高中英语语法总结大全之动词的时态 .pdf

1、高三英语总复习资料 高中英语语法总结大全之动词的时态 一般现在时的用法 1 经常性或习惯性的动作 常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用 时间状语 every sometimes at on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning 2 客观真理 客观存在 科学事实 The earth moves around the sun Shanghai lies in the east of China 3 表示格言或警句中 Pride goes before a fall 骄者必败 注意 此用法如果出现在宾语从句中 即使主句是过去时 从句谓语也要用一般现在时 例 Columbus proved that the earth is round 4 现在时刻的状态 能力 性格 个性 I don t want so much Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well 比较 Now I put the sugar in the cup I am doing my homework now

2、第一句用一般现在时 用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作 表示言行的瞬间动作 再如 Now watch me I switch on the current and stand back 第二句中的now 是进行时的标志 表示正在进行的动作的客观状况 所以后句用一般现在时 一般过去时的用法 1 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态 时间状语有 yesterday last week an hour ago the other day in 1982 等 Where did you go just now 2 表示在过去一段时间内 经常性或习惯性的动作 When I was a child I often played football in the street Whenever the Browns went during their visit they were given a warm welcome 高三英语总复习资料 3 句型 It is time for sb to do sth 到 时间了 该 了 It is time sb did sth 时间已迟了 早该 了 I

3、t is time for you to go to bed 你该睡觉了 It is time you went to bed 你早该睡觉了 would had rather sb did sth 表示 宁愿某人做某事 I d rather you came tomorrow 4 wish wonder think hope 等用过去时 作试探性的询问 请求 建议等 I thought you might have some 我以为你想要一些 比较 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去 现已不复存在 Christine was an invalid all her life 含义 她已不在人间 Christine has been an invalid all her life 含义 她现在还活着 Mrs Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years 含义 达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州 Mrs Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years 含义 现在还住在肯塔基州 有可能指刚离去 注意 用过去时表示现在 表示委

4、婉语气 1 动词 want hope wonder think intend 等 Did you want anything else I wondered if you could help me 2 情态动词could would Could you lend me your bike used to be used to used to do 过去常常 表示过去习惯性的动作或状态 但如今已不存在 Mother used not to be so forgetful 高三英语总复习资料 Scarf used to take a walk 过去常常散步 be used to doing 对 已感到习惯 或 习惯于 to 是介词 后需加名词或动名词 He is used to a vegetarian diet Scarf is used to taking a walk 现在习惯于散步 典型例题 Your phone number again I quite catch it It s 69568442 A didn tB couldn tC don tD can t 答案 A 本句

5、虽没有明确的时间状语 但从语意上看出 在听的时候没有听懂这个动 作发生在过去 因此应用过去时 一般将来时 1 shall 用于第一人称 常被will 所代替 will 在陈述句中用于各人称 在争求意见时常用于第二人称 Which paragraph shall I read first Will you be at home at seven this evening 2 be going to 不定式 表示将来 a 主语的意图 即将做某事 What are you going to do tomorrow b 计划 安排要发生的事 The play is going to be produced next month c 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds there is going to be a storm 3 be 不定式表将来 按计划或正式安排将发生的事 We are to discuss the report next Saturday 4 be about to 不定式 意为马上做某事 He is about to leave for Be

6、ijing 注意 be about to 不能与 tomorrow next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用 高三英语总复习资料 be going to will 用于条件句时 be going to 表将来 will 表意愿 If you are going to make a journey you d better get ready for it as soon as possible Now if you will take off your clothes we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror be to 和 be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事 be going to 表示主观的打算或计划 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon 客观安排 I m going to play football tomorrow afternoon 主观安排 一般现在时表将来 1 下列动词 come go arrive leave s

7、tart begin return 的一般现在时表将来 这主要用 来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning When does the bus star It stars in ten minutes 2 倒装句 表示动作正在进行 如 Here comes the bus The bus is coming There goes the bell The bell is ringing 3 在时间或条件句中 When Bill comes 不是 will come ask him to wait for me I ll write to you as soon as I arrive there 4 在动词hope take care that make sure that等后 I hope they have a nice time next week Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room 用现在进行时表示将来 意为 意

8、图 打算 安排 常用于人 常用词为come go start arrive leave stay 高三英语总复习资料 等 I m leaving tomorrow Are you staying here till next week 现在完成时 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态 其结果的确和现在有联系 动作 或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在 也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态 其构成 have has 过去分词 比较过去时与现在完成时 1 过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情 强调动作 现在完成时为 过去发生的 强调过去的事情对现在的影响 强调的是影响 2 过去时常与具体的时间状语连用 而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用 或无 时间状语 一般过去时的时间状语 yesterday last week ago in1980 in October just now 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语 this morning tonight this April now once before already recently lately 现在完成时的时间状语 f

9、or since so far ever never just yet till until up to now in past years always 不确定的时间状语 3 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态 动词一般是延续性的 如live teach learn work study know 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come go leave start die finish become get married 等 举例 I saw this film yesterday 强调看的动作发生过了 I have seen this film 强调对现在的影响 电影的内容已经知道了 Why did you get up so early 高三英语总复习资料 强调起床的动作已发生过了 Who hasn t handed in his paper 强调有卷子 可能为不公平竞争 She has returned from Paris 她已从巴黎回来了 She returned yesterday 她是昨天回来了 He has been in the League for three

10、 years 在团内的状态可延续 He has been a League member for three years 是团员的状态可持续 He joined the League three years ago 三年前入团 joined 为短暂行为 I have finished my homework now Will somebody go and get Dr White He s already been sent for 句子中如有过去时的时间副词 如yesterday last week in 1960 时 不能使用现在完 成时 要用过去时 错 Tom has written a letter to his parents last night 对 Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night 用于现在完成时的句型 1 It is the first second time that 结构中的从句部分 用现在完成时 It is the first time that I have visited the city It was

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