2020年中考英语语法专题复习讲义与练习题：专题十三宾语从句

1、专题十三宾语从句 考点聚焦 一、什么是宾语从句 在句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语， 也可作介词的宾语。 二、宾语从句的引导词 1、that 无实意，用来引导陈述句的宾语从句，口语中常省略。 例如： She told me that she had been to Hong Kong twice. 她告诉我她去过香港两次。 I know （that）the visitors are from Australia.我知道这些游客来自澳 大利亚。 2、if 或 whether 这两个词是“是否”的意思，主要用来引导一般疑 问句或选择问句的宾语从句，口语中多用if，不能省略。例如： He asked me if / whether I had been to Beijing twice. 他问我是否去过北京两次。 She wanted to know whether I would go there or not. 她想知道我是否想去那里。 3、疑问词 when ，where，who，how 等，这类词通常引导特殊疑 问句的宾语从句。例如： Can you tell

2、 me how I can find Mr Wang？ 你能告诉我怎样才能找到王先生吗？ Please find out who broke the window.请查一下是谁打烂窗户的。 三、宾语从句的语序 凡是从句都必须使用“主语在前，谓语在后”的陈述语序，宾语从句 也不例外，也就是说宾语从句的语序必须是“引导词+ 主语+谓语+ 其它”。例如： 误：Could you tell me where is the bus station？ 正：Could you tell me where the bus station is？ 四、宾语从句的时态一致 1、当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从句可以根据需要 选择相应的时态，不受主句的影响；主句为一般过去时，从句要 用相应的过去时态。例如： I want to know what time he ate his breakfast. 我想知道他今天早晨几点钟吃早饭的。 They will tell us that they have been able to look after themselves. 他们将会告诉我们他们已经能照

3、顾自己了。 I asked what my father was doing then. 我问那时我爸爸在干什么？ 2、当宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象是，宾语从句的时态 不受主句的时态的影响，仍然用一般现在时。如： He said the moon moves round the earth. 他说月亮围着地球转。 She asked whether light travels faster than sound. 她问光速是否比声速快。 五、宾语从句的简化 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中的主语与主句的主语或宾语相同 时常常可以将宾语从句简化成 “特殊疑问词 +动词不定式”这种结构。 有时候由 that 引导的宾语从句也可以用动词不定式或者动词的ing 形式来简化。如： Can you tell me how I can get to the post office？ = Can you tell me how to get to the post office？ She dont know whether she should go there with them or not.

4、 = She don t know whether to go there with them or not. He can remember that he has climbed the tall tree. = He can remember climbing the tall tree. 六、宾语从句的否定转移及其它 1、当 I think/believe/guess等一些看法的词后面所接的宾语从句是 否定句时，习惯上否定主句，采用“I don t think/believe/guess+ 肯定形式的宾语从句”这种结构来表达。如： 我认为明天她不会来。 误：I think that she wont come tomorrow. 正：I don tthink that she will come tomorrow. 2、对 I think/believe/guess等动词后面所接的宾语从句进行划线 部分提问时，要用“疑问词 +do you think /believe/guess+宾语从 句的剩余成分？”这种结构来表达。如： 你认为谁将在会上发言？ 误：Do you think

5、 who will speak at the meeting？ 正：Who do you think will speak at the meeting？ 实战演练 (2 50) 计分: 1Could you tell me _? It s near the post office. A. where is the bookstore B. the bookstore is where C. where the bookstore is 2.Many people are talking about this disease these days. Could you tell me_? Ahow can I keep healthy B. how I can keep healthy C. I can keep healthy 3. Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can get to the Space Museum? Of course. You can take bus No.1. Awhere B. how C .if 4Do you know

6、 _the girl in red is ? I m not sure .Maybe a teacher. A. when B. where C. what 5What did your parents think about your decision? They always let me do _I think I should. A. when B. that C. what 6.I hear Tom lives here ,but I m not sure_. A. which room he lives in B. which room does he live in C. he live in which room 7.We can use QQ to communicate with each other online. Good. Will you please show me_. A. which to use B. how to use it C. where to use it 8.There are many people downstairs. What d

7、o you think_? A. to happen B. happening C. has happened 9.Guess _I did yesterday! I think you went to a party. A. where B. when C. what 10Do you think _he should go to the music club or not? Sorry, I have no idea. A. that B. what C. whether 11.They will be thankful for _you have done. A. what B. that C. which 12.Where does Mr.Black live? Can you guess? Sorry, I can t guess_. A. where does he live B. where he live in C. where he lives 13.Could you let me know _ yesterday? A. why did you come late

8、 B. why you came late C. why do you come late 14.We are not sure if it _ tomorrow. If it _,our sports meeting will be put off. A. will rain; rains B .rains; will rain C. will rain; will rain 15.I want to know _ the day after tomorrow. A. what he will do B .what will he do C .what he did 16. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. will take 17. Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. had never been 18. The students want to

9、 know whether they_ dictionary today. A. had B. has C. will have 19. She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can 20 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels 21. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when 22, I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when 23. I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which 24. She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be 25. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B. where C. what 26. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B. when C. why 27. He asked me _told me the accident. A. whom B. which C. who 28. They dont know _their parents are. A. that B. what C.

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