟于汉代，之后广泛应用于”可用并列结构译出：The theory got mature in the Han Dynasty and was widely employed.。翻译宾语“

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